Link  to HVS Image homepage

Watermaze mini-list

More publications at Pubmed Central

Google Scholar search, search for publications (new)

Watermaze publications 1966-2002

This facility is not continued beyond 2002 because you can Google.

Classics

[Place-navigation impaired.] 
R G M Morris et al. 1982. Place-navigation impaired in rats 
with hippocampal lesions. Nature, 297, 681-683.


[Being there]
Robert J Sutherland & Rick Linggard. 1982. Being there: a novel 
demonstration of latent spatial learning in the rat. Beh & Neural 
Biology, 36,103-107.


[The classic Morris methods paper] Still good ! Please note: current trackers do not require the 'camera-mask' shown in this paper.Richard Morris. 1984. Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. Journal of Neuroscience  Methods, 11, 47-60.


[Whishaw corridor test]
Ian Q Whishaw. 1984. Formation of a place-learning set by the rat. a 
new paradigm for neurobehavioral studies. Physiol & Beh.,35, 139-143.


[The Kelly Tests, put into HVS software at the request of Dr Kelly.]
N. Venable & P. Kelly. 1991. Effects of NMDA antagonists on memory 
processes in a novel two-trial swimming test. Beh. Pharm., 2, 161-169.


[The Gallagher Proximity measures, put into the HVS software at the 
request of Dr Gallagher.]
Michela Gallagher et al. 1993. Severity of spatial learning impairment 
in aging: development of a learning-index for performance in the 
Morris water maze test. 107, 4, 18-626.


[Warm the water !]
Edvard Moser et al. 1993.Association between brain temperature and 
dentate field potentials in exploring & swimming rats. Science, 259, 
1324-1326.


[Anticipates HVS 'Counters'.]
Alicja L. Markowska et al. 1993. Variable-interval probe trial test 
as a tool for repeated measurements of spatial memory in the water 
maze. Beh Neuroscience, 107, 627-632.

[Instead of milk !] (No feedback on suitability for use with HVS.)
D.P.Cain et al. 1993. Polypropylene pellets as in inexpensive 
resusable substitute for milk in the Morris milk maze. J. of 
Neuroscience Methods. 49. 193-197.

Escape strategies of mice in the watermaze: a meta-analytical dissection
D.P. Wolfer, R. Madani, H. Welzl, H.-P. Lipp
http://www.ibngs.org/SanDiego/wolfer.html

Archive 

• Aging impairs amygdala-hippocampus interactions involved in hippocampal LTP. Almaguer W et al 2002
• Behavioral effects of excitotoxic lesions of ventral medial prefrontal cortex in the rat are hemisphere-dependent. Sullivan RM et al 2002
• Improvement of spatial memory by (R)-alpha-methylhistamine, a histamine H(3)-receptor agonist, on the Morris water-maze in rat. Rubio S et al 2002
• Does head-only exposure to GSM-900 electromagnetic fields affect the performance of rats in spatial learning tasks? Dubreuil D et al 2002
• Maintained synaptophysin immunoreactivity in Tg2576 transgenic mice during aging: correlations with cognitive impairment. King DL et al 2002
• The Effects of Long-Term Treatment with Metrifonate, a Cholinesterase Inhibitor, on Cholinergic Activity, Amyloid Pathology, and Cognitive Function in APP and PS1 Doubly Transgenic Mice. Liu L et al 2002
• Inhibition of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Improves CA1 Neuronal Survival and Behavioral Performance After Global Ischemia in the Rat. Wang F et al 2002
• Pharmacological protection of synaptic function, spatial learning, and memory from transient hypoxia in rats. Sun MK et al 2002
• The effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on the behaviour of small-platform-stressed mice in the plus-maze test. Pokk P et al 2002
• SR 141716A prevents delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced spatial learning deficit in a Morris-type water maze in mice. Da S et al 2002
• Aging has a complex effect on a rat model of ischemic stroke. Shapira S et al 2002
• Effects of developmental exposure to lead, magnesium and zinc mixtures on spatial learning and expression of NMDA receptor subunit mRNA in Fischer 344 rats. Newman HM et al 2002
• The molarless condition in aged SAMP8 mice attenuates hippocampal Fos induction linked to water maze performance. Watanabe K et al 2002
• Spaced training facilitates long-term retention of place navigation in adult but not in adolescent rats. Spreng M et al 2002
• Involvement of microtubule integrity in memory impairment caused by colchicine. Nakayama T et al 2002
• Selective and Enduring Deficits in Spatial Learning After Limited Neonatal Binge Alcohol Exposure in Male Rats. Johnson TB et al 2002
• Seizure-induced memory impairment is reduced by choline supplementation before or after status epilepticus. Holmes GL et al 2002
• Hippocampal injury and neurobehavioral deficits following hyperglycemic cerebral ischemia: effect of theophylline and ZM 241385. Higashi H et al 2002
• Enhanced maze performance and reduced oxidative stress by combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba in the aged rat. Topic B et al 2002
• The Effects of l-Glucose on Memory in Mice Are Modulated by Peripherally Acting Cholinergic Drugs. Lawson CJ et al 2002
• Chronic aspirin ingestion improves spatial learning in adult and aged rats. Smith JW et al 2002
• Chronic psychosocial stress impairs learning and memory and increases sensitivity to yohimbine in adult rats. Park CR et al 2001
• A role for the angiotensin AT(4) receptor subtype in overcoming scopolamine-induced spatial memory deficits. Pederson ES et al 2001
• Re-evaluation of the spatial memory deficits induced by hippocampal short lasting inactivation reveals the need for cortical co-operation. Parron C et al 2001
• Grafting neural stem cells improved the impaired spatial recognition in ischemic rats. Toda H et al 2001
• Specific spatial learning deficits become severe with age in beta -amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice that harbor diffuse beta -amyloid deposits but do not form plaques. Koistinaho M et al 2001
• Neurotensin analog NT69L induces rapid and prolonged hypothermia after hypoxic ischemia. Katz LM et al 2001
• Improving effects of SSF on memory deficits and pathological changes of neural and immunological systems in senescent mice. Shang YZ et al 2001
• Cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat. Mackensen GB et al 2001
• Genetic evidence for noradrenergic control of long-term memory consolidation. Kobayashi K et al 2001
• 2-Buten-4-olide, an endogenous feeding suppressant, improves spatial performance through brain acidic fibroblast growth factor in mice. Li XL et al 2001
• Effects of ectopias and their cortical location on several measures of learning in BXSB mice. Hyde LA et al 2001
• The role of the entorhinal cortex in two forms of spatial learning and memory. Bannerman DM et al 2001
• Contextual fear conditioning is disrupted by lesions of the subcortical, but not entorhinal, connections to the hippocampus. Bannerman DM et al 2001
• Anxiolytic activity of aerial and underground parts of Passiflora incarnata. Dhawan K et al 2001
• Memory retrieval impairment induced by hippocampal CA3 lesions is blocked by adrenocortical suppression. Roozendaal B et al 2001
• Cognitive dysfunction and histological findings in adult rats one year after whole brain irradiation. Akiyama K et al 2001
• Development of adult ethanol preference and anxiety as a consequence of neonatal maternal separation in Long Evans rats and reversal with antidepressant treatment. Huot RL et al 2001
• Forebrain-specific calcineurin knockout selectively impairs bidirectional synaptic plasticity and working/episodic-like memory. Zeng H et al 2001
• Evaluation of R6/2 HD transgenic mice for therapeutic studies in Huntington's disease: behavioral testing and impact of diabetes mellitus. Luesse HG et al 2001
• Timing of cognitive deficits following neonatal seizures: relationship to histological changes in the hippocampus. Sogawa Y et al 2001
• Beneficial effect of the sigma(1) receptor agonist PRE-084 against the spatial learning deficits in aged rats. Maurice T et al 2001
• Visual categorical perception by rats with temporal, striate, or sham ablations. Maki SL et al 2001
• Huperzine A attenuates cognitive deficits and hippocampal neuronal damage after transient global ischemia in gerbils. Zhou J et al 2001
• Cerebral serotonin depletion induces egocentric learning improvement in developing rats. Olvera-Cortes E et al 2001
• Behavioral tests of hippocampal function: simple paradigms complex problems. Gerlai R et al 2001
• Faster is not surer--a comparison of C57BL/6J and 129S2/Sv mouse strains in the watermaze. Contet C et al 2001
• Repeated exposure to rats has persistent genotype-dependent effects on learning and locomotor activity of apolipoprotein E knockout and C57Bl/6 mice. Grootendorst J et al 2001
• Phenotyping complex behaviours: assessment of circadian control and 5-choice serial reaction learning in the mouse. Marston HM et al 2001
• Activation of cyclo-oxygenase-2 contributes to motor and cognitive dysfunction following diffuse traumatic brain injury in rats. Cernak I et al 2001
• Behavioral assessment of Alzheimer's transgenic mice following long-term Abeta vaccination: task specificity and correlations between Abeta deposition and spatial memory. Arendash GW et al 2001
• Stress alleviates reduced expression of cell adhesion molecules (NCAM, L1), and deficits in learning and corticosterone regulation of apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Grootendorst J et al 2001
• Coupled guided acoustic modes in water-filled thin-walled tubes. Maze G et al 2001
• Mild head injury increasing the brain's vulnerability to a second concussive impact. Laurer HL et al 2001
• Neurobehavioral assessment of outcome following traumatic brain injury in rats: an evaluation of selected measures. Hamm RJ et al 2001
• Oral administration of soybean lecithin transphosphatidylated phosphatidylserine improves memory impairment in aged rats. Suzuki S et al 2001
• Phenolic anti-inflammatory antioxidant reversal of Abeta-induced cognitive deficits and neuropathology. Frautschy SA et al 2001
• Hippocampus-dependent learning and memory is impaired in mice lacking the Ras-guanine-nucleotide releasing factor 1 (Ras-GRF1). Giese KP et al 2001
• Impact of hypericum (St.-John's-wort) given prenatally on cognition of mice offspring. Rayburn WF et al 2001
• Periadolescent alcohol alters adult behavioral characteristics in the rat. Siciliano D et al 2001
• 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists enhance retention of a water maze task in the rat. Rogers DC et al 2001
• Point mutation in the mouse glucocorticoid receptor preventing DNA binding impairs spatial memory. Oitzl MS et al 2001
• Lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in immature rats result in long-term deficits in spatial learning and hippocampal cell loss. Wu CL et al 2001
• Selective immunolesions of cholinergic neurons in mice: effects on neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and behavior. Berger-Sweeney J et al 2001
• Correlation between hippocampal BDNF mRNA expression and memory performance in senescent rats. Schaaf MJ et al 2001
• A retinoic acid receptor antagonist suppresses brain retinoic acid receptor overexpression and reverses a working memory deficit induced by chronic ethanol consumption in mice. Alfos S et al 2001
• Behavioral characterization of dopamine D5 receptor null mutant mice. Holmes A et al 2001
• Spatial learning deficits in amyloid precursor protein 770 transgenic mice. Li H et al 2001
• A Rat Model of the Cognitive Impairment from (italic)Pfiesteria piscicida (/italic)Exposure. Levin ED et al 2001
• Impaired water maze learning performance without altered dopaminergic function in mice heterozygous for the GDNF mutation. Gerlai R et al 2001
• Conservation of neuronal number and size in the entorhinal cortex of behaviorally characterized aged rats. Merrill DA et al 2001
• Histopathologic response of the immature rat to diffuse traumatic brain injury. Adelson PD et al 2001
• SIB-1553A, (+/-)-4-[[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]thio]phenol hydrochloride, a subtype-selective ligand for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with putative cognitive-enhancing properties: effects on working and reference memory performances in aged rodents and nonhuman primates. Bontempi B et al 2001
• Similar target, different effects: late-onset ataxia and spatial learning in prion protein-deficient mouse lines. Valenti P et al 2001
• Effects of neonatal corticosterone treatment on maze performance and HPA axis in juvenile rats. McCormick CM et al 2001
• Stimulation of 5-HT(1A) receptors in the dorsal raphe ameliorates the impairment of spatial learning caused by intrahippocampal 7-chloro-kynurenic acid in naive and pretrained rats. Carli M et al 2001
• Spatial learning in the guinea pig: cued versus non-cued learning, sex differences, and comparison with rats. Dringenberg HC et al 2001
• Lipopolysaccharide causes deficits in spatial learning in the watermaze but not in BDNF expression in the rat dentate gyrus. Shaw KN et al 2001
• Dietary soy phytoestrogens produce anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze. Lund TD et al 2001
• The AMPA receptor allosteric potentiator PEPA ameliorates post-ischemic memory impairment. Sekiguchi M et al 2001
• Loss of hippocampal serine protease BSP1/neuropsin predisposes to global seizure activity. Davies B et al 2001
• Spatial long-term memory is related to mossy fiber synaptogenesis. Ramirez-Amaya V et al 2001
• The conjoint importance of the hippocampus and anterior thalamic nuclei for allocentric spatial learning: evidence from a disconnection study in the rat. Warburton EC et al 2001
• Neurobehavioural defects in adult mice neonatally exposed to nicotine: changes in nicotine-induced behaviour and maze learning performance. Ankarberg E et al 2001
• Progressive brain dysfunction following intracerebroventricular infusion of beta(1-42)-amyloid peptide. Nakamura S et al 2001
• Cognitive and histopathological outcome after weight-drop brain injury in the rat: influence of systemic administration of monoclonal antibodies to ICAM-1. Isaksson J et al 2001
• Improvement of melatonin to the learning and memory impairment induced by amyloid bgr;-peptide 25-35 in elder rats. Shen YX et al 2001
• Effect of lamotrigine treatment on status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage and memory impairment in rat. Halonen T et al 2001
• Neurodevelopmental delay, motor abnormalities and cognitive deficits in transgenic mice overexpressing Dyrk1A (minibrain), a murine model of Down's syndrome. Altafaj X et al 2001
• Biochemical, histological and behavioral consequences of nephrectomy in young and aged mice. Al Banchaabouchi M et al 2001
• RS 67333 and D-cycloserine accelerate learning acquisition in the rat. Lelong V et al 2001
• Developmental lead exposure: behavioral alterations in the short and long term. Moreira EG et al 2001
• Impairment of spatial learning following preweaning cocaine exposure in the adult rat. Melnick SM et al 2001
• Differential effects of delta9-THC on spatial reference and working memory in mice. Varvel SA et al 2001
• Rat two-generation reproductive toxicity study of bisphenol A. Ema M et al 2001
• Behavioral/environmental intervention improves learning after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in rats. Chou IC et al 2001
• Simvastatin protects against long-lasting behavioral and morphological consequences of neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury. Balduini W et al 2001
• Maternal deprivation increases 5-HT(1A) receptor expression in the CA1 and CA3 areas of senescent Brown Norway rats. Sibug RM et al 2001
• Spatial problem solving and hippocampal place cell firing in rats: control by an internal sense of direction carried across environments. Huxter JR et al 2001
• Finding a goal on dry land and in the water: differential effects of disorientation on spatial learning. Gibson BM et al 2001
• Bromodeoxyuridine and methylazoxymethanol exposure during brain development affects behavior in rats: consideration for a role of nerve growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor. Fiore M et al 2001
• Memantine, but not dizocilpine, ameliorates cognitive deficits in adult rats withdrawn from chronic ingestion of alcohol. Lukoyanov NV et al 2001
• Longitudinal analysis of motor activity and coordination, anxiety, and spatial learning in mice with altered blood pressure. Thifault S et al 2001
• Effects of dentate nucleus lesions on spatial and postural sensorimotor learning in rats. Joyal CC et al 2001
• Loss of the thalamic nuclei for "head direction" impairs performance on spatial memory tasks in rats. Wilton LA et al 2001
• Ontogeny of spatial navigation in rats: a role for response requirements? Carman HM et al 2001
• Versatile computerized system for tracking and analysis of water maze tests. Mukhina TV et al 2001
• Applications of the Morris water maze in the study of learning and memory. D'Hooge R et al 2001
• Differential activation of hippocampus and amygdala following spatial learning under stress. Akirav I et al 2001
• Behavioral phenotyping of GFAP-apoE3 and -apoE4 transgenic mice: apoE4 mice show profound working memory impairments in the absence of Alzheimer's-like neuropathology. Hartman RE et al 2001
• Multiple courses of antenatal betamethasone and cognitive development of mice offspring. Christensen HD et al 2001
• Pentyl-4-yn-valproic acid enhances both spatial and avoidance learning, and attenuates age-related NCAM-mediated neuroplastic decline within the rat medial temporal lobe. Murphy KJ et al 2001
• Intracellular correlates of spatial memory acquisition in hippocampal slices: long-term disinhibition of CA1 pyramidal cells. Gusev PA et al 2001
• Impairment of mossy fiber long-term potentiation and associative learning in pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type I receptor-deficient mice. Otto C et al 2001
• Free radical scavenger posttreatment improves functional and morphological outcome after fluid percussion injury in the rat. Marklund N et al 2001
• Small shifts in craniotomy position in the lateral fluid percussion injury model are associated with differential lesion development. Vink R et al 2001
• Tianeptine and its enantiomers: effects on spatial memory in rats with medial septum lesions. Morris RG et al 2001
• A role for 5-ht6 receptors in retention of spatial learning in the Morris water maze. Woolley ML et al 2001
• Repeated treatment with cholecystokinin octapeptide improves maze performance in aged Fischer 344 rats. Voits M et al 2001
• Gene targeting reveals a role for the glutamate receptors mGluR5 and GluR2 in learning and memory. Jia Z et al 2001
• Learning impairments and motor dysfunctions in adult Lhx5-deficient mice displaying hippocampal disorganization. Paylor R et al 2001
• Extended analysis of path data from mutant mice using the public domain software Wintrack. Wolfer DP et al 2001
• The EthoVision video tracking system--a tool for behavioral phenotyping of transgenic mice. Spink AJ et al 2001
• The use of behavioral test batteries: effects of training history. McIlwain KL et al 2001
• The effects of perinatal tebuconazole exposure on adult neurological, immunological, and reproductive function in rats. Moser VC et al 2001
• Recurrent neonatal seizures: relationship of pathology to the electroencephalogram and cognition. de Rogalski Landrot I et al 2001
• Amygdala is critical for stress-induced modulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning. Kim JJ et al 2001
• Hyperactivity and intact hippocampus-dependent learning in mice lacking the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Miyakawa T et al 2001
• Experience-dependent gene expression in the rat hippocampus after spatial learning: a comparison of the immediate-early genes Arc, c-fos, and zif268. Guzowski JF et al 2001
• Hyperactivity, neuromotor defects, and impaired learning and memory in a mouse model for metachromatic leukodystrophy. D'Hooge R et al 2001
• Anti-ischemic and cognition-enhancing properties of NNC-711, a gamma-aminobutyric acid reuptake inhibitor. O'Connell AW et al 2001
• Interaction between the cholinergic system and CRH in the modulation of spatial discrimination learning in mice. Steckler T et al 2001
• Elevations in antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone as possible causes of fluid retention in the Maze procedure. Albage A et al 2001
• Perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls Aroclor 1016 or 1254 did not alter brain catecholamines nor delayed alternation performance in Long-Evans rats. Zahalka EA et al 2001
• Selective antibody-induced cholinergic cell and synapse loss produce sustained hippocampal and cortical hypometabolism with correlated cognitive deficits. Browne SE et al 2001
• Apolipoprotein E protects against neuropathology induced by a high-fat diet and maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier during aging. Mulder M et al 2001
• Effects of neocortical ectopias and environmental enrichment on Hebb-Williams maze learning in BXSB mice. Hoplight BJ et al 2001
• Cognitive performances and locomotor activity following dentate granule cell damage in rats: role of lesion extent and type of memory tested. Jeltsch H et al 2001
• Maternal urinary tract infection alters water maze performance in the offspring. Cronise K et al 2001
• Long-term consequences of developmental exposure to aluminum in a suboptimal diet for growth and behavior of Swiss Webster mice. Golub MS et al 2001
• Nefiracetam improves Morris water maze performance following traumatic brain injury in rats. DeFord SM et al 2001
• Effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on behavioral impairment and neuronal cell death after forebrain ischemia. Shishido Y et al 2001
• Environmental enrichment: effects on spatial memory and hippocampal CREB immunoreactivity. Williams BM et al 2001
• Short-term administration of fluoxetine and venlafaxine decreases corticosteroid receptor mRNA expression in the rat hippocampus. Yau JL et al 2001
• Spatial learning induces neurotrophin receptor and synapsin I in the hippocampus. Gomez-Pinilla F et al 2001
• Huperzine A attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal degeneration caused by beta-amyloid protein-(1-40) in rat. Wang R et al 2001
• Early-onset amyloid deposition and cognitive deficits in transgenic mice expressing a double mutant form of amyloid precursor protein 695. Chishti MA et al 2001
• Impaired recognition of the goal location during spatial navigation in rats with hippocampal lesions. Hollup SA et al 2001
• Dorsal hippocampal kindling produces a selective and enduring disruption of hippocampally mediated behavior. Hannesson DK et al 2001
• Neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing properties of MK-801 flexible analogs. Structure-activity relationships. Bachurin S et al 2001
• The effect of L-carnitine on T-maze learning ability in aged rats. Lohninger S et al 2001
• Impairments of learning and memory following intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A in rats. Lim DK et al 2001
• Spatial strategy elaboration in egocentric and allocentric tasks following medial prefrontal cortex lesions in the rat. Ethier K et al 2001
• Four hours of paradoxical sleep deprivation impairs alternation performance in a water maze in the rat. Le Marec N et al 2001
• Behavioral and biochemical effects of glutathione depletion in the rat brain. Cruz-Aguado R et al 2001
• N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone, a free radical scavenger with anticholinesterase activity does not improve the cognitive performance of scopolamine-challenged rats. Milivojevic N et al 2001
• Extracellular superoxide dismutase overexpression improves behavioral outcome from closed head injury in the mouse. Pineda JA et al 2001
• Pharmacological enhancement of synaptic efficacy, spatial learning, and memory through carbonic anhydrase activation in rats. Sun MK et al 2001
• Preclinical evaluation of CHF3381 as a novel antiepileptic agent. Villetti G et al 2001
• Neurotoxicological effects associated with short-term exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to hydrogen sulfide. Struve MF et al 2001
• Platelet-activating factor antagonist BN 50730 attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Liu XH et al 2001
• Inhibition of MAO-A activity enhances behavioural activity of rats assessed using water maze and open arena tasks. Barbelivien A et al 2001
• Effects of prenatal rubratoxin-B exposure on behaviors of mouse offspring. Kihara T et al 2001
• Altered sensitivity of CD81-deficient mice to neurobehavioral effects of cocaine. Michna L et al 2001
• Human neural stem cells improve cognitive function of aged brain. Qu T et al 2001
• Excitotoxic lesions of the rostral thalamic reticular nucleus do not affect the performance of spatial learning and memory tasks in the rat. Wilton LA et al 2001
• Learning deficits in mice with persistent Borna disease virus infection of the CNS associated with elevated chemokine expression. Sauder C et al 2001
• Protection against beta-amyloid peptide toxicity in vivo with long-term administration of ferulic acid. Yan JJ et al 2001
• The state of cholinergic structures in forebrain of bulbectomized mice. Bobkova NV et al 2001
• Group I metabotropic glutamate antagonist reduces acute neuronal degeneration and behavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury in rats. Lyeth BG et al 2001
• Neuroprotective and behavioral efficacy of nerve growth factor-transfected hippocampal progenitor cell transplants after experimental traumatic brain injury. Philips MF et al 2001
• Dietary trans fatty acids combined with a marginal essential fatty acid status during the pre- and postnatal periods do not affect growth or brain fatty acids but may alter behavioral development in B6D2F(2) mice. Wauben IP et al 2001
• Confirmation of the anxiolytic-like effect of dihydrohonokiol following behavioural and biochemical assessments. Maruyama Y et al 2001
• Correlation between cognitive deficits and Abeta deposits in transgenic APP+PS1 mice. Gordon MN et al 2001
• Differential interaction of platelet-activating factor and NMDA receptor function in hippocampal and dorsal striatal memory processes. Teather LA et al 2001
• Neurobehavioral teratogenic effects of thalidomide in rats. Vorhees CV et al 2001
• Task-dependent strain difference of spatial learning in C57BL/6N and BALB/c mice. Yoshida M et al 2001
• Prenatal morphine exposure differentially alters learning and memory in male and female rats. Slamberova R et al 2001
• Effects of central noradrenaline depletion by the selective neurotoxin DSP-4 on the behaviour of the isolated rat in the elevated plus maze and water maze. Lapiz MD et al 2001
• Selective behaviors altered in plasminogen-deficient mice are reconstituted with intracerebroventricular injection of plasminogen. Hoover-Plow J et al 2001
• Lack of tissue glucocorticoid reactivation in 11beta -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 knockout mice ameliorates age-related learning impairments. Yau JL et al 2001
• The effects of intrahippocampal testosterone and flutamide on spatial localization in the Morris water maze. Naghdi N et al 2001
• Hippocampal dependent learning ability correlates with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor levels in CA3 neurons of young and aged rats. Adams MM et al 2001
• Age-independent and dose-response effects of ethanol on spatial memory in rats. Acheson SK et al 2001
• Impairment of learning and memory in rats caused by oxidative stress and aging, and changes in antioxidative defense systems. Fukui K et al 2001
• Memory retention is modulated by acute estradiol and progesterone replacement. Sandstrom NJ et al 2001
• Exploration, anxiety, and spatial memory in transgenic anophthalmic mice. Buhot MC et al 2001
• Effects of the uterine environment and neocortical ectopias upon behavior of BXSB-Yaa+mice. Denenberg VH et al 2001
• Therapeutic effects of environmental enrichment on cognitive function and tissue integrity following severe traumatic brain injury in rats. Passineau MJ et al 2001
• Spatial orientation in construction divers--are there associations with diving experience? Leplow B et al 2001
• The maxi-K channel opener BMS-204352 attenuates regional cerebral edema and neurologic motor impairment after experimental brain injury. Cheney JA et al 2001
• Behavioral and anatomical correlates of chronic episodic hypoxia during sleep in the rat. Gozal D et al 2001
• Developmental lead exposure in rats: is a behavioral sequel extended at F2 generation? Trombini TV et al 2001
• Effects of MDL 73005 on water-maze performances and locomotor activity in scopolamine-treated rats. Bertrand F et al 2001
• Resolution of stroke deficits following contralateral grafts of conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cells. Veizovic T et al 2001
• Neurotoxicological outcomes of perinatal heptachlor exposure in the rat. Moser VC et al 2001
• Enriched environment during development is protective against lead-induced neurotoxicity. Schneider JS et al 2001
• Intact LTP and fear memory but impaired spatial memory in mice lacking Ca(v)2.3 (alpha(IE)) channel. Kubota M et al 2001
• A cautionary note on interpreting the effects of partial reinforcement on place learning performance in the water maze. Devan BD et al 2001
• Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 improve spatial learning and increase hippocampal synaptophysin level in mice. Mook-Jung I et al 2001
• Effects of ageing on allocentric and egocentric spatial strategies in the Wistar rat. Begega A et al 2001
• Inactivating one hippocampus impairs avoidance of a stable room-defined place during dissociation of arena cues from room cues by rotation of the arena. Cimadevilla JM et al 2001
• The effects of the lurcher mutation on object localization, T-maze discrimination, and radial arm maze tasks. Belzung C et al 2001
• Behavioral effects of infection with IL-6 adenovector. Sakic B et al 2001
• Place fields of rat hippocampal pyramidal cells and spatial learning in the watermaze. Hollup SA et al 2001
• Relationship between three intensity levels of Toxocara canis larvae in the brain and effects on exploration, anxiety, learning and memory in the murine host. Cox DM et al 2001
• Independence of firing correlates of anatomically proximate hippocampal pyramidal cells. Redish AD et al 2001
• Accumulation of hippocampal place fields at the goal location in an annular watermaze task. Hollup SA et al 2001
• Task-dependent role for dorsal striatum metabotropic glutamate receptors in memory. Packard MG et al 2001
• Chronic, severe hypertension does not impair spatial learning and memory in Sprague-Dawley rats. Kadish I et al 2001
• Intracranial injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus improves cognitive function in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. Frisella WA et al 2001
• Effect of neonatal dentate gyrus lesion on allothetic and idiothetic navigation in rats. Czeh B et al 2001
• Place and response learning of rats in a Morris water maze: differential effects of fimbria fornix and medial prefrontal cortex lesions. de Bruin JP et al 2001
• A behavioral study of alpha-1b adrenergic receptor knockout mice: increased reaction to novelty and selectively reduced learning capacities. Spreng M et al 2001
• Chronic elevation of brain GABA levels beginning two days after status epilepticus does not prevent epileptogenesis in rats. Halonen T et al 2001
• An alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonist, atipamezole, facilitates behavioral recovery after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Puurunen K et al 2001
• Enriched-environment housing increases neuronal Fos-staining in the dentate gyrus after a water maze spatial learning task. Puurunen K et al 2001
• [Possible mechanisms in latent learning formation investigated by using mutant mice] Noda Y et al 2001
• Effects of entorhinal cortex lesions on sensory integration and spatial learning. Davis AE et al 2001
• Subchronic cocaine produces training paradigm-dependent learning deficits in laboratory rats. Quirk PL et al 2001
• Exposure to ethanol and nicotine during the brain growth spurt: spatial DMP performance in male rats. Girard TA et al 2001
• Spatial learning and morphine-rewarded place preference negatively correlates in mice. Xu N et al 2001
• Reversal of morphine-induced memory impairment in mice by withdrawal in Morris water maze: possible involvement of cholinergic system. Li Z et al 2001
• The anxiolytic effect of Sho-ju-sen, a Japanese herbal medicine, assessed by an elevated plus-maze test in mice. Kuribara H et al 2001
• Facilitated stimulus-response associative learning and long-term memory in mice lacking the NTAN1 amidase of the N-end rule pathway. Balogh SA et al 2001
• Visual discrimination learning in the water maze: a novel test for visual acuity. Robinson L et al 2001
• Progressive, age-related behavioral impairments in transgenic mice carrying both mutant amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 transgenes. Arendash GW et al 2001
• Removing zinc from synaptic vesicles does not impair spatial learning, memory, or sensorimotor functions in the mouse. Cole TB et al 2001
• Chronic benzodiazepine administration facilitates the subsequent development of ethanol dependence. Martijena ID et al 2001
• A two-platform task reveals a deficit in the ability of rats to return to the start location in the water maze. Skinner DM et al 2001
• Excitotoxic lesions of the pre- and parasubiculum disrupt object recognition and spatial memory processes. Liu P et al 2001
• Spatial reference memory and neocortical neurochemistry vary with the estrous cycle in C57BL/6 mice. Frick KM et al 2001
• The effect of excitotoxic lesions centered on the hippocampus or perirhinal cortex in object recognition and spatial memory tasks. Liu P et al 2001
• Prolonged exposure to low doses of ozone: short- and long-term changes in behavioral performance in mice. Sorace A et al 2001
• Time sequence and types of memory deficits after experimental status epilepticus. Mikati MA et al 2001
• Evidence for involvement of dysfunctional teeth in the senile process in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice. Watanabe K et al 2001
• Selegiline combined with enriched-environment housing attenuates spatial learning deficits following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Puurunen K et al 2001
• Prenatal stress and postnatal development of neonatal rats--sex-dependent effects on emotional behavior and learning ability of neonatal rats. Nishio H et al 2001
• Behavior of first guided wave on finite cylindrical shells of various lengths: experimental investigation. Haumesser L et al 2001
• Behavioural assessment of visual acuity in bumblebees (Bombus impatiens). Macuda T et al 2001
• Injury severity and sensitivity to treatment after controlled cortical impact in rats. Markgraf CG et al 2001
• Age-dependent influence of dietary zinc restriction on short-term memory in male rats. Keller KA et al 2001
• Cognitive effects of Colostral-Val nonapeptide in aged rats. Popik P et al 2001
• The effect of age on the response of the rat brains to continuous beta-amyloid infusion. Nag S et al 2001
• The free radical scavenger alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone aggravates hippocampal apoptosis and learning deficits in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Loeffler JM et al 2001
• Selective and long-term learning impairment following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain insult in rats. Ikeda T et al 2001
• alpha-Phenyl-tert-N-butyl nitrone (PBN) improves functional and morphological outcome after cortical contusion injury in the rat. Marklund N et al 2001
• Characterization of microsphere embolism-induced impairment of learning and memory function and the cholinergic system. Takagi K et al 2001
• An improved Morris Water Maze tracking algorithm for psychophysiological studies--Part 2. Hval ES et al 2001
• Behavioural, histological and immunocytochemical consequences following 192 IgG-saporin immunolesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Perry T et al 2001
• Enhancement of hippocampal LTP, reference memory and sensorimotor gating in mutant mice lacking a telencephalon-specific cell adhesion molecule. Nakamura K et al 2001
• The preclinical pharmacologic profile of tiapride. Scatton B et al 2001
• Chronic intracerebroventricular exposure to beta-amyloid(1-40) impairs object recognition but does not affect spontaneous locomotor activity or sensorimotor gating in the rat. Nag S et al 2001
• Neurogranin null mutant mice display performance deficits on spatial learning tasks with anxiety related components. Miyakawa T et al 2001
• Visualization of muscarinic receptor-mediated phosphoinositide turnover in the hippocampus of young and aged, learning-impaired Long Evans rats. Nicolle MM et al 2001
• GABAergic septohippocampal neurons are not necessary for spatial memory. Pang KC et al 2001
• Aberrant synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA3 region and cognitive deterioration in protein-repair enzyme-deficient mice. Ikegaya Y et al 2001
• Dorsal hippocampal kindling selectively impairs spatial learning/short-term memory. Hannesson DK et al 2001
• Dorsal/ventral hippocampus, fornix, and conditioned place preference. Ferbinteanu J et al 2001
• Memory deficits and increased emotionality induced by beta-amyloid (25-35) are correlated with the reduced acetylcholine release and altered phorbol dibutyrate binding in the hippocampus. Olariu A et al 2001
• Theta rhythm of hippocampal CA1 neuron activity: gating by GABAergic synaptic depolarization. Sun MK et al 2001
• Retrograde amnesia for spatial memory induced by NMDA receptor-mediated long-term potentiation. Brun VH et al 2001
• Mapping cerebral glucose metabolism during spatial learning: interactions of development and traumatic brain injury. Prins ML et al 2001
• Circadian phase-shifted rats show normal acquisition but impaired long-term retention of place information in the water task. Devan BD et al 2001
• Anticonvulsant action and long-term effects of gabapentin in the immature brain. Cilio MR et al 2001
• The effects of prenatal stress on learning in rats in a Morris maze. Aleksandrov AA et al 2001
• Spatial learning deficits without hippocampal neuronal loss in a model of early-onset epilepsy. Lee CL et al 2001
• Effects of age and insulin-like growth factor-1 on neuron and synapse numbers in area CA3 of hippocampus. Poe BH et al 2001
• Reversal of cognitive deficit of apolipoprotein E knockout mice after repeated exposure to a common environmental experience. Grootendorst J et al 2001
• Unaltered radial maze performance and brain acetylcholine of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mouse. Dere E et al 2001
• The selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist repinotan HCl attenuates histopathology and spatial learning deficits following traumatic brain injury in rats. Kline AE et al 2001
• Behavioural correlates of striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein in the 3-nitropropionic acid rat model: disturbed walking pattern and spatial orientation. Teunissen CE et al 2001
• Dahl salt-sensitive and salt-resistant rats: examination of learning and memory performance, blood pressure, and the expression of central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Terry AV Jr et al 2001
• Neonatal dexamethasone on day 7 in rats causes behavioral alterations reflective of hippocampal, but not cerebellar, deficits. Ferguson SA et al 2001
• Plasma and brain methamphetamine concentrations in neonatal rats. Cappon GD et al 2001
• Strain and gender differences in the behavior of mouse lines commonly used in transgenic studies. Voikar V et al 2001
• Pharmacological evidence supporting a role for galanin in cognition and affect. Wrenn CC et al 2001
• Effects of chronic, post-injury Cyclosporin A administration on motor and sensorimotor function following severe, experimental traumatic brain injury. Riess P et al 2001
• Homotopic grafts of septal neurons combined to polymeric hydrogels placed into a fimbria-fornix lesion cavity attenuate locomotor hyperactivity but not mnemonic dysfunctions in rats. Duconseille E et al 2001
• The effects of neocortical ectopias on Lashley III water maze learning in New Zealand Black mice. Hyde LA et al 2000
• Timing of ketogenic diet initiation in an experimental epilepsy model. Su SW et al 2000
• Evaluation of combined fibroblast growth factor-2 and moderate hypothermia therapy in traumatically brain injured rats. Yan HQ et al 2000
• Spatial memory and learning deficits after experimental pneumococcal meningitis in mice. Wellmer A et al 2000
• A learning deficit related to age and beta-amyloid plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Chen G et al 2000
• A beta peptide vaccination prevents memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Morgan D et al 2000
• Lesions of the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens impair rats in finding larger rewards, but spare reward-seeking behavior. Albertin SV et al 2000
• Auditory cues support place navigation in rats when associated with a visual cue. Rossier J et al 2000
• Spatial learning, contextual fear conditioning and conditioned emotional response in Fmr1 knockout mice. Van Dam D et al 2000
• BALB/c mice are not so bad in the Morris water maze. Chapillon P et al 2000
• Impaired hippocampal-dependent learning and functional abnormalities in the hippocampus in mice lacking serotonin(1A) receptors. Sarnyai Z et al 2000
• Neurological sequelae and long-term behavioural assessment of rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Modo M et al 2000
• Disruption of the mouse Necdin gene results in hypothalamic and behavioral alterations reminiscent of the human Prader-Willi syndrome. Muscatelli F et al 2000
• Mild deficits in mice lacking pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor type 1 (PAC1) performing on memory tasks. Sauvage M et al 2000
• Reduced visual acuity impairs place but not cued learning in the Morris water task. Prusky GT et al 2000
• Retrieval of spatial information in Nijmegen high and low responders: involvement of beta-adrenergic mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens. Tuinstra T et al 2000
• [Nphe(1)]-Nociceptin (1-13)-NH(2), a nociceptin receptor antagonist, reverses nociceptin-induced spatial memory impairments in the Morris water maze task in rats. Redrobe JP et al 2000
• Similarities in the development of place and cue navigation by rats in a swimming pool. Brown RW et al 2000
• Vitamin E supplementation prevents spatial learning deficits and dendritic alterations in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Veinbergs I et al 2000
• NPS 1506 attenuates cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal neuron death following brain trauma in the rat. Leoni MJ et al 2000
• Acute administration of estrogen and progesterone impairs the acquisition of the spatial morris water maze in ovariectomized rats. Chesler EJ et al 2000
• Protective effect of Oren-gedoku-to (Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang) against impairment of learning and memory induced by transient cerebral ischemia in mice. Xu J et al 2000
• Behavioral deficits associated with dietary induction of decreased brain docosahexaenoic acid concentration. Moriguchi T et al 2000
• Subnecrotic stereotactic radiosurgery controlling epilepsy produced by kainic acid injection in rats. Maesawa S et al 2000
• Recovery of water maze performance in aged versus young rats after brain injury with the impact acceleration model. Maughan PH et al 2000
• Cognitive impairment and synaptosomal choline uptake in rats following impact acceleration injury. Schmidt RH et al 2000
• Isoflurane improves long-term neurologic outcome versus fentanyl after traumatic brain injury in rats. Statler KD et al 2000
• Effects of batroxobin on spatial learning and memory disorder of rats with temporal ischemia and the expression of HSP32 and HSP70. Wu W et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal stress on development in mice: maturation and learning. Meek LR et al 2000
• Endomorphin-2 but not Leu-enkephalin modulates spatial learning when microinjected in the CA3 region of the rat hippocampus. Sandin J et al 2000
• A novel nitrate ester reverses the cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine in the Morris water maze. Smith S et al 2000
• Differential participation of the NBM in the acquisition and retrieval of conditioned taste aversion and Morris water maze. Gonzalez CL et al 2000
• Protective effects of prenatal choline supplementation on seizure-induced memory impairment. Yang Y et al 2000
• Mice are not little rats: species differences in a one-day water maze task. Frick KM et al 2000
• Increased effectiveness of tacrine by deprenyl co-treatment in rats: EEG and behavioral evidence. Dringenberg HC et al 2000
• Behavioral insensitivity to restraint stress, absent fear suppression of behavior and impaired spatial learning in transgenic rats with hippocampal neuropeptide Y overexpression. Thorsell A et al 2000
• Is there an optimal age for recovery from motor cortex lesions? I. Behavioral and anatomical sequelae of bilateral motor cortex lesions in rats on postnatal days 1, 10, and in adulthood. Kolb B et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal dexamethasone on spatial learning and response to stress is influenced by maternal factors. Brabham T et al 2000
• Alzheimer's disease: more than a 'cholinergic disorder' - evidence that cholinergic-monoaminergic interactions contribute to EEG slowing and dementia. Dringenberg HC et al 2000
• BDNF protects against spatial memory deficits following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Almli CR et al 2000
• Neurobehavioral protection by the neuronal calcium channel blocker ziconotide in a model of traumatic diffuse brain injury in rats. Berman RF et al 2000
• Enoxaparin reduces brain edema, cerebral lesions, and improves motor and cognitive impairments induced by a traumatic brain injury in rats. Wahl F et al 2000
• Sex differences and estropausal phase effects on water maze performance in aged rats. Warren SG et al 2000
• Impaired memory consolidation in rats produced with beta-adrenergic blockade. Cahill L et al 2000
• The behavioral teratogenic potential of fenbendazole: a medication for pinworm infestation. Barron S et al 2000
• Genetic dissection of region associated with behavioral abnormalities in mouse models for Down syndrome. Sago H et al 2000
• Sexually dimorphic cognitive style, female sex hormones, and cortical nitric oxide. Kant L et al 2000
• Prenatal stress in rats: effects on plasma corticosterone, hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors, and maze performance. Szuran TF et al 2000
• Galanin regulates the postnatal survival of a subset of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. O'Meara G et al 2000
• Partial hippocampal inactivation: effects on spatial memory performance in aged and young rats. Poe GR et al 2000
• Neural and behavioral teratological evaluation of rats exposed to ultra-wideband electromagnetic fields. Cobb BL et al 2000
• Maternal deprivation affects behaviour from youth to senescence: amplification of individual differences in spatial learning and memory in senescent Brown Norway rats. Oitzl MS et al 2000
• Quantitative assessment of longitudinal metabolic changes in vivo after traumatic brain injury in the adult rat using FDG-microPET. Moore TH et al 2000
• Perinatal asphyxia results in changes in presynaptic bouton number in striatum and cerebral cortex-a stereological and behavioral analysis. Van de Berg WD et al 2000
• The effects of human corticotrophin releasing factor on motor and cognitive deficits after impact acceleration injury. Beaumont A et al 2000
• Effects of centrolateral or medial thalamic lesions on motor coordination and spatial orientation in rats. Jeljeli M et al 2000
• Use of osmotic minipumps for sustained drug delivery in rat pups: effects on physical and neurobehavioural development. Doucette TA et al 2000
• Effects of zinc on spatial reference memory and brain dopamine (D1) receptor binding kinetics in rats. Turner TY et al 2000
• Intrauterine methylmercury intoxication. Consequence of the inherent brain lesions and cognitive dysfunction in maturity. Kakita A et al 2000
• Impaired cognitive performance in ornithine transcarbamylase-deficient mice on arginine-free diet. D'Hooge R et al 2000
• Lifelong feeding of a high aluminum diet to mice. Golub MS et al 2000
• Lidocaine reversible inactivation of the median raphe nucleus has no effect on reference memory but enhances working memory versions of the Morris water maze task. Sarihi A et al 2000
• Environmental enrichment from birth enhances visual acuity but not place learning in mice. Prusky GT et al 2000
• D-amphetamine facilitation of morris water task performance is blocked by eticlopride and correlated with increased dopamine synthesis in the prefrontal cortex. Brown RW et al 2000
• Anterograde and retrograde memory for object discriminations and places in rats with perirhinal cortex lesions. Mumby DG et al 2000
• Prenatally protein-malnourished rats are less sensitive to the amnestic effects of medial septal infusions of chlordiazepoxide. Tonkiss J et al 2000
• No long-term benefit from hypothermia after severe traumatic brain injury with secondary insult in rats. Robertson CL et al 2000
• Hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of Davilla rugosa Poiret: effects on spontaneous motor activity and elevated plus-maze behavior. Guaraldo L et al 2000
• Circuit-specific alterations in hippocampal synaptophysin immunoreactivity predict spatial learning impairment in aged rats. Smith TD et al 2000
• Superior water maze performance and increase in fear-related behavior in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mouse together with monoamine changes in cerebellum and ventral striatum. Frisch C et al 2000
• Inhibition of neocortical plasticity during development by a moderate concussive brain injury. Fineman I et al 2000
• Behavior and brain uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose in mature and aged C57BL/6 mice. Uecker A et al 2000
• Age-related decline in water maze learning and memory in rats: strain differences. Wyss JM et al 2000
• Chronic prenatal exposure to paroxetine (Paxil) and cognitive development of mice offspring. Christensen HD et al 2000
• Spatial learning and long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in animals developmentally exposed to Aroclor 1254. Gilbert ME et al 2000
• Chroman amide 12P inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protection against learning and memory impairment. Vajragupta O et al 2000
• Cognitive impairment in old rats: a comparison of object displacement, object recognition and water maze. Luparini MR et al 2000
• Involvement of cortical damage in the ischemia/reperfusion-induced memory impairment of Wistar rats. Hong JT et al 2000
• The ketogenic diet inhibits epileptogenesis in EL mice: a genetic model for idiopathic epilepsy. Todorova MT et al 2000
• Systemic administration of the propargylamine CGP 3466B prevents behavioural and morphological deficits in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions in the substantia nigra. Andringa G et al 2000
• Evidence for a mate-attracting chemosignal in the dwarf African clawed frog Hymenochirus. Pearl CA et al 2000
• Brain localization and behavioral impact of the G-protein-gated K+ channel subunit GIRK4. Wickman K et al 2000
• Chronic marginal iron intakes during early development in mice alter brain iron concentrations and behavior despite postnatal iron supplementation. Kwik-Uribe CL et al 2000
• HIV- and FIV-derived gp120 alter spatial memory, LTP, and sleep in rats. Sanchez-Alavez M et al 2000
• Pentoxifylline improves learning and memory in glutamate-lesioned rats. Cunha GM et al 2000
• In two species, females exhibit superior working memory and inferior reference memory on the water radial-arm maze. Bimonte HA et al 2000
• Short-term behavioral and electrophysiological consequences of underwater trauma. Wang J et al 2000
• Behavioral effects of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Jolkkonen J et al 2000
• Modification of dopamine D(1) receptor knockout phenotype in mice lacking both dopamine D(1) and D(3) receptors. Karasinska JM et al 2000
• Longitudinal age-related changes in motor activities and spatial orientation in CD-1 mice. Joyal CC et al 2000
• Interstrain differences in cognitive functions in rats in relation to status epilepticus. Hort J et al 2000
• Behavioral effects of protein deprivation and rehabilitation in adult rats: relevance to morphological alterations in the hippocampal formation. Lukoyanov NV et al 2000
• A cautionary note regarding drug and brain lesion studies that use swimming pool tasks: partial reinforcement impairs acquisition of place learning in a swimming pool but not on dry land. Gonzalez CL et al 2000
• Spatial ability of XY sex-reversed female mice. Stavnezer AJ et al 2000
• Sexually dimorphic cognitive style in rats emerges after puberty. Kanit L et al 2000
• Antisense oligonucleotide sequences targeting the muscarinic type 2 acetylcholine receptor enhance performance in the Morris water maze. Galli RL et al 2000
• Two-generation reproduction and developmental neurotoxicity study with sodium chlorite in the rat. Gill MW et al 2000
• Boron neutron capture therapy of brain tumors: functional and neuropathologic effects of blood-brain barrier disruption and intracarotid injection of sodium borocaptate and boronophenylalanine. Yang W et al 2000
• Abnormal synaptic plasticity and impaired spatial cognition in mice transgenic for exon 1 of the human Huntington's disease mutation. Murphy KP et al 2000
• Social amnesia in mice lacking the oxytocin gene. Ferguson JN et al 2000
• Spatial learning in transgenic mice expressing human presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenes. Janus C et al 2000
• Chronic propranolol induces deficits in retention but not acquisition performance in the water maze in mice. Czech DA et al 2000
• Effects of glucose on scopolamine-induced learning deficits in rats performing the Morris water maze task. Okaichi Y et al 2000
• Radial arm maze performance in rats following gestational and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Seo BW et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal cocaine on Morris and Barnes maze tests of spatial learning and memory in the offspring of C57BL/6J mice. Inman-Wood SL et al 2000
• Rapid neurobehavioral analysis of Pfiesteria piscicida effects in juvenile and adult rats. Levin ED et al 2000
• Role of nociceptin systems in learning and memory. Noda Y et al 2000
• Antagonistic effect of pseudoginsenoside-F11 on the behavioral actions of morphine in mice. Li Z et al 2000
• Four weeks' inhalation exposure of Long Evans rats to 4-tert-butyltoluene: effect on evoked potentials, behaviour, and brain neurochemistry. Lam HR et al 2000
• Working memory deficits in BXSB mice with neocortical ectopias. Hyde LA et al 2000
• Spatial learning and memory deficits induced by exposure to iron-56-particle radiation. Shukitt-Hale B et al 2000
• Intracerebroventricular administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult rats affects analgesia and spontaneous behaviour but not memory retention in a Morris Water Maze task. Cirulli F et al 2000
• Postnatal intracerebroventricular administrations of NGF alter spatial memory in adulthood. Brandner C et al 2000
• Individual and combined manipulation of muscarinic, NMDA, and benzodiazepine receptor activity in the water maze task: implications for a rat model of Alzheimer dementia. Cain DP et al 2000
• Conditional discrimination learning in rats with global ischaemic brain damage. Modo M et al 2000
• Impaired learning with enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation in PTPdelta-deficient mice. Uetani N et al 2000
• Adult learning deficits after neonatal exposure to D-methamphetamine: selective effects on spatial navigation and memory. Vorhees CV et al 2000
• Ectopic noradrenergic hyperinnervation does not functionally compensate for neonatal forebrain acetylcholine lesion. Pappas BA et al 2000
• Huperzine A improves cognitive deficits caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Wang LM et al 2000
• Galanin and spatial learning in the rat. Evidence for a differential role for galanin in subregions of the hippocampal formation. Schott PA et al 2000
• LPS-induced neuroinflammatory effects do not recover with time. Hauss-Wegrzyniak B et al 2000
• T-maze behaviour in broiler chicks is not sensitive to right-left preferences, test order or time-of-day. Marin RH et al 2000
• Spatial and associative learning deficits induced by neonatal excitotoxic hippocampal damage in rats: further evaluation of an animal model of schizophrenia. Le Pen G et al 2000
• Spatial learning on the Morris Water Maze Test after a short-term paradoxical sleep deprivation in the rat. Beaulieu I et al 2000
• Quinolinic acid released from polymeric brain implants causes behavioral and neuroanatomical alterations in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. Haik KL et al 2000
• Is the mineralocorticoid receptor in Brown Norway rats constitutively active? Marissal-Arvy N et al 2000
• Inhibition of activity-dependent arc protein expression in the rat hippocampus impairs the maintenance of long-term potentiation and the consolidation of long-term memory. Guzowski JF et al 2000
• Supplementation with L-histidine during dietary zinc repletion improves short-term memory in zinc-restricted young adult male rats. Keller KA et al 2000
• Activity-dependent neurotrophic factor: intranasal administration of femtomolar-acting peptides improve performance in a water maze. Gozes I et al 2000
• Effect of batroxobin on expression of c-Jun in left temporal ischemic rats with spatial learning and memory disorder. Wu W et al 2000
• Agastache mexicana may produce anxiogenic-like actions in the male rat. Molina-Hernandez M et al 2000
• [Behavior characterization of a model of Huntington's disease in rats, induced by quinolinic acid] Francis L et al 2000
• The effect of steroid sulfatase inhibition on learning and spatial memory. Johnson DA et al 2000
• Spatial learning affects immature granule cell survival in adult rat dentate gyrus. Ambrogini P et al 2000
• Protein phosphatase-1 regulation in the induction of long-term potentiation: heterogeneous molecular mechanisms. Allen PB et al 2000
• A single high dose of dizocilpine produces long-lasting impairment of the water maze performance in adult rats. Lukoyanov NV et al 2000
• Involvement of the hippocampus and associative parietal cortex in the use of proximal and distal landmarks for navigation. Save E et al 2000
• Disconnecting hippocampal projections to the anterior thalamus produces deficits on tests of spatial memory in rats. Warburton EC et al 2000
• Inhalation of low concentrations of toluene induces persistent effects on a learning retention task, beam-walk performance, and cerebrocortical size in the rat. von Euler M et al 2000
• Suppression of neurocognitive damage in LP-BM5-infected mice with a targeted deletion of the TNF-alpha gene. Iida R et al 2000
• Hippocampal anatomy and water maze performance are affected by neonatal cryoanesthesia in rats of both sexes. Nunez JL et al 2000
• Strain-dependent differences in LTP and hippocampus-dependent memory in inbred mice. Nguyen PV et al 2000
• D2 dopamine receptor blockade immediately post-training enhances retention in hidden and visible platform versions of the water maze. Setlow B et al 2000
• Prenatal exposure to anti-HIV drugs. long-term neurobehavioral effects of lamivudine (3TC) in CD-1 mice. Calamandrei G et al 2000
• Comparison of neurobehavioral changes in three inbred strains of mice prenatally exposed to methylmercury. Kim CY et al 2000
• Anticholinergic effects in frogs in a Morris water maze analog. Bilbo SD et al 2000
• Corticosterone effects on BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Implications for memory formation. Schaaf MJ et al 2000
• Early exclusive use of the affected forelimb after moderate transient focal ischemia in rats : functional and anatomic outcome. Bland ST et al 2000
• Non-spatial water radial-arm maze learning in mice. Hyde LA et al 2000
• Learning deficiency and alterations in acetylcholine receptors and protein kinase C in the brain of senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM)-P10. Okuma Y et al 2000
• Positive and negative modulation of the GABA(A) receptor and outcome after traumatic brain injury in rats. O'Dell DM et al 2000
• Impaired acquisition of a Morris water maze task following selective destruction of cerebellar purkinje cells with OX7-saporin. Gandhi CC et al 2000
• Rats alternate on a dry-land but not swimming-pool (Morris task) place task: implications for spatial processing. Whishaw IQ et al 2000
• Behavioral effects of transient cerebral ischemia. Briones TL et al 2000
• Effects of environment on enhancing functional plasticity following cerebral ischemia. Briones TL et al 2000
• Diets containing long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affect behaviour differently during development than ageing in mice. Carrie I et al 2000
• Learning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: interaction of diabetes and ageing. Kamal A et al 2000
• Humans with traumatic brain injuries show place-learning deficits in computer-generated virtual space. Skelton RW et al 2000
• Long-term dysfunction following diffuse traumatic brain injury in the immature rat. Adelson PD et al 2000
• Preservation of the right atrial appendage improves reduced plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels after the maze procedure. Yoshihara F et al 2000
• Long-lasting behavioral alterations following a hypoxic/ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Balduini W et al 2000
• Bis(7)-tacrine, a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, reverses AF64A-induced deficits in navigational memory in rats. Liu J et al 2000
• Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: loss of pupillary reflex, visual impairment and retinal neurodegeneration. Davidson CM et al 2000
• Pre-training blocks the improving effect of tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine on spatial navigation performance in aged rats. Aura J et al 2000
• Effects of subdural haematoma on sensorimotor functioning and spatial learning in rats. Eijkenboom M et al 2000
• Recovery from early cortical damage in rats, VIII. Earlier may be worse: behavioural dysfunction and abnormal cerebral morphogenesis following perinatal frontal cortical lesions in the rat. Kolb B et al 2000
• Early postnatal ethanol exposure has long-term effects on the performance of male rats in a delayed matching-to-place task in the Morris water maze. Girard TA et al 2000
• P rats develop physical dependence on alcohol via voluntary drinking: changes in seizure thresholds, anxiety, and patterns of alcohol drinking. Kampov-Polevoy AB et al 2000
• Impairment of spatial memory and changes in astroglial responsiveness following loss of molar teeth in aged SAMP8 mice. Onozuka M et al 2000
• Conditionally immortalized, multipotential and multifunctional neural stem cell lines as an approach to clinical transplantation. Gray JA et al 2000
• Phospholipid supplementation reverses behavioral and biochemical alterations induced by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency in mice. Carrie I et al 2000
• Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction in Apoe(-/-) mice: possible role in behavioral and metabolic alterations. Raber J et al 2000
• Donepezil, a centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, alleviates learning deficits in hypocholinergic models in rats. Ogura H et al 2000
• Evaluation of neonatal exposure to cocaine on learning, activity, startle, scent marking, immobility, and plasma cocaine concentrations. Vorhees CV et al 2000
• The effect of 7-oxo-DHEA acetate on memory in young and old C57BL/6 mice. Shi J et al 2000
• Representation of actions in rats: the role of cerebellum in learning spatial performances by observation. Leggio MG et al 2000
• Anorexigenic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide intensifies fear reactions in rats. Kask A et al 2000
• Acute ethanol administration and transient ischemia: a behavioral and neuropathological study. McCrea S et al 2000
• Chronic methylphenidate treatment enhances water maze performance following traumatic brain injury in rats. Kline AE et al 2000
• LP-BM5 infection impairs spatial working memory in C57BL/6 mice in the Morris water maze. Lee B et al 2000
• Chronic stress induces impairment of spatial working memory because of prefrontal dopaminergic dysfunction. Mizoguchi K et al 2000
• Synaptic reorganization in the hippocampal formation of alcohol-fed rats may compensate for functional deficits related to neuronal loss. Lukoyanov NV et al 2000
• Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on spatial reference and working memory tasks. Santin LJ et al 2000
• The effects of combined lesions of the subicular complex and the entorhinal cortex on two forms of spatial navigation in the water maze. Oswald CJ et al 2000
• Quantification of swim patterns in the Morris water maze. Dalm S et al 2000
• A new model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy induced by electrical stimulation of the amygdala in rat. Nissinen J et al 2000
• Hippocampal kindled seizures impair spatial cognition in the Morris water maze. Gilbert TH et al 2000
• Cerebral oligaemia episode triggers free radical formation and late cognitive deficiencies. Heim C et al 2000
• Spatial learning induced changes in expression of the ryanodine type II receptor in the rat hippocampus. Zhao W et al 2000
• Two peptidergic drugs increase the synaptophysin immunoreactivity in brains of 6-week-old rats. Windholz E et al 2000
• The drug cerebrolysin and its peptide fraction E021 increase the abundance of the blood-brain barrier GLUT1 glucose transporter in brains of young and old rats. Gschanes A et al 2000
• Spatial working memory and hippocampal size across pregnancy in rats. Galea LA et al 2000
• Chronic [D-Ala2]-growth hormone-releasing hormone administration attenuates age-related deficits in spatial memory. Thornton PL et al 2000
• The preclinical pharmacological profile of WAY-132983, a potent M1 preferring agonist. Bartolomeo AC et al 2000
• Effects of the size of the morris water tank on spatial discrimination learning in the CFW1 mouse. van der Staay FJ et al 2000
• Repeated ECS and fluoxetine administration have equivalent effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Stewart CA et al 2000
• The anxiogenic-like effect of caffeine in two experimental procedures measuring anxiety in the mouse is not shared by selective A(2A) adenosine receptor antagonists. El Yacoubi M et al 2000
• [Deficits of Morris water maze learning in rats with striatal kainic acid lesions] Takahama S et al 2000
• Neurotoxicity of ethyl methacrylate in rats. Abou-Donia MB et al 2000
• Gender differences in the effect of rivastigmine on brain cholinesterase activity and cognitive function in rats. Wang RH et al 2000
• Mice lacking the cell adhesion molecule Thy-1 fail to use socially transmitted cues to direct their choice of food. Mayeux-Portas V et al 2000
• Intraseptal infusions of 8-OH-DPAT in the rat impairs water-maze performances: effects on memory or anxiety? Bertrand F et al 2000
• Nerve growth factor (NGF) augments cortical and hippocampal cholinergic functioning after p75NGF receptor-mediated deafferentation but impairs inhibitory avoidance and induces fear-related behaviors. Winkler J et al 2000
• Spontaneous spike-wave discharges in rat neocortex and their relation to behaviour. Gralewicz S et al 2000
• Sphingolipid biosynthesis by L-PDMP after rat MCA occlusion. Kubota M et al 2000
• Huperzine A ameliorates the impaired memory of aged rat in the Morris water maze performance. Ye JW et al 2000
• Haloperidol administered subchronically reduces the alcohol-deprivation effect in mice. Salimov RM et al 2000
• Perforant path stimulation in rats produces seizures, loss of hippocampal neurons, and a deficit in spatial mapping which are reduced by prior MK-801. Kelsey JE et al 2000
• Early androgen treatment decreases cognitive function and catecholamine innervation in an animal model of ADHD. King JA et al 2000
• Sex specific behavioural alterations in Mas-deficient mice. Walther T et al 2000
• Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats. Wang B et al 2000
• The effect of familiarity on distraction and single cue use after hippocampal damage. Holden JE et al 2000
• Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on focal brain contusions. Tinianow CL et al 2000
• An improved Morris water maze tracking algorithm for psychophysical studies. Barrett SF et al 2000
• Combined lesions of cholinergic and serotonergic neurons in the rat brain using 192 IgG-saporin and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine: neurochemical and behavioural characterization. Lehmann O et al 2000
• Water maze and radial maze learning and the density of binding sites of glutamate, GABA, and serotonin receptors in the hippocampus of inbred mouse strains. Zilles K et al 2000
• Rats with hippocampal damage are impaired on place learning in the water task when overtrained under constrained conditions. McDonald RJ et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the hippocampus: spatial behavior, electrophysiology, and neuroanatomy. Berman RF et al 2000
• A model of hippocampally dependent navigation, using the temporal difference learning rule. Foster DJ et al 2000
• Hippocampal mossy fibers and swimming navigation learning in two vole species occupying different habitats. Pleskacheva MG et al 2000
• Fatty acid mixture counters stress changes in cortisol, cholesterol, and impair learning. Yehuda S et al 2000
• Effects of subchronic methylphenidate hydrochloride administration on the locomotor and exploratory behavior of prepubertal mice. Carrey N et al 2000
• Multiple points of entry into a circular enclosure prevent place learning despite normal vestibular orientation and cue arrays: evidence for map resetting. Hynes CA et al 2000
• Effects of fetal septal grafts on memory and learning performance with hippocampal acetylcholine and choline metabolism in fimbria transected rats. Ipekoglu SZ et al 2000
• The effects of the 21-aminosteroid U-74389G on spatial orientation in rats after a cerebral oligemic episode and iron-induced oxidative stress. Heim C et al 2000
• Neurotrophic effects of Cerebrolysin in animal models of excitotoxicity. Veinbergs I et al 2000
• The novel compound LOE 908 attenuates acute neuromotor dysfunction but not cognitive impairment or cortical tissue loss following traumatic brain injury in rats. Cheney JA et al 2000
• Long term neurological and behavioral effects of graded perinatal asphyxia in the rat. Hoeger H et al 2000
• Age-related decrease in the Schaffer collateral-evoked EPSP in awake, freely behaving rats. Barnes CA et al 2000
• Effects of the novel NMDA receptor antagonist gacyclidine on recovery from medial frontal cortex contusion injury in rats. Smith JS et al 2000
• Enhanced visuospatial memory following intracerebroventricular administration of nerve growth factor. Brandner C et al 2000
• Conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts reverse age-associated memory impairments in rats. Hodges H et al 2000
• Increase in AMPA receptors in aged memory-impaired rats is not associated with increase in monoamine oxidase B levels. Andres N et al 2000
• Deficits in spatial learning and nicotinic-acetylcholine receptors in older, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Terry AV Jr et al 2000
• Modelling cognitive dysfunctions with bilateral injections of ibotenic acid into the rat entorhinal cortex. Eijkenboom M et al 2000
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factor administration after traumatic brain injury in the rat does not protect against behavioral or histological deficits. Blaha GR et al 2000
• Alteration of expression levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and haem oxygenase-2 messenger RNA in the hippocampi and cortices of young adult and aged cognitively unimpaired and impaired Long-Evans rats. Law A et al 2000
• Impaired spatial learning in aged rats is associated with loss of p75-positive neurons in the basal forebrain. Greferath U et al 2000
• Fmr1 knockout mouse has a distinctive strain-specific learning impairment. Dobkin C et al 2000
• N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit changes are associated with lead-induced deficits of long-term potentiation and spatial learning. Nihei MK et al 2000
• Transient spine density increases in the mid-molecular layer of hippocampal dentate gyrus accompany consolidation of a spatial learning task in the rodent. O'Malley A et al 2000
• Chronic treatment of old rats with donepezil or galantamine: effects on memory, hippocampal plasticity and nicotinic receptors. Barnes CA et al 2000
• Antisense DNA against calcineurin facilitates memory in contextual fear conditioning by lowering the threshold for hippocampal long-term potentiation induction. Ikegami S et al 2000
• Reorganization of the morphology of hippocampal neurites and synapses after stress-induced damage correlates with behavioral improvement. Sousa N et al 2000
• Effects of the non-pseudoautosomal region of the Y-chromosome on behavior in female offspring of two congenic strains of mice. Hoplight BJ et al 2000
• Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice are not more susceptible to the biochemical and memory deficits induced by nucleus basalis lesion. Puolivali J et al 2000
• Immunohistochemical and neurochemical correlates of learning deficits in aged rats. Stemmelin J et al 2000
• Overexpression of alpha2C-adrenoceptors impairs water maze navigation. Bjorklund M et al 2000
• Reference memory, anxiety and estrous cyclicity in C57BL/6NIA mice are affected by age and sex. Frick KM et al 2000
• Intrahippocampal cholinergic-rich transplants restore lead-induced deficits: a preliminary study in rats. Adhami VM et al 2000
• [Pharmacological properties of donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept), a drug for Alzheimer's disease] Ogura H et al 2000
• Functional reconstruction of the hippocampus: fetal versus conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts. Hodges H et al 2000
• Formaldehyde neurotoxicity in animal experiments. Pitten FA et al 2000
• Chlordiazepoxide-induced spatial learning deficits: dose-dependent differences following prenatal malnutrition. Tonkiss J et al 2000
• Effects of hypothermia and gender on survival and behavior after perinatal asphyxia in rats. Loidl CF et al 2000
• Conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts restore spatial learning in rats with lesions at the source of cholinergic forebrain projections cholinergic forebrain projections Conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts restore spatial leaming in rats with lesions at the source of cholinergic forebrain projections. Grigoryan GA et al 2000
• Effects-of fluoxetine on sensorimotor and spatial learning deficits following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Jolkkonen J et al 2000
• Transgenic approaches to model Alzheimer's disease. Sommer B et al 2000
• Nerve growth factor promoter driven neurotrophin-3 overexpression in the mouse and the protective effect of transgene on age-related behavioral deficits. Kaisho Y et al 1999
• Continuous blockade of brain mineralocorticoid receptors impairs spatial learning in rats. Yau JL et al 1999
• Pretraining prevents spatial learning impairment after saturation of hippocampal long-term potentiation. Otnaess MK et al 1999
• Choline supplementation during prenatal development reduces proactive interference in spatial memory. Meck WH et al 1999
• Long-term effects of neonatal seizures: a behavioral, electrophysiological, and histological study. Huang L et al 1999
• Brain insulin receptors and spatial memory. Correlated changes in gene expression, tyrosine phosphorylation, and signaling molecules in the hippocampus of water maze trained rats. Zhao W et al 1999
• Excitotoxic hippocampal lesions disrupt allocentric spatial learning in mice: effects of strain and task demands. Arns M et al 1999
• The effects of posterior parietal and posterior temporal cortical lesions on multimodal spatial and nonspatial competencies in rats. Tees RC et al 1999
• Retrograde amnesia and selective damage to the hippocampal formation: memory for places and object discriminations. Mumby DG et al 1999
• Early postnatal treatment with ACTH4-9 analog ORG 2766 improves adult spatial learning but does not affect behavioural stress reactivity. Horvath KM et al 1999
• Double dissociation of function within the hippocampus: a comparison of dorsal, ventral, and complete hippocampal cytotoxic lesions. Bannerman DM et al 1999
• Dissociating context and space within the hippocampus: effects of complete, dorsal, and ventral excitotoxic hippocampal lesions on conditioned freezing and spatial learning. Richmond MA et al 1999
• Neonatal 192 IgG-saporin lesions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons selectively impair response to spatial novelty in adult rats. Ricceri L et al 1999
• An experimental study of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction in an adult rat model. Yoneoka Y et al 1999
• Dentin bonding--state of the art 1999. Perdigao J et al 1999
• Role of an enriched environment on the restoration of behavioral deficits in Lurcher mutant mice. Caston J et al 1999
• The influences of sex, rearing environment, and neonatal choline dietary supplementation on spatial and nonspatial learning and memory in adult rats. Tees RC et al 1999
• Age-related behavioural deficits in transgenic mice expressing the HIV-1 coat protein gp120. D'hooge R et al 1999
• Selective discrimination learning impairments in mice expressing the human Huntington's disease mutation. Lione LA et al 1999
• Time course for recovery of water maze performance and central cholinergic innervation after fluid percussion injury. Schmidt RH et al 1999
• Effects on reproduction and fetal development of female rats treated subcutaneously with a surfactant, polyoxyethylene(10)nonylphenyl ether(NP-10), for 15 weeks. Aso S et al 1999
• Effects on growth of rat offspring born from dams treated subcutaneously with a surfactant, polyoxyethylene(10)nonylphenyl ether(NP-10), during lactational period. Aso S et al 1999
• The impact-acceleration model of head injury: injury severity predicts motor and cognitive performance after trauma. Beaumont A et al 1999
• Behavioral effects of apamin, a selective inhibitor of the SK(Ca)-channel, in mice and rats. van der Staay FJ et al 1999
• Progesterone in conjunction with estradiol has neuroprotective effects in an animal model of neurodegeneration. Vongher JM et al 1999
• The maternal separation paradigm and adult emotionality and cognition in male and female Wistar rats. Lehmann J et al 1999
• Gender differences in Morris water maze performance depend on task parameters. Roof RL et al 1999
• Corticosterone effects on BDNF mRNA expression in the rat hippocampus during morris water maze training. Schaaf MJ et al 1999
• Galanin and learning. Ogren SO et al 1999
• The role of nociceptin in cognition. Nabeshima T et al 1999
• Spatial working memory in rats: no differences between the sexes. Healy SD et al 1999
• The influences of rearing environment and neonatal choline dietary supplementation on spatial learning and memory in adult rats. Tees RC et al 1999
• Use of SHIRPA and discriminant analysis to characterise marked differences in the behavioural phenotype of six inbred mouse strains. Rogers DC et al 1999
• Running enhances neurogenesis, learning, and long-term potentiation in mice. van Praag H et al 1999
• Effects of combined postischemic hypothermia and delayed N-tert-butyl-alpha-pheylnitrone (PBN) administration on histopathologicaland behavioral deficits associated with transient global ischemia in rats. Pazos AJ et al 1999
• Effect of rivastigmine on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats. Bejar C et al 1999
• The effects of acute and chronic alcohol ingestion on outcome following multiple episodes of mild traumatic brain injury in rats. Biros MH et al 1999
• Role of norepinephrine in mediating stress hormone regulation of long-term memory storage: a critical involvement of the amygdala. Ferry B et al 1999
• The effects of neonatal choline dietary supplementation on adult spatial and configural learning and memory in rats. Tees RC et al 1999
• Metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated hippocampal phosphoinositide turnover is blunted in spatial learning-impaired aged rats. Nicolle MM et al 1999
• Validation of a controlled cortical impact model of head injury in mice. Hannay HJ et al 1999
• Milameline (CI-979/RU35926): a muscarinic receptor agonist with cognition-activating properties: biochemical and in vivo characterization. Schwarz RD et al 1999
• American ginseng extract reduces scopolamine-induced amnesia in a spatial learning task. Sloley BD et al 1999
• Plasma membrane ordering agent pluronic F-68 (PF-68) reduces neurotransmitter uptake and release and produces learning and memory deficits in rats. Clarke MS et al 1999
• Age-related working memory deficits in the allocentric place discrimination task: possible involvement in cholinergic dysfunction. Kikusui T et al 1999
• Facilitation of NMDAR-independent LTP and spatial learning in mutant mice lacking ryanodine receptor type 3. Futatsugi A et al 1999
• Learning impairment produced in rats by the cannabinoid agonist HU 210 in a water-maze task. Ferrari F et al 1999
• The effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation and valine on spatial learning and brain 5-HT metabolism. Youngblood BD et al 1999
• Application of the elevated plus-maze test in mice for evaluation of the content of honokiol in water extracts of magnolia. Kuribara H et al 1999
• Effects of ligustrazine, tanshinone II A, ubiquinone, and idebenone on mouse water maze performance. Liu XJ et al 1999
• Spatial learning deficit in dopamine D(1) receptor knockout mice. El-Ghundi M et al 1999
• Effects of apamin on memory processing of hippocampal-lesioned mice. Ikonen S et al 1999
• Cognitive changes and modified processing of amyloid precursor protein in the cortical and hippocampal system after cholinergic synapse loss and muscarinic receptor activation. Lin L et al 1999
• Overexpression of Bcl-2 is neuroprotective after experimental brain injury in transgenic mice. Nakamura M et al 1999
• Novel TRH analog improves motor and cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury in rodents. Faden AI et al 1999
• Can puzzle feeders be used as cognitive screening instruments? Differential performance of young and aged female monkeys on a puzzle feeder task. Watson SL et al 1999
• Disorientation combined with bilateral parietal cortex lesions causes path integration deficits in the water maze. Commins S et al 1999
• Influence of acute and repeated interleukin-2 administration on spatial learning, locomotor activity, exploratory behaviors, and anxiety. Lacosta S et al 1999
• Does pretraining spare the spatial deficit associated with anterior thalamic damage in rats? Warburton EC et al 1999
• The hippocampus is not necessary for a place response but may be necessary for pliancy. Day LB et al 1999
• Hippocampal involvement in spatial and working memory: a structural MRI analysis of patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe sclerosis. Abrahams S et al 1999
• Deletion of the ryanodine receptor type 3 (RyR3) impairs forms of synaptic plasticity and spatial learning. Balschun D et al 1999
• Intraventricular infusion of the histamine H(1) receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine improves maze performance and has anxiolytic-like effects in aged hybrid Fischer 344xBrown Norway rats. Hasenohrl RU et al 1999
• Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist attenuates regional neuronal cell death and cognitive dysfunction after experimental brain injury. Sanderson KL et al 1999
• Cognitive function following traumatic brain injury: effects of injury severity and recovery period in a parasagittal fluid-percussive injury model. Sanders MJ et al 1999
• Outcome of valve repair and the Cox maze procedure for mitral regurgitation and associated atrial fibrillation. Handa N et al 1999
• Reversible neural inactivation reveals hippocampal participation in several memory processes. Riedel G et al 1999
• Essential role for TrkB receptors in hippocampus-mediated learning. Minichiello L et al 1999
• A long-term stress exposure impairs maze learning performance in rats. Nishimura J et al 1999
• Contribution of GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors to the discriminative stimulus produced by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. Lobina C et al 1999
• Estrogen and NMDA receptor antagonism: effects upon reference and working memory. Wilson IA et al 1999
• Early-life seizures in rats increase susceptibility to seizure-induced brain injury in adulthood. Koh S et al 1999
• Systemic treatment with GPI 1046 improves spatial memory and reverses cholinergic neuron atrophy in the medial septal nucleus of aged mice. Sauer H et al 1999
• Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation. Joseph JA et al 1999
• Learning abilities, NGF and BDNF brain levels in two lines of TNF-alpha transgenic mice, one characterized by neurological disorders, the other phenotypically normal. Aloe L et al 1999
• Progressive and gender-dependent cognitive impairment in the APP(SW) transgenic mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. King DL et al 1999
• Long-term deprivation of oestrogens by ovariectomy potentiates beta-amyloid-induced working memory deficits in rats. Yamada K et al 1999
• Cognitive functions after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus: changes during silent period precede appearance of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Hort J et al 1999
• Myelination and behaviour of tenascin-C null transgenic mice. Kiernan BW et al 1999
• Early training may exacerbate brain damage after focal brain ischemia in the rat. Risedal A et al 1999
• Inducible nitric oxide synthase is an endogenous neuroprotectant after traumatic brain injury in rats and mice. Sinz EH et al 1999
• A necessity for MAP kinase activation in mammalian spatial learning. Selcher JC et al 1999
• Impaired learning and motor behavior in heterozygous Pafah1b1 (Lis1) mutant mice. Paylor R et al 1999
• Behavioural deficits during the acute phase of mild renal failure in mice. Al Banchaabouchi M et al 1999
• A behavioral analysis of the spatial learning deficit induced by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine) in the rat. Ahlander M et al 1999
• Behavioral responses to ethanol in rats perinatally exposed to low lead levels. Virgolini MB et al 1999
• Prenatal phenytoin exposure and spatial navigation in offspring: effects on reference and working memory and on discrimination learning. Schilling MA et al 1999
• Behavioral effects of flibanserin (BIMT 17). Borsini F et al 1999
• Colostrinin, a polypeptide isolated from early milk, facilitates learning and memory in rats. Popik P et al 1999
• The effects of nicotine on learning and memory: a neuropsychological assessment in young and senescent Fischer 344 rats. Attaway CM et al 1999
• Effects of prenatal low-dose beta radiation from tritiated water on learning and memory in rats and their possible mechanisms. Gao WM et al 1999
• Serotonin-dependent maintenance of spatial performance and electroencephalography activation after cholinergic blockade: effects of serotonergic receptor antagonists. Dringenberg HC et al 1999
• The neuroprotective glycine receptor antagonist GV150526 does not produce neuronal vacuolization or cognitive deficits in rats. Bordi F et al 1999
• The effects of adenosine ligands R-PIA and CPT on ethanol withdrawal. Gatch MB et al 1999
• Long-term voluntary ethanol consumption affects neither spatial nor passive avoidance learning, nor hippocampal acetylcholine release in alcohol-preferring rats. Fadda F et al 1999
• Effects of environmental enrichment on cognitive function and hippocampal NGF in the non-handled rats. Pham TM et al 1999
• Mild impairment of learning and memory in mice overexpressing the mSim2 gene located on chromosome 16: an animal model of Down's syndrome. Ema M et al 1999
• Korean red ginseng saponins with low ratios of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol saponin improve scopolamine-induced learning disability and spatial working memory in mice. Jin SH et al 1999
• Rat strain differences in response to galanin on the Morris water task. Gleason TC et al 1999
• Negative affect and voluntary alcohol consumption in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley rats. Pare AM et al 1999
• Previous training in the water maze: differential effects in NMRI and C57BL mice. Vicens P et al 1999
• Cognitive functioning is susceptible to the level of blood glucose. Donohoe RT et al 1999
• [Effect of prenatal stress on learning of rats in the Morris test] Aleksandrov AA et al 1999
• A behavioral and neuroanatomical assessment of an inbred substrain of 129 mice with behavioral comparisons to C57BL/6J mice. Balogh SA et al 1999
• Sex with knockout models: behavioral studies of estrogen receptor alpha. Rissman EF et al 1999
• Effects of age and sex on the water maze performance and hippocampal cholinergic fibers in rats. Lukoyanov NV et al 1999
• Prenatal hypoxia-ischemia alters expression and activity of nitric oxide synthase in the young rat brain and causes learning deficits. Cai Z et al 1999
• Differential activation of adenylyl cyclases by spatial and procedural learning. Guillou JL et al 1999
• Cognitive deficits in a genetic mouse model of the most common biochemical cause of human mental retardation. Zagreda L et al 1999
• 5-HT1B receptor knock-out mice exhibit increased exploratory activity and enhanced spatial memory performance in the Morris water maze. Malleret G et al 1999
• Attenuation of morphine tolerance and dependence in scopolamine-treated rats. Zhou H et al 1999
• In vitro and in vivo studies investigating possible antioxidant actions of nicotine: relevance to Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Linert W et al 1999
• Effects of mammillary body lesions on spatial reference and working memory tasks. Santin LJ et al 1999
• Effects of electrolytic lesions of the lateral pallidum on motor coordination, spatial learning, and regional brain variations of cytochrome oxidase activity in rats. Jeljeli M et al 1999
• Cognitive performance and biochemical markers in septum, hippocampus and striatum of rats after an i.c.v. injection of streptozotocin: a correlation analysis. Prickaerts J et al 1999
• Intrahippocampal grafts containing cholinergic and serotonergic fetal neurons ameliorate spatial reference but not working memory in rats with fimbria-fornix/cingular bundle lesions. Balse E et al 1999
• Differentiation and angiogenesis of central nervous system stem cells implanted with mesenchyme into ischemic rat brain. Fukunaga A et al 1999
• Cerebellar contribution to spatial event processing: characterization of procedural learning. Leggio MG et al 1999
• Bypassing spermiogenesis for several generations does not have detrimental consequences on the fertility and neurobehavior of offspring: a study using the mouse. Tamashiro KL et al 1999
• Blocking in the spatial domain with arrays of discrete landmarks. Biegler R et al 1999
• Sequential training in separate paradigms impairs second task consolidation and learning-associated modulations of hippocampal NCAM polysialylation. Murphy KJ et al 1999
• Developmental neurotoxicity after toluene inhalation exposure in rats. Hass U et al 1999
• Fetal and neonatal exposure to trimethylolpropane phosphate alters rat social behavior and emotional responsivity. Bekkedal MY et al 1999
• Latency to traverse a T-maze at 2 days of age and later adrenocortical responses to an acute stressor in domestic chicks. Marin RH et al 1999
• Dose- and age-dependent alterations in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, learning and memory, and thyroid hormones in 15- and 30-day old rats exposed to 1.25 or 12.5 PPM polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) beginning at conception. Provost TL et al 1999
• Working memory deficits induced by single but not repeated exposures to domoic acid. Clayton EC et al 1999
• Attenuation of ischemia-induced cellular and behavioral deficits by X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein overexpression in the rat hippocampus. Xu D et al 1999
• Importance of AMPA receptors for hippocampal synaptic plasticity but not for spatial learning. Zamanillo D et al 1999
• Simultaneous evaluation of spatial working memory and motivation by the allocentric place discrimination task in the water maze in rats. Kikusui T et al 1999
• [Mechanisms for formation and maintenance of synapses mediated by biogenic amines: pathogenesis and therapy of mental retardation and developmental disabilities by genetic and epigenetic factors] Okado N et al 1999
• Age-induced cognitive alterations in OF1 mice. Carrie I et al 1999
• Protective effect of acidic fibroblast growth factor against ischemia-induced learning and memory deficits in two tasks in gerbils. Li AJ et al 1999
• Global ischemia and behavioural deficits. Block F et al 1999
• Administration of prosaposin ameliorates spatial learning disturbance and reduces cavity formation following stab wounds in rat brain. Hozumi I et al 1999
• Complex behavioral strategy and reversal learning in the water maze without NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation. Hoh T et al 1999
• Contributions of the brain angiotensin IV-AT4 receptor subtype system to spatial learning. Wright JW et al 1999
• Impaired learning and memory and altered hippocampal neurodevelopment resulting from interleukin-2 gene deletion. Petitto JM et al 1999
• Characterization of learning and memory behaviors and the effects of metrifonate in the C57BL strain of mice. Ikonen S et al 1999
• Aging and corticosterone injections affect spatial learning in Fischer-344 X Brown norway rats. Hebda-Bauer EK et al 1999
• Lesions of the medial or lateral perforant path have different effects on hippocampal contributions to place learning and on fear conditioning to context. Ferbinteanu J et al 1999
• Behavioral changes in transgenic mice expressing both amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mutations: lack of association with amyloid deposits. Holcomb LA et al 1999
• Effects of nicotine on spatial learning in C57BL mice. Bernal MC et al 1999
• Tests used to assess the cognitive abilities of aged rats: their relation to each other and to hippocampal morphology and neurotrophin expression. McLay RN et al 1999
• Spatial cognitive performance after chronic focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Yonemori F et al 1999
• A mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in the CA1/CA2 subfield of the dorsal hippocampus is essential for long-term spatial memory. Blum S et al 1999
• Behavioral responses of C57BL/6, FVB/N, and 129/SvEMS mouse strains to traumatic brain injury: implications for gene targeting approaches to neurotrauma. Fox GB et al 1999
• Water maze performance is unaffected in artificially reared rats fed diets supplemented with arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Wainwright PE et al 1999
• No loss of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus of aged, behaviorally impaired rats. Nicolle MM et al 1999
• 5HT antagonists attenuate MK801-impaired radial arm maze performance in rats. Boast C et al 1999
• Deficit in selective and divided attention associated with cholinergic basal forebrain immunotoxic lesion produced by 192-saporin; motoric/sensory deficit associated with Purkinje cell immunotoxic lesion produced by OX7-saporin. Waite JJ et al 1999
• Learning and memory in rats gestationally and lactationally exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Seo BW et al 1999
• Effects of prenatal exposure to toluene on postnatal development and behavior in rats. Hougaard KS et al 1999
• Pfiesteria toxin and learning performance. Levin ED et al 1999
• Deficit in the water-maze after lesions in the anteromedial extrastriate cortex in rats. Espinoza S et al 1999
• BXSB mice can learn complex visual pattern discriminations. Hyde LA et al 1999
• In mice tonic estrogen replacement therapy improves non-spatial and spatial memory in a water maze task. Rissanen A et al 1999
• Reduced mastication stimulates impairment of spatial memory and degeneration of hippocampal neurons in aged SAMP8 mice. Onozuka M et al 1999
• Differential neurotrophic effects of apolipoprotein E in aged transgenic mice. Veinbergs I et al 1999
• Neural and behavioral effects of intracranial 192 IgG-saporin in neonatal rats: sexually dimorphic effects? Sherren N et al 1999
• Stress impairs performance in spatial water maze learning tasks. Holscher C et al 1999
• Learning and anxiety in angiotensin-deficient mice. Walther T et al 1999
• Effects of medial and lateral caudate-putamen lesions on place- and cue-guided behaviors in the water maze: relation to thigmotaxis. Devan BD et al 1999
• Disrupted allocentric but preserved egocentric spatial learning in transgenic mice with impaired glucocorticoid receptor function. Steckler T et al 1999
• Early postnatal treatment with peptide preparations influences spatial navigation of young and adult rats. Gschanes A et al 1999
• Prenatal stress reduces the effectiveness of the neurosteroid 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP to block kainic-acid-induced seizures. Frye CA et al 1999
• Neuroprotective effect of remacemide hydrochloride in a perforant pathway stimulation model of status epilepticus in the rat. Halonen T et al 1999
• Parallel information processing in the dorsal striatum: relation to hippocampal function. Devan BD et al 1999
• Effect of traumatic brain injury in mice deficient in intercellular adhesion molecule-1: assessment of histopathologic and functional outcome. Whalen MJ et al 1999
• Protective effects of pseudoginsenoside-F11 on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice and rats. Li Z et al 1999
• Environmental enrichment inhibits spontaneous apoptosis, prevents seizures and is neuroprotective. Young D et al 1999
• Genetic differences in spatial learning between Dark Agouti and Sprague-Dawley strains: possible correlation with the CYP2D2 polymorphism in rats treated neonatally with methamphetamine. Vorhees CV et al 1999
• Specific behavioral effects related to age and cerebral ischemia in rats. Andersen MB et al 1999
• Behavioral and neuroanatomical consequences of chronic ethanol intake and withdrawal. Lukoyanov NV et al 1999
• Synaptotagmin and synaptic transmission alterations in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Veinbergs I et al 1999
• Echocardiographic characterization of left ventricular diastolic properties in patients presenting for the maze procedure. Skubas NJ et al 1999
• Effects of chronic lead (Pb) exposure on neurobehavioral function and dopaminergic neurotransmitter receptors in rats. Ma T et al 1999
• Impairments in learning and memory accompanied by neurodegeneration in mice transgenic for the carboxyl-terminus of the amyloid precursor protein. Berger-Sweeney J et al 1999
• Consequences of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor blockade during status epilepticus in the developing brain. Mikati MA et al 1999
• Effect of nitric oxide synthesis inhibition on c-Fos expression in hippocampus and cerebral cortex following two forms of learning in rats: an immunohistochemistry study. Qiang M et al 1999
• Increased neurodegeneration during ageing in mice lacking high-affinity nicotine receptors. Zoli M et al 1999
• Characterization of learning and memory deficits in C57BL/6 mice infected with LP-BM5, a murine model of AIDS. Iida R et al 1999
• A partial agonist at strychnine-insensitive glycine sites facilitates spatial learning in aged rats. Popik P et al 1999
• Differential behavioural effects of chronic infusion of CRH 1 and CRH 2 receptor antisense oligonucleotides into the rat brain. Liebsch G et al 1999
• Permanent bilateral common carotid arterial ligation impairs visual but not auditory conditioned avoidance behavior in rats. Asakura W et al 1999
• Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus. van Praag H et al 1999
• Norepinephrine infused into the basolateral amygdala posttraining enhances retention in a spatial water maze task. Hatfield T et al 1999
• Involvement of the posteroventral caudate-putamen in memory consolidation in the Morris water maze. Setlow B et al 1999
• MK-801 improves retention in aged rats: implications for altered neural plasticity in age-related memory deficits. Norris CM et al 1999
• Effects of NGF, b-FGF, and cerebrolysin on water maze performance and on motor activity of rats: short- and long-term study. Valouskova V et al 1999
• Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the insular cortex disrupts taste aversion and spatial memory formation. Gutierrez H et al 1999
• Developmental effects of phenytoin may differ depending on sex of offspring. McCartney MA et al 1999
• Effects of ovarian hormones and environment on radial maze and water maze performance of female rats. Daniel JM et al 1999
• The neurosteroids DHEA and DHEAS may influence cognitive performance by altering affective state. Frye CA et al 1999
• Task-dependent effects of the antidepressant/antipanic drug phenelzine on memory. Parent MB et al 1999
• Lack of developmental neurotoxicity of MN rgp 120/HIV-1 administered subcutaneously to neonatal rats. Bussiere JL et al 1999
• Attenuation of scopolamine-induced deficits in navigational memory performance in rats by bis(7)-tacrine, a novel dimeric AChE inhibitor. Wang H et al 1999
• Differential modulation of lateral septal vasopressin receptor blockade in spatial learning, social recognition, and anxiety-related behaviors in rats. Everts HG et al 1999
• Effect of a novel prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor, JTP-4819, on spatial memory and on cholinergic and peptidergic neurons in rats with ibotenate-induced lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Shinoda M et al 1999
• Intravascular infusions of soluble beta-amyloid compromise the blood-brain barrier, activate CNS glial cells and induce peripheral hemorrhage. Su GC et al 1999
• Impaired allocentric spatial working memory and intact retrograde memory after thalamic damage caused by thiamine deficiency in rats. Mumby DG et al 1999
• Intra-hippocampal KN-62 hinders the memory of habituation acquired alone, but not simultaneously with a water-finding task. Wolfman C et al 1999
• Effects of oral administration of the competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, CGP 40116, on passive avoidance, spatial learning, and neuromotor abilities in mice. Hauben U et al 1999
• Central neuronal loss and behavioral impairment in mice lacking neurotrophin receptor p75. Peterson DA et al 1999
• One-year study of spatial memory performance, brain morphology, and cholinergic markers after moderate controlled cortical impact in rats. Dixon CE et al 1999
• Effects of prenatal zidovudine treatment on learning and memory capacities of preweanling and young adult mice. Calamandrei G et al 1999
• Cerebrolysin ameliorates performance deficits, and neuronal damage in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Masliah E et al 1999
• Estradiol facilitates performance as working memory load increases. Bimonte HA et al 1999
• Combined therapy affects outcomes differentially after mild traumatic brain injury and secondary forebrain ischemia in rats. Jenkins LW et al 1999
• Tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine fail to alleviate the water maze spatial navigation defect induced by hippocampal inactivation. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1999
• Hippocampal damage induced by carbon monoxide poisoning and spreading depression is alleviated by chronic treatment with brain derived polypeptides. Koroleva VI et al 1999
• Behavioural analysis and susceptibility to CNS injury of four inbred strains of mice. Royle SJ et al 1999
• Excitotoxic basolateral amygdala lesions potentiate the memory impairment effect of muscimol injected into the medial septal area. Spanis CW et al 1999
• Treatment with a polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents deleterious effects of Ro4-1284. Yehuda S et al 1999
• N-acetylserotonin, melatonin and their derivatives improve cognition and protect against beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity. Bachurin S et al 1999
• Food restriction reduces brain damage and improves behavioral outcome following excitotoxic and metabolic insults. Bruce-Keller AJ et al 1999
• Differential deficits in the Morris water maze following cytotoxic lesions of the anterior thalamus and fornix transection. Warburton EC et al 1999
• Sensitivity to cholinergic drug treatments of aged rats with variable degrees of spatial memory impairment. Stemmelin J et al 1999
• Ibotenate lesions of the hippocampus impair spatial learning but not contextual fear conditioning in mice. Cho YH et al 1999
• Improvement by nefiracetam of beta-amyloid-(1-42)-induced learning and memory impairments in rats. Yamada K et al 1999
• Borna disease virus-induced hippocampal dentate gyrus damage is associated with spatial learning and memory deficits. Rubin SA et al 1999
• Behavioral profiles displayed by rats in an elevated asymmetric plus-maze: effects of diazepam. Ruarte MB et al 1999
• Morris water maze analysis of 192-IgG-saporin-lesioned rats and porcine cholinergic transplants to the hippocampus. LeBlanc CJ et al 1999
• The effects of NMDA-induced retrohippocampal lesions on performance of four spatial memory tasks known to be sensitive to hippocampal damage in the rat. Pouzet B et al 1999
• Local inhibition of hippocampal nitric oxide synthase does not impair place learning in the Morris water escape task in rats. Blokland A et al 1999
• Protective effects of idebenone and alpha-tocopherol on beta-amyloid-(1-42)-induced learning and memory deficits in rats: implication of oxidative stress in beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in vivo. Yamada K et al 1999
• Synaptogenesis of mossy fibers induced by spatial water maze overtraining. Ramirez-Amaya V et al 1999
• Dentate gyrus-selective colchicine lesion and disruption of performance in spatial tasks: difficulties in "place strategy" because of a lack of flexibility in the use of environmental cues? Xavier GF et al 1999
• Exposing rats to a predator impairs spatial working memory in the radial arm water maze. Diamond DM et al 1999
• Delay-dependent impairment of a matching-to-place task with chronic and intrahippocampal infusion of the NMDA-antagonist D-AP5. Steele RJ et al 1999
• Survival and integration of transplanted postmitotic human neurons following experimental brain injury in immunocompetent rats. Philips MF et al 1999
• P-selectin blockade following fluid-percussion injury: behavioral and immunochemical sequelae. Grady MS et al 1999
• [Neurosteroids: behavioral aspects and physiological implications] Akwa Y et al 1999
• A selective dopamine D4 receptor antagonist, NRA0160: a preclinical neuropharmacological profile. Okuyama S et al 1999
• Lack of protection of monoamine oxidase B-deficient mice from age-related spatial learning deficits in the Morris water maze. Holschneider DP et al 1999
• Effects of nucleotides on learning and memory in a Morris water maze test in normal and basal forebrain-lesioned rats. Miyazaki S et al 1999
• Rats with low levels of brain docosahexaenoic acid show impaired performance in olfactory-based and spatial learning tasks. Greiner RS et al 1999
• Effects of unilateral entorhinal cortex lesion on retention of water maze performance. Glasier MM et al 1999
• Fragile X mouse: strain effects of knockout phenotype and evidence suggesting deficient amygdala function. Paradee W et al 1999
• The effects of subdural haematoma on spatial learning in the rat. Eijkenboom M et al 1999
• Reduced cerebrospinal fluid levels of alpha-secretase-cleaved amyloid precursor protein in aged rats: correlation with spatial memory deficits. Anderson JJ et al 1999
• Effects of an acidic fibroblast growth factor fragment analog on learning and memory and on medial septum cholinergic neurons in senescence-accelerated mice. Sasaki K et al 1999
• The effects of radiofrequency lesion or transection of the fimbria-fornix on latent inhibition in the rat. Pouzet B et al 1999
• Spatial learning deficits in rats after injection of vincristine into the dorsal hippocampus. Eijkenboom M et al 1999
• A novel role for receptor-associated protein in somatostatin modulation: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Van Uden E et al 1999
• No hippocampal neuron or synaptic bouton loss in learning-impaired aged beta-amyloid precursor protein-null mice. Phinney AL et al 1999
• Cerebral hypoperfusion yields capillary damage in the hippocampal CA1 area that correlates with spatial memory impairment. De Jong GI et al 1999
• Alpha2C-adrenoceptor overexpression disrupts execution of spatial and non-spatial search patterns. Bjorklund M et al 1999
• Neuroprotective effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in seizures during development. Tandon P et al 1999
• Brain dysfunction associated with an induction of nitric oxide synthase following an intracerebral injection of lipopolysaccharide in rats. Yamada K et al 1999
• Galanin inhibits performance on rodent memory tasks. McDonald MP et al 1998
• Erythropoietin prevents place navigation disability and cortical infarction in rats with permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Sadamoto Y et al 1998
• Perturbed dentate gyrus function in serotonin 5-HT2C receptor mutant mice. Tecott LH et al 1998
• Enhanced long-term potentiation and impaired learning in mice with mutant postsynaptic density-95 protein. Migaud M et al 1998
• Age-dependent sensitization to oxidative stress by dietary fatty acids. Barnes CJ et al 1998
• Small platform stress attenuates the anxiogenic effect of diazepam withdrawal in the plus-maze test. Pokk P et al 1998
• Place memory is intact in rats with perirhinal cortex lesions. Glenn MJ et al 1998
• Effects of lesions of thalamic intralaminar and midline nuclei and internal medullary lamina on spatial memory and object discrimination. Savage LM et al 1998
• The antagonistic effects of L-dopa and eserine on Al-induced neurobehavioral deficits in rats. Zheng YX et al 1998
• Continuous blockade of brain glucocorticoid receptors facilitates spatial learning and memory in rats. Oitzl MS et al 1998
• Intersession interval affects performance in the Morris Water Maze. Kanit L et al 1998
• Sexually dimorphic responses to neonatal basal forebrain lesions in mice: I. Behavior and neurochemistry. Arters J et al 1998
• Effect of traumatic brain injury on mouse spatial and nonspatial learning in the Barnes circular maze. Fox GB et al 1998
• Expression of BDNF and trkB as a function of age and cognitive performance. Croll SD et al 1998
• D-cycloserine, a partial NMDA receptor-associated glycine-B site agonist, enhances reversal learning, but a cholinesterase inhibitor and nicotine has no effect. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1998
• Downregulation of brain mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide treatment fails to alter spatial navigation in rats. Engelmann M et al 1998
• Sex differences in spatial learning and prefrontal and parietal cortical dendritic morphology in the meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Kavaliers M et al 1998
• Hippocampal lesions disrupt navigation based on cognitive maps but not heading vectors. Pearce JM et al 1998
• Genetics of alcoholism: rapid development of a new high-ethanol-preferring (HEP) strain of female and male rats. Myers RD et al 1998
• Spatial memory, habituation, and reactions to spatial and nonspatial changes in rats with selective lesions of the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex or the subiculum. Galani R et al 1998
• Modelling recovery of cognitive function after traumatic brain injury: spatial navigation in the Morris water maze after complete or partial transections of the perforant path in rats. Skelton RW et al 1998
• Status epilepticus causes long-term NMDA receptor-dependent behavioral changes and cognitive deficits. Rice AC et al 1998
• Hippocampal neuron and synaptophysin-positive bouton number in aging C57BL/6 mice. Calhoun ME et al 1998
• Individual differences in spatial memory and striatal ChAT activity among young and aged rats. Colombo PJ et al 1998
• Effects of posttraining intrahippocampal injections of platelet-activating factor and PAF antagonists on memory. Teather LA et al 1998
• Spatial memory deficits in patients with lesions to the right hippocampus and to the right parahippocampal cortex. Bohbot VD et al 1998
• Behavioral, physiological, and neuroendocrine stress responses and differential sensitivity to diazepam in two Wistar rat lines selectively bred for high- and low-anxiety-related behavior. Liebsch G et al 1998
• Minimal behavioral effects from moderate postnatal lead treatment in rats. Ferguson SA et al 1998
• Enhanced neocortical neural sprouting, synaptogenesis, and behavioral recovery with D-amphetamine therapy after neocortical infarction in rats. Stroemer RP et al 1998
• Learning and memory of rats after long-term administration of low doses of parathion. Ivens IA et al 1998
• Impaired spatial navigation learning in transgenic mice over-expressing heme oxygenase-1. Morgan D et al 1998
• Size- and scale-dependent chemical attraction contribute to an ontogenetic shift in sociality. Ratchford SG et al 1998
• Effects of bilateral electrolytic lesions of the medial nucleus accumbens on exploration and spatial learning. Thifault S et al 1998
• Null mutation of the prolactin receptor gene produces a defect in maternal behavior. Lucas BK et al 1998
• Prenatal gonadal steroids affect adult spatial behavior, CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell morphology in rats. Isgor C et al 1998
• Sex differences in the activational effect of ERalpha on spatial learning. Fugger HN et al 1998
• Posttraining estrogen and memory modulation. Packard MG et al 1998
• Long-term dietary strawberry, spinach, or vitamin E supplementation retards the onset of age-related neuronal signal-transduction and cognitive behavioral deficits. Joseph JA et al 1998
• Traumatic brain injury in the developing rat: effects of maturation on Morris water maze acquisition. Prins ML et al 1998
• Propylene glycol elicits anxiolytic-like responses to the elevated plus-maze in male mice. Lin HQ et al 1998
• Systemic administration of atipamezole, a selective antagonist of alpha-2 adrenoceptors, facilitates behavioural activity but does not influence short-term or long-term memory in trimethyltin-intoxicated and control rats. Niittykoski M et al 1998
• Spatial learning and hippocampal volume in male deer mice: relations to age, testosterone and adrenal gland weight. Perrot-Sinal TS et al 1998
• Neuroprotective concentrations of the N-methyl-D-aspartate open-channel blocker memantine are effective without cytoplasmic vacuolation following post-ischemic administration and do not block maze learning or long-term potentiation. Chen HS et al 1998
• The cerebellum in the spatial problem solving: a co-star or a guest star? Petrosini L et al 1998
• Comparison of intrastriatal injections of quinolinic acid and 3-nitropropionic acid for use in animal models of Huntington's disease. Shear DA et al 1998
• Impaired spatial learning after saturation of long-term potentiation. Moser EI et al 1998
• Distributed encoding and retrieval of spatial memory in the hippocampus. Moser MB et al 1998
• Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid reducing effect on ethanol intake: evidence in favour of a substitution mechanism. Agabio R et al 1998
• Multiple behavioral anomalies in GluR2 mutant mice exhibiting enhanced LTP. Gerlai R et al 1998
• A new continuous alternation task in T-maze detects hippocampal dysfunction in mice. A strain comparison and lesion study. Gerlai R et al 1998
• Neurobehavioral development, adult openfield exploration and swimming navigation learning in mice with a modified beta-amyloid precursor protein gene. Tremml P et al 1998
• Neuronal and behavioral differences between Mus musculus domesticus (C57BL/6JBy) and Mus musculus castaneus (CAST/Ei). Le Roy I et al 1998
• Cognitive dysfunction and histological findings in rats with chronic-stage contusion and diffuse axonal injury. Yamaki T et al 1998
• Psychomotor and spatial memory performance in aging male Fischer 344 rats. Shukitt-Hale B et al 1998
• Reduced K+ channel inactivation, spike broadening, and after-hyperpolarization in Kvbeta1.1-deficient mice with impaired learning. Giese KP et al 1998
• Deficits in memory tasks of mice with CREB mutations depend on gene dosage. Gass P et al 1998
• Enhanced hippocampal CA1 LTP but normal spatial learning in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase(A)-deficient mice. Jun K et al 1998
• Aging of glutamate receptors: correlations between binding and spatial memory performance in mice. Magnusson KR et al 1998
• NC-1900, a [pGlu4,Cyt6]AVP(4-9) analogue, facilitates the learning performance of rats on delayed nonmatching to sample task in Y-water maze. Hirano M et al 1998
• Alpha2C-adrenoceptor-overexpressing mice are impaired in executing nonspatial and spatial escape strategies. Bjorklund M et al 1998
• Behavioural assessment of mice lacking D1A dopamine receptors. Smith DR et al 1998
• Comparison of the behavior of the curly tail and CBA mouse on a neurologic scale. Briner W et al 1998
• Long-term monoamine depletion, differential recovery, and subtle behavioral impairment following methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Friedman SD et al 1998
• Selectively enhanced contextual fear conditioning in mice lacking the transcriptional regulator CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta. Sterneck E et al 1998
• Isoform-specific effects of human apolipoprotein E on brain function revealed in ApoE knockout mice: increased susceptibility of females. Raber J et al 1998
• Effects of synthetic (-)-huperzine A on cholinesterase activities and mouse water maze performance. Liu J et al 1998
• Stress and glucocorticoids impair retrieval of long-term spatial memory. de Quervain DJ et al 1998
• Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of O-alkynyloximes of tropinone and N-methylpiperidinone as muscarinic agonists. Xu R et al 1998
• Spatial learning and memory induce up-regulation of nitric oxide-producing neurons in rat brain. Zhang S et al 1998
• Learning upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid: a mechanism to facilitate encoding and circuit maintenance? Kesslak JP et al 1998
• Development of spatial memory and spatial orientation in preschoolers and primary school children. Lehnung M et al 1998
• Sustained sensory/motor and cognitive deficits with neuronal apoptosis following controlled cortical impact brain injury in the mouse. Fox GB et al 1998
• Prolonged severe hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in rats does not cause subtle brain damage. Carrillo P et al 1998
• Persistence of the interictal emotionality produced by long-term amygdala kindling in rats. Kalynchuk LE et al 1998
• A single pre-training glucose injection induces memory facilitation in rodents performing various tasks: contribution of acidic fibroblast growth factor. Li AJ et al 1998
• Toxicity of the styrene metabolite, phenylglyoxylic acid, in rats after three months' oral dosing. Ladefoged O et al 1998
• Spatial and discrimination learning in rodents infected with the nematode Strongyloides ratti. Braithwaite VA et al 1998
• Brain lesions and delayed water maze learning deficits after intracerebroventricular spermine. Conway EL et al 1998
• Water maze learning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: effects of insulin treatment. Biessels GJ et al 1998
• Dissociation between genes activated in long-term potentiation and in spatial learning in the rat. Richter-Levin G et al 1998
• Nicotine interacts with sex in affecting rat choice between "look-out" and "navigational" cognitive styles in the Morris water maze place learning task. Kanit L et al 1998
• Mice lacking ataxin-1 display learning deficits and decreased hippocampal paired-pulse facilitation. Matilla A et al 1998
• The modulation by neurosteroids of the scopolamine-induced learning impairment in mice involves an interaction with sigma1 (sigma1) receptors. Urani A et al 1998
• NC-1900, an active fragment analog of arginine vasopressin, improves learning and memory deficits induced by beta-amyloid protein in rats. Tanaka T et al 1998
• Differential roles of cerebellar cortex and deep cerebellar nuclei in learning and retention of a spatial task: studies in intact and cerebellectomized lurcher mutant mice. Hilber P et al 1998
• Effects of N-[2-(1-azabicyclo[3,3,0]octan-5-yl)ethyl]2-nitroaniline fumarate (SK-946), a novel cognition activator, on learning and memory in rodent models. Suzuki T et al 1998
• Effect of lead acetate on neurobehavioral development of rats. Mello CF et al 1998
• The effect of water maze spatial training on posterior parietal cortex transcallosal evoked field potentials in the rat. Beiko J et al 1998
• Firing characteristics of deep layer neurons in prefrontal cortex in rats performing spatial working memory tasks. Jung MW et al 1998
• Amelioration of spatial navigation and short-term memory deficits by grafts of foetal basal forebrain tissue placed into the hippocampus and cortex of rats with selective cholinergic lesions. Leanza G et al 1998
• The role and mechanisms of action of glucocorticoid involvement in memory storage. Sandi C et al 1998
• Septo-hippocampal cholinergic and neurotrophin markers in age-induced cognitive decline. Sugaya K et al 1998
• Molecular, Cellular, and Neuroanatomical Substrates of Place Learning. Silva AJ et al 1998
• Molecular, cellular, and neuroanatomical substrates of place learning. Silva AJ et al 1998
• Comparison of valproate and phenobarbital treatment after status epilepticus in rats. Bolanos AR et al 1998
• Hippocampal dynorphin B injections impair spatial learning in rats: a kappa-opioid receptor-mediated effect. Sandin J et al 1998
• Spatial learning and physical activity contribute to the induction of fibroblast growth factor: neural substrates for increased cognition associated with exercise. Gomez-Pinilla F et al 1998
• Behavioural, physiological and morphological analysis of a line of apolipoprotein E knockout mouse. Anderson R et al 1998
• Spatial memory under acute cold and restraint stress. Stillman MJ et al 1998
• [Effect of manganese on the growth and development of rat offspring] Zhang D et al 1998
• Attenuation of scopolamine-induced spatial learning impairments by an angiotensin IV analog. Pederson ES et al 1998
• Acute blockade of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors facilitates spatial learning in rats. Oitzl MS et al 1998
• AMPA receptor activation potentiated by the AMPA modulator 1-BCP is toxic to cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Yamada KA et al 1998
• Acute rise in corticosterone facilitates 5-HT(1A) receptor-mediated behavioural responses. Meijer OC et al 1998
• Acute and long-term behavioral correlates of underwater trauma--potential relevance to stress and post-stress syndromes. Richter-Levin G et al 1998
• Mild traumatic lesion of the right parietal cortex of the rat: selective behavioural deficits in the absence of neurological impairment. Hogg S et al 1998
• A characterization of performance by men and women in a virtual Morris water task: a large and reliable sex difference. Astur RS et al 1998
• Altered spatial learning and memory in mice lacking the mGluR4 subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptor. Gerlai R et al 1998
• Sulpiride infused into the nucleus accumbens posttraining impairs memory of spatial water maze training. Setlow B et al 1998
• Do early-life events permanently alter behavioral and hormonal responses to stressors? Anisman H et al 1998
• Maternal stress induces synaptic loss and developmental disabilities of offspring. Hayashi A et al 1998
• Hippocampal grafts of acetylcholine-producing cells are sufficient to improve behavioural performance following a unilateral fimbria-fornix lesion. Dickinson-Anson H et al 1998
• Spatial Memory and Learning in Transgenic Mice: Fact or Artifact? Wolfer DP et al 1998
• Sparing by rasagiline (TVP-1012) of cholinergic functions and behavior in the postnatal anoxia rat. Speiser Z et al 1998
• Involvement of GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors in the mediation of discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. Colombo G et al 1998
• Repeated neonatal phencyclidine treatment impairs performance of a spatial task in juvenile rats. Sircar R et al 1998
• The effects of gestational cocaine exposure on pregnancy outcome, postnatal development, cognition and locomotion in rats. Choi SJ et al 1998
• Ts1Cje, a partial trisomy 16 mouse model for Down syndrome, exhibits learning and behavioral abnormalities. Sago H et al 1998
• Propentofylline improves learning and memory deficits in rats induced by beta-amyloid protein-(1-40). Yamada K et al 1998
• Impaired short- and long-term memory in Ts65Dn mice, a model for Down syndrome. Escorihuela RM et al 1998
• The uterine environment enhances cognitive competence. Denenberg VH et al 1998
• Tetrahydroaminoacridine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, and D-cycloserine, a partial NMDA receptor-associated glycine site agonist, enhances acquisition of spatial navigation. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1998
• Sustained long term potentiation and anxiety in mice lacking the Mas protooncogene. Walther T et al 1998
• Embryonic entorhinal transplants partially ameliorate the deficits in spatial memory in adult rats with entorhinal cortex lesions. Zhou W et al 1998
• Moderate, long-term, alcohol consumption potentiates normal, age-related spatial memory deficits in rats. Baird TJ et al 1998
• Spatial learning and memory deficits induced by dopamine administration with decreased glutathione. Shukitt-Hale B et al 1998
• SCID mice with HIV encephalitis develop behavioral abnormalities. Avgeropoulos N et al 1998
• Long-term neuroprotection by benzodiazepine full versus partial agonists after transient cerebral ischemia in the gerbil [corrected] Schwartz-Bloom RD et al 1998
• Hyperglycemia increases neurological damage and behavioral deficits from post-traumatic secondary ischemic insults. Cherian L et al 1998
• Protection against developmental deficiencies by a lipophilic VIP analogue. Gozes I et al 1998
• Modulation of learning and neuronal membrane composition in the rat by essential fatty acid preparation: time-course analysis. Yehuda S et al 1998
• Cytokines and cognitive behavior. Gibertini M et al 1998
• Synaptic numbers across cortical laminae and cognitive performance of the rat during ageing. Wong TP et al 1998
• The effects of excitotoxic lesion of the medial prefrontal cortex on latent inhibition, prepulse inhibition, food hoarding, elevated plus maze, active avoidance and locomotor activity in the rat. Lacroix L et al 1998
• Basolateral amygdala lesions block the disruptive effects of long-term adrenalectomy on spatial memory. Roozendaal B et al 1998
• CYP2D1 polymorphism in methamphetamine-treated rats: genetic differences in neonatal mortality and effects on spatial learning and acoustic startle. Vorhees CV et al 1998
• The putative AMPA receptor antagonist, LY326325, produces anxiolytic-like effects without altering locomotor activity in rats. Kotlinska J et al 1998
• Androgenic neurosteroids: anti-seizure effects in an animal model of epilepsy. Frye CA et al 1998
• Effects of S-8510, a novel benzodiazepine receptor partial inverse agonist, on basal forebrain lesioning-induced dysfunction in rats. Abe K et al 1998
• Apamin improves spatial navigation in medial septal-lesioned mice. Ikonen S et al 1998
• Lateral ventricle injection of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin impairs long-term memory in a spatial memory task. Meiri N et al 1998
• Differential effects of ethanol on memory in adolescent and adult rats. Markwiese BJ et al 1998
• Unilateral hippocampal lesions in newborn and adult rats: effects on spatial memory and BDNF gene expression. van Praag H et al 1998
• Perirhinal cortex contributions to performance in the Morris water maze. Liu P et al 1998
• Characterization of Aplysia attractin, the first water-borne peptide pheromone in invertebrates. Painter SD et al 1998
• Males and females use different distal cues in a virtual environment navigation task. Sandstrom NJ et al 1998
• Genetically modified mice and cognition. Lipp HP et al 1998
• Reduced after-hyperpolarization in rat piriform cortex pyramidal neurons is associated with increased learning capability during operant conditioning. Saar D et al 1998
• Chronic administration of quinolinic acid in the rat striatum causes spatial learning deficits in a radial arm water maze task. Shear DA et al 1998
• Enzyme replacement therapy for murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII leads to improvements in behavior and auditory function. O'Connor LH et al 1998
• Finasteride blocks the reduction in ictal activity produced by exogenous estrous cyclicity. Frye CA et al 1998
• Rivastigmine, a brain-selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, ameliorates cognitive and motor deficits induced by closed-head injury in the mouse. Chen Y et al 1998
• Reactivity to novelty in cognitively-impaired and cognitively-unimpaired aged rats and young rats. Rowe WB et al 1998
• Reduced dorsal hippocampal glutamate release significantly correlates with the spatial memory deficits produced by benzodiazepines and ethanol. Shimizu K et al 1998
• Ipidacrine (NIK-247), a novel antidementia, rapidly enters the brain and improves scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats during the Morris water maze task. Onodera K et al 1998
• Behavioral effects of NBQX, a competitive antagonist of the AMPA receptors. Filliat P et al 1998
• Prenatal exposure to ethanol disrupts spatial memory: effect of the training-testing delay period. Matthews DB et al 1998
• Behavioral assessment of the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM P8 and R1). Markowska AL et al 1998
• Apolipoprotein-E deficiency results in an altered stress responsiveness in addition to an impaired spatial memory in young mice. Zhou Y et al 1998
• Twofold overexpression of human beta-amyloid precursor proteins in transgenic mice does not affect the neuromotor, cognitive, or neurodegenerative sequelae following experimental brain injury. Murai H et al 1998
• Electrolytic lesion of globus pallidus ameliorates the behavioral and neurodegenerative effects of quinolinic acid lesion of the striatum: a potential novel treatment in a rat model of Huntington's disease. Joel D et al 1998
• Effect of RGH-2716 on learning and memory deficits of young and aged rats in water-labyrinth. Paroczai M et al 1998
• The uterine environment enhances cognitive competence. Denenberg VH et al 1998
• Water version of the radial-arm maze: learning in three inbred strains of mice. Hyde LA et al 1998
• Dissociation of impairment between spatial memory, and motor function and emotional behavior in aged rats. Miyagawa H et al 1998
• Late behavioural and neuropathological effects of local brain irradiation in the rat. Hodges H et al 1998
• Cerebral morphology and functional sparing after prenatal frontal cortex lesions in rats. Kolb B et al 1998
• Characterization of perforant path lesions in rodent models of memory and attention. Kirkby DL et al 1998
• Pharmacological differentiation of classical and novel antipsychotics. Arnt J et al 1998
• 4-Hydroxynonenal, a product of lipid peroxidation, damages cholinergic neurons and impairs visuospatial memory in rats. Bruce-Keller AJ et al 1998
• Augmented neuronal death in CA3 hippocampus following hyperventilation early after controlled cortical impact. Forbes ML et al 1998
• Dissociable long-term cognitive deficits after frontal versus sensorimotor cortical contusions. Lindner MD et al 1998
• Adaptation of the fluid percussion injury model to the mouse. Carbonell WS et al 1998
• Spatial training and high-frequency stimulation engage a common pathway to enhance glutamate release in the hippocampus. Richter-Levin G et al 1998
• Septal lesions impair the acquisition of a cued place navigation task: attentional or memory deficit? Brandner C et al 1998
• Amygdala modulation of multiple memory systems: hippocampus and caudate-putamen. Packard MG et al 1998
• Testing the NMDA, long-term potentiation, and cholinergic hypotheses of spatial learning. Cain DP et al 1998
• Learning/memory impairments in rat offspring prenatally exposed to phenytoin. Tsutsumi S et al 1998
• Effects of the serotonin agonists 8-OH-DPAT, buspirone, and DOI on water maze performance. Kant GJ et al 1998
• Repeated acquisition of a spatial navigation task in mice: effects of spacing of trials and of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion. Klapdor K et al 1998
• Chronic corticosterone impairs memory performance in the Barnes maze. McLay RN et al 1998
• Ex vivo nerve growth factor gene transfer to the basal forebrain in presymptomatic middle-aged rats prevents the development of cholinergic neuron atrophy and cognitive impairment during aging. Martinez-Serrano A et al 1998
• Chronic cognitive deficits and amyloid precursor protein elevation after selective immunotoxin lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Lin L et al 1998
• Fornix lesions can facilitate acquisition of the transverse patterning task: a challenge for "configural" theories of hippocampal function. Bussey TJ et al 1998
• A comparison of visual- and response-generated cues in a spatial DMTS task for rats. Graham RB et al 1998
• Comparative study of behavioral development between high and low shuttlebox avoidance rats. Ohta R et al 1998
• An automated training device for pattern discrimination learning of group-housed gerbils. Meier M et al 1998
• Enhancement of spatial attention in nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor-knockout mice. Mamiya T et al 1998
• Autophosphorylation at Thr286 of the alpha calcium-calmodulin kinase II in LTP and learning. Giese KP et al 1998
• Beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35 in rat nucleus basalis induces behavioral dysfunctions, impairs learning and memory and disrupts cortical cholinergic innervation. Harkany T et al 1998
• Sex differences in the effects of frontal cortex injury: role of differential hormonal experience in early development. Forgie ML et al 1998
• Neurotoxic hippocampal lesions fail to impair reinstatement of an appetitively conditioned response. Fox GD et al 1998
• Long-term ethanol self-administration with repeated ethanol deprivation episodes changes ethanol drinking pattern and increases anxiety-related behaviour during ethanol deprivation in rats. Holter SM et al 1998
• Increased flexibility and selectivity in spatial learning of transgenic mice ectopically expressing the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in astrocytes. Wolfer DP et al 1998
• Comparing the effects of selective cingulate cortex lesions and cingulum bundle lesions on water maze performance by rats. Warburton EC et al 1998
• Stimulation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors facilitates spatial learning in rats. Puumala T et al 1998
• Facilitation of learning after lesions of the tuberomammillary nucleus region in adult and aged rats. Frisch C et al 1998
• LP-BM5 infection impairs acquisition, but not performance, of active avoidance responding in C57B1/6 mice. English JA et al 1998
• Mice with an aspartylglucosaminuria mutation similar to humans replicate the pathophysiology in patients. Jalanko A et al 1998
• Protective effects of moderate hypothermia on behavioral deficits but not necrotic cavitation following cortical impact injury in the rat. Dixon CE et al 1998
• Acute ethanol administration reduces the cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in rats. Janis LS et al 1998
• Global ischemic neuronal damage relates to behavioural deficits: a pharmacological approach. Block F et al 1998
• Dissociation between anxiolytic and hypomnestic effects for combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba, as opposed to diazepam. Hasenohrl RU et al 1998
• Neurobehavioral effects of chronic ingestion of Great Lakes chinook salmon. Pappas BA et al 1998
• Tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine stimulate acquisition of water maze spatial navigation in aged rats. Aura J et al 1998
• Memory for spatial location: role of the hippocampus in mediating spatial pattern separation. Gilbert PE et al 1998
• Antioxidant, OPC-14117, attenuates edema formation, and subsequent tissue damage following cortical contusion in rats. Mori T et al 1998
• [An experimental study on the effects of maternal hyperphenylalaninemia on the central nervous system and behavior of offspring rats] Garcia Vera C et al 1998
• Recovery of spatial performance in the Morris water maze following bilateral transection of the fimbria/fornix in rats. Hannesson DK et al 1998
• Intraseptal injections of 192 IgG saporin produce deficits for strategy selection in spatial-memory tasks. Janis LS et al 1998
• Neurotoxic dorsal CA1 lesions versus 4 VO ischaemic lesions: behavioural comparisons. Nunn JA et al 1998
• Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field affects rats' water-maze performance. Lai H et al 1998
• Reversal of ischemic-induced chronic memory dysfunction in aging rats with a free radical scavenger-glycolytic intermediate combination. de la Torre JC et al 1998
• Buspirone impaired acquisition and retention in avoidance tasks: involvement of the hippocampus. Liang KC et al 1998
• Correlates of photoreceptor rescue by transplantation of human fetal RPE in the RCS rat. Little CW et al 1998
• Dextromethorphan and dextrorphan in rats: common antitussives--different behavioural profiles. Dematteis M et al 1998
• Effects of nerve growth factor on brain glutathione-related enzymes from aged rats. Cruz-Aguado R et al 1998
• Lateralized fascia dentata lesion and blockade of one hippocampus: effect on spatial memory in rats. Czeh B et al 1998
• Glutamate antagonism during secondary deafferentation enhances cognition and axo-dendritic integrity after traumatic brain injury. Phillips LL et al 1998
• Baclofen infused in rat hippocampal formation impairs spatial learning. Arolfo MP et al 1998
• Second generation "peptoid" CCK-B receptor antagonists: identification and development of N-(adamantyloxycarbonyl)-alpha-methyl-(R)-tryptophan derivative (CI-1015) with an improved pharmacokinetic profile. Trivedi BK et al 1998
• Glucose minimally attenuates scopolamine-but not morphine-induced deficits on a water maze alternation task. Means LW et al 1998
• The influence of Cerebrolysin and E021 on spatial navigation of 24-month-old rats. Gschanes A et al 1998
• Reactivation of neuronal ensembles in hippocampal dentate gyrus during sleep after spatial experience. Shen J et al 1998
• Effect of the Cox maze procedure on the secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide. Kim KB et al 1998
• EGG phosphatidylcholine combined with vitamin B12 improved memory impairment following lesioning of nucleus basalis in rats. Masuda Y et al 1998
• The role of the hippocampus in solving the Morris water maze. Redish AD et al 1998
• Histological and behavioral protection by (-)-nicotine against quinolinic acid-induced neurodegeneration in the hippocampus. O'Neill AB et al 1998
• Fimbria-fornix vs selective hippocampal lesions in rats: effects on locomotor activity and spatial learning and memory. Cassel JC et al 1998
• Increased immunogold labelling of neural cell adhesion molecule isoforms in synaptic active zones of the chick striatum 5-6 hours after one-trial passive avoidance training. Skibo GG et al 1998
• Ameliorative effect of SA4503, a novel cognitive enhancer, on the basal forebrain lesion-induced impairment of the spatial learning performance in rats. Senda T et al 1998
• Effect of tryptophan restriction on short-term memory. Gonzalez-Burgos I et al 1998
• Spatial learning ability of rats following differing levels of exposure to alcohol during early postnatal life. Tomlinson D et al 1998
• Behavioral activity of angiotensin II after stimulation of L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway in rats. Holy Z et al 1998
• Neurobehavioral alteration in rodents following developmental exposure to aluminum. Alleva E et al 1998
• Neurosteroids: deficient cognitive performance in aged rats depends on low pregnenolone sulfate levels in the hippocampus. Vallee M et al 1997
• Spatial memory is related to hippocampal subcellular concentrations of calcium-dependent protein kinase C isoforms in young and aged rats. Colombo PJ et al 1997
• Performance by adult rats in sensory-mediated radial arm maze tasks is not impaired and may be transiently enhanced by chronic exposure to ethanol. Steigerwald ES et al 1997
• Effects of extended electrical kindling on exploratory behavior and spatial learning. Cammisuli S et al 1997
• Fractionating the nonspatial pretraining effect in the water maze task. Hoh TE et al 1997
• Disruption of spatial but not object-recognition memory by neurotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus in rats. Duva CA et al 1997
• Posttraining paradoxical sleep in rats is increased after spatial learning in the Morris water maze. Smith C et al 1997
• Involvement of mechanisms dependent on NMDA receptors, nitric oxide and protein kinase A in the hippocampus but not in the caudate nucleus in memory. Quevedo J et al 1997
• [Interstrain differences in the learning ability of 101/H and CBA mice in the water maze (the modified Morris test)] Lil'p IG et al 1997
• Persisting learning deficits in rats after exposure to Pfiesteria piscicida. Levin ED et al 1997
• Learning deficit in BDNF mutant mice. Linnarsson S et al 1997
• Interaction with demonstrator rats changes observer rats' affective responses to flavors. Galef BG Jr et al 1997
• Enhanced hemicholinium binding and attenuated dendrite branching in cognitively impaired acetylcholinesterase-transgenic mice. Beeri R et al 1997
• Effect of tetrahydroaminoacridine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, on cognitive performance following experimental brain injury. Pike BR et al 1997
• Recovery of spatial learning by grafts of a conditionally immortalized hippocampal neuroepithelial cell line into the ischaemia-lesioned hippocampus. Sinden JD et al 1997
• Effects of metrifonate on radial arm maze acquisition in middle-aged rats. Dachir S et al 1997
• Estrogen alleviates cognitive dysfunction following transient brain ischemia in ovariectomized gerbils. Kondo Y et al 1997
• A role for the Ras signalling pathway in synaptic transmission and long-term memory. Brambilla R et al 1997
• Subchronic treatment increases the duration of the cognitive enhancement induced by metrifonate. Riekkinen M et al 1997
• Effects of pivagabine on psychophysical performance and behavioural response in experimental models of stress. Scapagnini U et al 1997
• The effect of nonspatial water maze pretraining in rats subjected to serotonin depletion and muscarinic receptor antagonism: a detailed behavioural assessment of spatial performance. Beiko J et al 1997
• Neonatal handling and environmental enrichment effects on emotionality, novelty/reward seeking, and age-related cognitive and hippocampal impairments: focus on the Roman rat lines. Fernandez-Teruel A et al 1997
• Methods for detecting long-term CNS dysfunction after prenatal exposure to neurotoxins. Vorhees CV et al 1997
• Multiple kainic acid seizures in the immature and adult brain: ictal manifestations and long-term effects on learning and memory. Sarkisian MR et al 1997
• Spatial learning deficits in mice with a targeted glucocorticoid receptor gene disruption. Oitzl MS et al 1997
• Magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral analysis of immature rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus: pre- and postshunting observations. Del Bigio MR et al 1997
• The effects of age and dietary restriction on metabotropic glutamate receptors in C57B1 mice. Magnusson KR et al 1997
• Bilateral injections of amyloid-beta 25-35 into the amygdala of young Fischer rats: behavioral, neurochemical, and time dependent histopathological effects. Sigurdsson EM et al 1997
• Arecoline via miniosmotic pump improves AF64A-impaired radial maze performance in rats: a possible model of Alzheimer's disease. Bartolomeo AC et al 1997
• Intracerebroventricular infusion of the NMDA receptor-associated glycine site antagonist 7-chlorokynurenate impairs water maze performance but fails to block hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo. Bannerman DM et al 1997
• Rotation of water in the Morris water maze interferes with path integration mechanisms of place navigation. Moghaddam M et al 1997
• Reliability, distribution, and validity of age-related cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze. Lindner MD et al 1997
• Neonatal binge ethanol exposure using intubation: timing and dose effects on place learning. Goodlett CR et al 1997
• Altered NMDA sensitivity and learning following chronic developmental NMDA antagonism. Brooks WJ et al 1997
• Hippocampal synaptic plasticity: role in spatial learning or the automatic recording of attended experience? Morris RG et al 1997
• Memory reprocessing in corticocortical and hippocampocortical neuronal ensembles. Qin YL et al 1997
• Lisuride prevents learning and memory impairment and attenuates the increase in extracellular dopamine induced by transient global cerebral ischemia in rats. Caldwell MA et al 1997
• Cognitive impairment in spontaneously hypertensive rats: role of central nicotinic receptors. Part II. Gattu M et al 1997
• Assessing the effects of the 129/Sv genetic background on swimming navigation learning in transgenic mutants: a study using mice with a modified beta-amyloid precursor protein gene. Wolfer DP et al 1997
• Cognitive impairment in spontaneously hypertensive rats: role of central nicotinic receptors. I. Gattu M et al 1997
• Zonisamide as a neuroprotective agent in an adult gerbil model of global forebrain ischemia: a histological, in vivo microdialysis and behavioral study. Owen AJ et al 1997
• Impaired place learning and unimpaired cue learning in hippocampal-lesioned pigeons. Fremouw T et al 1997
• Object-recognition and spatial learning and memory in rats prenatally exposed to ethanol. Kim CK et al 1997
• Systemic administration of atipamezole, an alpha 2-antagonist, can reduce scopolamine-induced hyperactivity in rats. Niittykoski M et al 1997
• Disruption of a single allele of the nerve growth factor gene results in atrophy of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and memory deficits. Chen KS et al 1997
• ABT-089 [2-methyl-3-(2-(S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy)pyridine dihydrochloride]: II. A novel cholinergic channel modulator with effects on cognitive performance in rats and monkeys. Decker MW et al 1997
• Assessment of learning by the Morris water task and fear conditioning in inbred mouse strains and F1 hybrids: implications of genetic background for single gene mutations and quantitative trait loci analyses. Owen EH et al 1997
• Distribution and levels of [125I]IGF-I, [125I]IGF-II and [125I]insulin receptor binding sites in the hippocampus of aged memory-unimpaired and -impaired rats. Dore S et al 1997
• Motor and cognitive deficits in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice after closed head injury. Chen Y et al 1997
• [Ameliorating effects of dan-shen and its major ingredient calcium/magnesium lithospermate B on cognitive deficiencies in senescence-accelerated mouse] Nomura Y et al 1997
• Central administration of IL-1 reduces anxiety and induces sickness behaviour in rats. Montkowski A et al 1997
• [An animal model of non-hereditary Alzheimer's disease and its behavioral and pathologic changes] Li L et al 1997
• [The neuroethological basis of learning and memory decline in aged rats] Ke ZJ et al 1997
• Intra-hippocampal estradiol infusion enhances memory in ovariectomized rats. Packard MG et al 1997
• Cerebrovascular hypoperfusion: a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease? Animal model and postmortem human studies. De Jong GI et al 1997
• Developmental lead exposure causes spatial learning deficits in adult rats. Kuhlmann AC et al 1997
• 3-[2,4-Dimethoxybenzylidene]anabaseine (DMXB) selectively activates rat alpha7 receptors and improves memory-related behaviors in a mecamylamine-sensitive manner. Meyer EM et al 1997
• Late memory-related genes in the hippocampus revealed by RNA fingerprinting. Cavallaro S et al 1997
• Shift in the performance of 24-month-old Wistar rats in the Morris water escape task: a comparison across 36 experiments. van der Staay FJ et al 1997
• Cerebellar contribution to spatial event processing: right/left discrimination abilities in rats. Molinari M et al 1997
• The role of nasal chemical senses in garter snake response to airborne odor cues from prey. Halpern M et al 1997
• Morris water maze deficits in rats following traumatic brain injury: lateral controlled cortical impact. Scheff SW et al 1997
• Posttraining estradiol injections enhance memory in ovariectomized rats: cholinergic blockade and synergism. Packard MG et al 1997
• The flexible use of multiple cue relationships in spatial navigation: a comparison of water maze performance following hippocampal, medial septal, prefrontal cortex, or posterior parietal cortex lesions. Compton DM et al 1997
• Ultrastructural synaptic correlates of spatial learning in rat hippocampus. Rusakov DA et al 1997
• Comparison of NADPH diaphorase histochemistry, somatostatin immunohistochemistry, and silver impregnation in detecting structural and functional impairment in experimental status epilepticus. Kotti T et al 1997
• Development of spatial navigation following prenatal cocaine and malnutrition in rats: lack of additive effects. Tonkiss J et al 1997
• Behavioral estimates of absolute visual threshold in mice. Herreros de Tejada P et al 1997
• The GABA(B) receptor antagonist CGP36742 attenuates the baclofen- and scopolamine-induced deficit in Morris water maze task in rats. Nakagawa Y et al 1997
• Remacemide hydrochloride reduces cortical lesion volume following brain trauma in the rat. Smith DH et al 1997
• Path integration by swimming rats Benhamou S et al 1997
• The medial supramammillary nucleus, spatial learning and the frequency of hippocampal theta activity. Pan WX et al 1997
• Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by permanent internal carotid ligation produces learning impairment without brain damage in rats. Ohta H et al 1997
• Neurotoxic consequences of central long-term administration of interleukin-2 in rats. Hanisch UK et al 1997
• Effect of increased maternal corticosterone during lactation on hippocampal corticosteroid receptors, stress response and learning in offspring in the early stages of life. Casolini P et al 1997
• Reversal of scopolamine-induced deficits in navigational memory performance by the seed oil of Celastrus paniculatus. Gattu M et al 1997
• Activating the posttraumatic cholinergic system for the treatment of cognitive impairment following traumatic brain injury. Pike BR et al 1997
• Lack of shuttlebox avoidance learning in autoimmune BXSB mice: a test of learned helplessness. Hyde LA et al 1997
• Abnormalities of sensory and memory functions in mice lacking Bsg gene. Naruhashi K et al 1997
• Multistability of cognitive maps in the hippocampus of old rats. Barnes CA et al 1997
• Effect of prior receptor antagonism on behavioral morbidity produced by combined fluid percussion injury and entorhinal cortical lesion. Phillips LL et al 1997
• Hippocampally dependent and independent chronic spatial navigational deficits following parasagittal fluid percussion brain injury in the rat. Bramlett HM et al 1997
• Behavioural performance in three substrains of mouse strain 129. Montkowski A et al 1997
• Comparison of site specific injections into the basal forebrain on water maze and radial arm maze performance in the male rat after immunolesioning with 192 IgG saporin. Dornan WA et al 1997
• Ketogenic diet: effects on expression of kindled seizures and behavior in adult rats. Hori A et al 1997
• Mice lacking metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 show impaired learning and reduced CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) but normal CA3 LTP. Lu YM et al 1997
• Posttraining injections of MK-801 produce a time-dependent impairment of memory in two water maze tasks. Packard MG et al 1997
• Comparison of the behavioral and morphological effects of colchicine- or neutral fluid-induced destruction of granule cells in the dentate gyrus of the rat. Schuster G et al 1997
• Effects of a single intraseptal injection of NGF on spatial learning in the water maze. Janis LS et al 1997
• Absence of central cholinergic deficits in ApoE knockout mice. Anderson R et al 1997
• Behavioral teratologic studies using microwave radiation: is there an increased risk from exposure to cellular phones and microwave ovens? Jensh RP et al 1997
• Long-term effects of cysteamine on cognitive and locomotor behavior in rats: relationship to hippocampal glial pathology and somatostatin levels. Justino L et al 1997
• The role of nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of thromboembolic stroke in the rat. Stagliano NE et al 1997
• Dissociable effects of selective lesions to hippocampal subsystems on exploratory behavior, contextual learning, and spatial learning. Good M et al 1997
• Disruption of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene in mice suggests roles for norepinephrine in motor function, learning, and memory. Thomas SA et al 1997
• Acute corticosterone replacement reinstates performance on spatial and nonspatial memory tasks 3 months after adrenalectomy despite degeneration in the dentate gyrus. McCormick CM et al 1997
• Double dissociation of hippocampal and dorsal-striatal memory systems by posttraining intracerebral injections of 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid. Packard MG et al 1997
• Nitric oxide is involved in the formation of learning and memory in rats: studies using passive avoidance response and Morris water maze task. Qiang M et al 1997
• The atypical antipsychotic profile of NRA0045, a novel dopamine D4 and 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptor antagonist, in rats. Okuyama S et al 1997
• Blind rats are not profoundly impaired in the reference memory Morris water maze and cannot be clearly discriminated from rats with cognitive deficits in the cued platform task. Lindner MD et al 1997
• Lesions of the posterior insular cortex impair water maze performance in the rat. Nerad L et al 1997
• Spatial learning activates neural cell adhesion molecule polysialylation in a corticohippocampal pathway within the medial temporal lobe. O'Connell AW et al 1997
• The effects of flumazenil, Ro 15-4513 and beta-CCM on the behaviour of control and stressed mice in the plus-maze test. Pokk P et al 1997
• Evidence for recovery of spatial learning following entorhinal cortex lesions in mice. Hardman R et al 1997
• Impaired learning and LTP in mice expressing the carboxy terminus of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein. Nalbantoglu J et al 1997
• GM1 ganglioside improves spatial learning and memory of aged rats. Fong TG et al 1997
• Cellular delivery of human CNTF prevents motor and cognitive dysfunction in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. Emerich DF et al 1997
• Ontogenetic differences in retention of spatial learning tested with the Morris water maze. Brown RW et al 1997
• Influence of dietary restriction on ionotropic glutamate receptors during aging in C57B1 mice. Magnusson KR et al 1997
• Long-term treatment of male F344 rats with deprenyl: assessment of effects on longevity, behavior, and brain function. Bickford PC et al 1997
• Differential effects of global ischemia on delayed matching- and non-matching-to-position tasks in the water maze and Skinner box. Nelson A et al 1997
• Intrahippocampal administration of lead (Pb) impairs performance of rats in the Morris water maze. Jett DA et al 1997
• Age-dependent effects of developmental lead exposure on performance in the Morris water maze. Jett DA et al 1997
• Nitric oxide synthase inhibition impairs spatial navigation learning and induces conditioned taste aversion. Prendergast MA et al 1997
• The effects of pentobarbital on spatial learning, motor coordination, and exploration. Beaudin S et al 1997
• Effects of stimulation of alpha 1-adrenergic and NMDA/glycine-B receptors on learning defects in aged rats. Riekkinen M et al 1997
• Flupirtine reduces functional deficits and neuronal damage after global ischemia in rats. Block F et al 1997
• Selective alteration of long-term potentiation-induced transcriptional response in hippocampus of aged, memory-impaired rats. Lanahan A et al 1997
• Effect of the maze procedure for atrial fibrillation on atrial and brain natriuretic peptide. Nakamura M et al 1997
• Comparison of effects of global cerebral ischaemia on spatial learning in the standard and radial water maze: relationship of hippocampal damage to performance. Nelson A et al 1997
• Response learning of rats in a Morris water maze: involvement of the medical prefrontal cortex. de Bruin JP et al 1997
• Spatial learning and memory at defined points of the estrous cycle: effects on performance of a hippocampal-dependent task. Berry B et al 1997
• Spatial and nonspatial learning across the rat estrous cycle. Warren SG et al 1997
• Experience-dependent facilitating effect of corticosterone on spatial memory formation in the water maze. Sandi C et al 1997
• Reciprocal changes in expression of mRNA for nerve growth factor and its receptors TrkA and LNGFR in brain of aged rats in relation to maze learning deficits. Hasenohrl RU et al 1997
• Failure in learning task and loss of cortical cholingergic fibers in microsphere-embolized rats. Takagi N et al 1997
• Behavioral symptoms in adult rats after postnatal L-nitro-arginine. Wortwein G et al 1997
• Effects of repeated disorientation on the acquisition of spatial tasks in rats: dissociation between the appetitive radial arm maze and aversive water maze. Dudchenko PA et al 1997
• Spatial disorientation blocks reliable goal location on a plus maze but does not prevent goal location in the Morris maze. Martin GM et al 1997
• Prenatal stress induces high anxiety and postnatal handling induces low anxiety in adult offspring: correlation with stress-induced corticosterone secretion. Vallee M et al 1997
• The effects of nerve growth factor on spatial recent memory in aged rats persist after discontinuation of treatment. Frick KM et al 1997
• Effects of the novel NMDA antagonists CP-98,113, CP-101,581 and CP-101,606 on cognitive function and regional cerebral edema following experimental brain injury in the rat. Okiyama K et al 1997
• Delayed administration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) attenuates cognitive dysfunction following parasagittal fluid percussion brain injury in the rat. McDermott KL et al 1997
• The effects of novel, selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)4 receptor ligands in rat spatial navigation. Fontana DJ et al 1997
• Long-term beneficial effects of BW619C89 on neurological deficit, cognitive deficit and brain damage after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Smith SE et al 1997
• Cognitive dysfunctions induced by scopolamine are reduced by systemic or intrahippocampal mineralocorticoid receptor blockade. Smythe JW et al 1997
• Different effects of tropisetron and ondansetron in learning and memory paradigms. Pitsikas N et al 1997
• The effect of several putative cognition enhancers on a water maze acquisition deficit produced by pCPA + scopolamine combination treatment. Harder JA et al 1997
• Effect of chronic treatment with piracetam and tacrine on some changes caused by thymectomy in the rat brain. Song C et al 1997
• Photothrombotic lesions of the rat cortex impair acquisition of the water maze. Rogers DC et al 1997
• Correlation between hippocampal neuronal damage and spatial learning deficit due to global ischemia. Block F et al 1997
• Prior non-spatial pretraining eliminates sensorimotor disturbances and impairments in water maze learning caused by diazepam. Cain DP et al 1997
• Evaluation of learning and memory dysfunction and histological findings in rats with chronic stage contusion and diffuse axonal injury. Yamaki T et al 1997
• Severe learning deficits in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice in a water maze task. Oitzl MS et al 1997
• Behavioral characterization of metrifonate-improved acquisition of spatial information in medial septum-lesioned rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1997
• The peripheral benzodiazepine receptor is a sensitive indicator of domoic acid neurotoxicity. Kuhlmann AC et al 1997
• Neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in apoE-deficient mice is ameliorated by infusion of recombinant apoE. Masliah E et al 1997
• Severe spatial navigation deficit in the Morris water maze after single high dose of neonatal x-ray irradiation in the rat. Czurko A et al 1997
• Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide-mediated disruption of hippocampal cAMP response element binding protein levels impairs consolidation of memory for water maze training. Guzowski JF et al 1997
• Effects of metrifonate on memory impairment and cholinergic dysfunction in rats. Itoh A et al 1997
• Effects of combined chronic nimodipine and acute metrifonate treatment on spatial and avoidance behavior. Riekkinen M et al 1997
• Spatial memory in transgenic mice with impaired glucocorticoid receptor function. Rousse I et al 1997
• Long-term ethanol treatment elicits changes in nicotinic receptor binding in only a few brain regions. Booker TK et al 1997
• Effects of cortical ectopias on spatial delayed-matching-to-sample performance in BXSB mice. Waters NS et al 1997
• Testing hypotheses of spatial learning: the role of NMDA receptors and NMDA-mediated long-term potentiation. Cain DP et al 1997
• Improvement of cognitive deficits and decreased cholinergic neuronal cell loss and apoptotic cell death following neurotrophin infusion after experimental traumatic brain injury. Sinson G et al 1997
• Effects of CDP-choline treatment on neurobehavioral deficits after TBI and on hippocampal and neocortical acetylcholine release. Dixon CE et al 1997
• Facilitation of cognitive performance in aged rats by past experience depends on the type of information processing involved: a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Dellu F et al 1997
• Glucocorticoid receptor agonist and antagonist administration into the basolateral but not central amygdala modulates memory storage. Roozendaal B et al 1997
• Embryonic transplantation and ischemic memory deficit. Masada T et al 1997
• Effect of a novel prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor, JTP-4819, on spatial memory and central cholinergic neurons in aged rats. Toide K et al 1997
• Behavioral recovery patterns in rats receiving the NMDA receptor antagonist MDL 100,453 immediately post-stroke. Markgraf CG et al 1997
• Tolerance develops to the spatial learning deficit produced by diazepam in rats. McNamara RK et al 1997
• HFS-induced long-term potentiation and LFS-induced depotentiation in area CA1 of the hippocampus are not good models for learning. Holscher C et al 1997
• Isolation impairs place preference conditioning to morphine but not aversive learning in mice. Coudereau JP et al 1997
• Studies on the influence of enriched-environment housing combined with systemic administration of an alpha2-adrenergic antagonist on spatial learning and hyperactivity after global ischemia in rats. Puurunen K et al 1997
• Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on hyperactivity and spatial memory deficits of rats exposed to neonatal anoxia. Dell'Anna E et al 1997
• Reduced cytochrome oxidase and memory dysfunction after chronic brain ischemia in aged rats. de la Torre JC et al 1997
• Neurobiology. Memory floxed. Morris RG et al 1997
• Disruption of the metallothionein-III gene in mice: analysis of brain zinc, behavior, and neuron vulnerability to metals, aging, and seizures. Erickson JC et al 1997
• Dorsal hippocampal muscarinic acetylcholine and NMDA receptors disrupt water maze navigation. Riekkinen M et al 1997
• Nicotine and D-cycloserine enhance acquisition of water maze spatial navigation in aged rats. Riekkinen M et al 1997
• Intact spatial learning and memory in transgenic mice with reduced BDNF. Montkowski A et al 1997
• SDZ ENA 713 facilitates central cholinergic function and ameliorates spatial memory impairment in rats. Ohara T et al 1997
• Orally active NGF synthesis stimulators: potential therapeutic agents in Alzheimer's disease. Yamada K et al 1997
• A novel prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor, JTP-4819, with potential for treating Alzheimer's disease. Toide K et al 1997
• Hippocampal lesions cause learning deficits in inbred mice in the Morris water maze and conditioned-fear task. Logue SF et al 1997
• Influence of lactation on motor activity and elevated plus maze behavior. Silva MR et al 1997
• Motor and cognitive functional deficits following diffuse traumatic brain injury in the immature rat. Adelson PD et al 1997
• Inhibition of reinforcing effects of morphine and motivational aspects of naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, memantine. Popik P et al 1997
• Pharmacological activity and safety profile of P10358, a novel, orally active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease. Smith CP et al 1997
• Bioactive lipids in excitatory neurotransmission and neuronal plasticity. Bazan NG et al 1997
• Basic fibroblast growth factor is highly neuroprotective against seizure-induced long-term behavioural deficits. Liu Z et al 1997
• Nerve growth factor treatment prevents dendritic atrophy and promotes recovery of function after cortical injury. Kolb B et al 1997
• Sleep deprivation by the "flower pot" technique and spatial reference memory. Youngblood BD et al 1997
• In vitro aggregation facilities beta-amyloid peptide-(25-35)-induced amnesia in the rat. Delobette S et al 1997
• Decrease in highly polysialylated neuronal cell adhesion molecules and in spatial learning during ageing are not correlated. Abrous DN et al 1997
• Place cells and place navigation. Bures J et al 1997
• Effect of hypothermia, dichloroacetate, and deferoxamine in the treatment for cortical edema and functional recovery after experimental cortical impact in the rat. Heegaard W et al 1997
• Antioxidant, OPC-14117, attenuates edema formation and behavioral deficits following cortical contusion in rats. Kawamata T et al 1997
• The effects of single and repeated episodes of thiamin deficiency on memory in alcohol-consuming rats. Homewood J et al 1997
• The surgical management of atrial fibrillation. Cox JL et al 1997
• The effects of lesions to thalamic lateral internal medullary lamina and posterior nuclei on learning, memory and habituation in the rat. Savage LM et al 1997
• Ameliorating effects of SDZ ENA 713 on age-associated decreases in learning performance and brain choline acetyltransferase activity in rats. Ohara T et al 1997
• Behavioural specificity of neocortical grafts of fetal basal forebrain tissue after unilateral lesion of the nucleus basalis with alpha-amino-3-OH-4-isoxozole propionic acid (AMPA). Abdulla FA et al 1997
• The neuropsychology of spatial cognition in the rat. Poucet B et al 1997
• Nociceptin/orphanin FQ microinjected into hippocampus impairs spatial learning in rats. Sandin J et al 1997
• Basolateral amygdala lesions block the memory-enhancing effect of glucocorticoid administration in the dorsal hippocampus of rats. Roozendaal B et al 1997
• Role of temporal summation in age-related long-term potentiation-induction deficits. Rosenzweig ES et al 1997
• Neonatal hippocampal damage in rats: long-term spatial memory deficits and associations with magnitude of hippocampal damage. Altemus KL et al 1997
• Selective immunolesions of hippocampal cholinergic input fail to impair spatial working memory. McMahan RW et al 1997
• Visuospatial abilities. Lalonde R et al 1997
• Spatial event processing. Molinari M et al 1997
• Ameliorative influence of a nootropic drug on motor activity of rats after bilateral carotid artery occlusion. Gschanes A et al 1997
• Arachidonic acid offsets the effects on mouse brain and behavior of a diet with a low (n-6):(n-3) ratio and very high levels of docosahexaenoic acid. Wainwright PE et al 1997
• Continuous infusion of beta-amyloid protein into the rat cerebral ventricle induces learning impairment and neuronal and morphological degeneration. Nitta A et al 1997
• Effects of penitrem A on rat's performances in passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests. Deschaux O et al 1997
• Effect of aging on the basal expression of c-Fos, c-Jun, and Egr-1 proteins in the hippocampus. Desjardins S et al 1997
• Effects of postoperative housing conditions on functional recovery in rats with lesions of the hippocampus, subiculum, or entorhinal cortex. Galani R et al 1997
• Postoperative environmental enrichment attenuates fimbria-fornix lesion-induced impairments in Morris maze performance. van Rijzingen IM et al 1997
• Spatial memory deficits in patients with unilateral damage to the right hippocampal formation. Abrahams S et al 1997
• Mildly impaired water maze performance in male Fmr1 knockout mice. D'Hooge R et al 1997
• Perinatal manganese exposure: behavioral, neurochemical, and histopathological effects in the rat. Pappas BA et al 1997
• Long-lasting neurobehavioral effects of prenatal exposure to xylene in rats. Hass U et al 1997
• Effects of sodium azide on motor activity, motor coordination, and learning. Lalonde R et al 1997
• The olfactory bulbectomized rat as a model of depression: an update. Kelly JP et al 1997
• Application of computer-controlled, real-time TV single-object tracking in behavioural biology and rehabilitation medicine. Kaminsky Y et al 1997
• Effects of combined nimodipine and metrifonate on rat cognition and cortical EEG. Jakala P et al 1996
• A simple computer based system to analyze Morris water maze trials on-line. Grossmann M et al 1996
• Mice lacking the 65 kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) maintain normal levels of GAD67 and GABA in their brains but are susceptible to seizures. Asada H et al 1996
• Ro 15-4513 potentiates, instead of antagonizes, ethanol-induced sleep in mice exposed to small platform stress. Pokk P et al 1996
• Postischemic administration of adenosine amine congener (ADAC): analysis of recovery in gerbils. Von Lubitz DK et al 1996
• Kindling of hippocampal field CA1 impairs spatial learning and retention in the Morris water maze. Gilbert TH et al 1996
• Comparison of site-specific injections into the basal forebrain on water maze and radial arm maze performance in the male rat after immunolesioning with 192 IgG saporin. Dornan WA et al 1996
• Sex-related differences in cortical function after medial frontal lesions in rats. Kolb B et al 1996
• Ontogeny of place learning in children as measured in the radial arm maze, Morris search task, and open field task. Overman WH et al 1996
• Sex differences in performance in the Morris water maze and the effects of initial nonstationary hidden platform training. Perrot-Sinal TS et al 1996
• Spatial learning and visual discrimination tests in hydrocephalic rat pups performed using the Morris water maze. Jones HC et al 1996
• FK960 N-(4-acetyl-1-piperazinyl)-p-fluorobenzamide monohydrate ameliorates the memory deficits in rats through a novel mechanism of action. Yamazaki M et al 1996
• Chronic administration of ORG 2766 for 6 months produces a subtle impairment in strategic learning by rats. Logan JA et al 1996
• Dopamine-glutamate interactions in the striatum: behaviourally relevant modification of excitotoxicity by dopamine receptor-mediated mechanisms. Garside S et al 1996
• Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on activity and learning in Sprague-Dawley rats. Westergren S et al 1996
• The effects of early postnatal stimulation on Morris water-maze acquisition in adult mice: genetic and maternal factors. Zaharia MD et al 1996
• Chronic, post-injury administration of D-cycloserine, an NMDA partial agonist, enhances cognitive performance following experimental brain injury. Temple MD et al 1996
• Dextromethorphan reduces functional deficits and neuronal damage after global ischemia in rats. Block F et al 1996
• Effects of midline and lateral cerebellar lesions on motor coordination and spatial orientation. Joyal CC et al 1996
• Spatial learning deficit in mice expressing human 751-amino acid beta-amyloid precursor protein. D'Hooge R et al 1996
• Regional and temporal modulation of brain glycoprotein synthesis by corticosterone. Venero C et al 1996
• Differential effects of lidocaine infusions into the ventral CA1/subiculum or the nucleus accumbens on the acquisition and retention of spatial information. Floresco SB et al 1996
• No evidence for involvement of angiotensin II in spatial learning in water maze in rats. Chalas A et al 1996
• The effect of continuous intraventricular infusion of L1 and NCAM antibodies on spatial learning in rats. Arami S et al 1996
• L-AP4 (L-(+)-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid) induced impairment of spatial learning in the rat is antagonized by MAP4 ((S)-2-amino-2-methyl-4-phosphonobutanoic acid). Holscher C et al 1996
• Age-dependent spatial memory deficits in transgenic mice expressing the human mid-sized neurofilament gene: I. Haroutunian V et al 1996
• Spatial learning in deer mice: sex differences and the effects of endogenous opioids and 60 Hz magnetic fields. Kavaliers M et al 1996
• Effects of captopril and propranolol on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in aged hypertensive rats. Skinner MH et al 1996
• Training in the Morris water maze occludes the synergism between ACPD and arachidonic acid on glutamate release in synaptosomes prepared from rat hippocampus. McGahon B et al 1996
• Dissociation of hippocampal and striatal contributions to spatial navigation in the water maze. Devan BD et al 1996
• Prenatal cocaine and/or nicotine exposure in rats: preliminary findings on long-term cognitive outcome and genital development at birth. Cutler AR et al 1996
• Of mice and mazes: similarities between mice and rats on dry land but not water mazes. Whishaw IQ et al 1996
• The Morris water-escape task in mice: strain differences and effects of intra-maze contrast and brightness. Klapdor K et al 1996
• Rats perform better on spatial than brightness delayed matching-to-sample water-escape due to an unlearned bias to use spatial cues. Means LW et al 1996
• A novel benzodiazepine inverse agonist, S-8510, as a cognitive enhancer. Kawasaki K et al 1996
• Dose-dependent suppression of adrenocortical activity with metyrapone: effects on emotion and memory. Roozendaal B et al 1996
• [The effect of prenatal "pain" and "emotional" stresses on the learning characteristics of rats] Vinogradova EP et al 1996
• Reduced hippocampal in vitro CA1 long-term potentiation in rat offsprings with increased circulating corticosterone during neonatal life. Domenici MR et al 1996
• 192 IgG-saporin lesion of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in neonatal rats. Pappas BA et al 1996
• Oxotremorine infusions into the medial septal area of middle-aged rats affect spatial reference memory and ChAT activity. Frick KM et al 1996
• Basolateral amygdala lesions block glucocorticoid-induced modulation of memory for spatial learning. Roozendaal B et al 1996
• Differential effects of selective immunotoxic lesions of medial septal cholinergic cells on spatial working and reference memory. Shen J et al 1996
• Anticholinergic effects on acquisition of place learning in the Morris water task: spatial mapping deficit or inability to inhibit nonplace strategies? Day LB et al 1996
• Bacterial alkaloids mitigate seizure-induced hippocampal damage and spatial memory deficits. Smith-Swintosky VL et al 1996
• An experimental model of closed head injury in mice: pathophysiology, histopathology, and cognitive deficits. Chen Y et al 1996
• The effects of intrahippocampal BDNF and NGF on spatial learning in aged Long Evans rats. Pelleymounter MA et al 1996
• Spatial memory impairment induced by lesion of the mesohippocampal dopaminergic system in the rat. Gasbarri A et al 1996
• In vitro autoradiography of ionotropic glutamate receptors in hippocampus and striatum of aged Long-Evans rats: relationship to spatial learning. Nicolle MM et al 1996
• Ethanol- and diazepam-induced cytochrome oxidase activity in mammillary bodies. Rubio S et al 1996
• Dopamine and sexual behavior in the male rabbit. Agmo A et al 1996
• Acquisition of a morris water maze task is impaired during early but not late withdrawal from morphine. Dougherty KD et al 1996
• Effects of beta-CCE on retention of aversively- and appetitively-motivated tasks in rats. Wichlinski LJ et al 1996
• Beneficial effects of sigma agonists on the age-related learning impairment in the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM). Maurice T et al 1996
• Preserved neuron number in the hippocampus of aged rats with spatial learning deficits. Rapp PR et al 1996
• Behavioral and neurochemical alterations caused by diet restriction--the effect of tyrosine administration in mice. Avraham Y et al 1996
• Long-term effects of excitatory amino acid antagonists NBQX and MK-801 on the developing brain. Tandon P et al 1996
• Recurrent seizures in immature rats: effect on auditory and visual discrimination. Neill JC et al 1996
• Effects of an electrolytic lesion of the prelimbic area on anxiety-related and cognitive tasks in the rat. Maaswinkel H et al 1996
• Use of proximal and distal cues in place navigation by mice changes during ontogeny. Chapillon P et al 1996
• Place learning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biessels GJ et al 1996
• Cerebellar contribution to spatial event processing: Morris water maze and T-maze. Petrosini L et al 1996
• Spatial memory disturbance after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Yonemori F et al 1996
• Repetitive and transient increases in hippocampal neural cell adhesion molecule polysialylation state following multitrial spatial training. Murphy KJ et al 1996
• Functional integrity of NMDA-dependent LTP induction mechanisms across the lifespan of F-344 rats. Barnes CA et al 1996
• Spatial learning and memory in calpastatin-deficient rats. Toth E et al 1996
• Spatial and nonspatial learning in mice: effects of S100 beta overexpression and age. Gerlai R et al 1996
• Effects of intrastriatal injections of platelet-activating factor and the PAF antagonist BN 52021 on memory. Packard MG et al 1996
• Scopolamine- and morphine-induced deficits in water maze alternation: failure to attenuate with glucose. Means LW et al 1996
• Deficient plasticity in the primary visual cortex of alpha-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mutant mice. Gordon JA et al 1996
• Ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the aged memory-impaired and unimpaired Long-Evans rat. Le Jeune H et al 1996
• Hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning in the rat: effects of GABAB receptor blockade. Brucato FH et al 1996
• Effects of neonatal lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system by 192 immunoglobulin G-saporin: biochemical, behavioural and morphological characterization. Leanza G et al 1996
• Learning impairment in transgenic mice with central overexpression of corticotropin-releasing factor. Heinrichs SC et al 1996
• Cognitive deficits in a murine model of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: a preliminary report. Middaugh LD et al 1996
• Effects of St-587 and prazosin on water maze and passive avoidance performance of scopolamine-treated rats. Puumala T et al 1996
• Combined pCPA and muscarinic antagonist treatment produces a deficit in rat water maze acquisition. Harder JA et al 1996
• Septal lesions impair rats' Morris test performance but facilitate left-right response differentiation. Noonan M et al 1996
• Short-term consumption of a diet rich in fat decreases anxiety response in adult male rats. Prasad A et al 1996
• Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus of fragile X knockout mice. Godfraind JM et al 1996
• Metrifonate improves spatial navigation and avoidance behavior in scopolamine-treated, medial septum-lesioned and aged rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1996
• Behaviour of the transgenic (mREN2)27 rat. Wilson W et al 1996
• Impairment of hippocampal mossy fiber LTD in mice lacking mGluR2. Yokoi M et al 1996
• Effects of the subacute administration of nefiracetam on abnormal behavior in aged rats. Hasegawa M et al 1996
• Contribution of egocentric spatial memory to place navigation of rats in the Morris water maze. Moghaddam M et al 1996
• Polymer-encapsulated genetically modified cells continue to secrete human nerve growth factor for over one year in rat ventricles: behavioral and anatomical consequences. Winn SR et al 1996
• Pretreatment but not posttreatment with GYKI 52466 reduces functional deficits and neuronal damage after global ischemia in rats. Block F et al 1996
• T-maze and food reinforcement: an inexpensive drug discrimination procedure. Colombo G et al 1996
• Influence of iron deficiency and lead treatment on behavior and cerebellar and hippocampal polyamine levels in neonatal rats. Adhami VM et al 1996
• Caloric restriction and spatial learning in old mice. Bellush LL et al 1996
• Memory and the effect of cold shock in the water maze in S100 beta transgenic mice. Roder JK et al 1996
• In vitro hippocampal dentate frequency potentiation induction as model to detect electrophysiological correlates of some cognitive impairments in striatally-lesioned rats. Domenici MR et al 1996
• Behavioral effects of prenatal exposure to pulsed-wave ultrasound in unanesthetized rats. Fisher JE Jr et al 1996
• Depletion of serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline in aged rats decreases the therapeutic effect of nicotine, but not of tetrahydroaminoacridine. Riekkinen M et al 1996
• Proposed animal neurosensitization model for multiple chemical sensitivity in studies with formalin. Sorg BA et al 1996
• Neuroprotection with felbamate: a 7- and 28-day study in transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils. Shuaib A et al 1996
• The polysialic acid modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule is involved in spatial learning and hippocampal long-term potentiation. Becker CG et al 1996
• Learning and memory in the autoimmune BXSB mouse: effects of neocortical ectopias and environmental enrichment. Boehm GW et al 1996
• Preservation of spatial learning in fyn tyrosine kinase knockout mice. Huerta PT et al 1996
• Chlordiazepoxide improves the performance of septal lesioned but not hippocampal lesioned animals in a Morris maze. Farber HT et al 1996
• Short intertrial intervals impair water maze performance in old Fischer 344 rats. Rick JT et al 1996
• Nitric oxide but not carbon monoxide is involved in spatial learning of mice. Toyoda M et al 1996
• Increased dendritic extent in hippocampal CA1 neurons from aged F344 rats. Pyapali GK et al 1996
• Differential effects of anterior and posterior insular cortex lesions on the acquisition of conditioned taste aversion and spatial learning. Nerad L et al 1996
• Behaviour laterality in male rats: influence of practice and stress. Santin LJ et al 1996
• Behavioral differences between outbred Wistar, inbred Fischer 344, brown Norway, and hybrid Fischer 344 x brown Norway rats. van der Staay FJ et al 1996
• The neuroscience of spatial navigation: focus on behavior yields advances. Cain DP et al 1996
• Spatial learning and hippocampal long-term potentiation are not impaired in mdx mice. Sesay AK et al 1996
• Long-term functional recovery from age-induced spatial memory impairments by nerve growth factor gene transfer to the rat basal forebrain. Martinez-Serrano A et al 1996
• Pharmacological studies of a novel prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor, JTP-4819, in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. Shinoda M et al 1996
• Posttraining intrahippocampal estradiol injections enhance spatial memory in male rats: interaction with cholinergic systems. Packard MG et al 1996
• Intact spatial learning in both young and aged rats following selective removal of hippocampal cholinergic input. Baxter MG et al 1996
• Maze procedures: the radial-arm and water maze compared. Hodges H et al 1996
• The effect of postinjury administration of polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (pegorgotein, Dismutec) or lidocaine on behavioral function following fluid-percussion brain injury in rats. Hamm RJ et al 1996
• Working memory deficits following traumatic brain injury in the rat. Hamm RJ et al 1996
• Contrasting effects of fetal CA1 and CA3 hippocampal grafts on deficits in spatial learning and working memory induced by global cerebral ischaemia in rats. Hodges H et al 1996
• Reduction of regional brain glucose metabolism following different durations of chronic ethanol consumption in mice: a selective effect on diencephalic structures. Bontempi B et al 1996
• Effects of embryo transfer and cortical ectopias upon the behavior of BXSB-Yaa and BXSB-Yaa + mice. Denenberg VH et al 1996
• Correlation between level of (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain phospholipids and learning ability in rats. A multiple generation study. Jensen MM et al 1996
• Selective effects of nerve growth factor on spatial recent memory as assessed by a delayed nonmatching-to-position task in the water maze. Markowska AL et al 1996
• The neurochemical and behavioral effects of beta-amyloid peptide(25-35). Chen SY et al 1996
• Long-term impoverished housing effects on Morris maze performance after a fimbria lesion. van Rijzingen IM et al 1996
• Changes in open field behavior, spatial memory, and hippocampal parvalbumin immunoreactivity following enrichment in rats exposed to neonatal anoxia. Iuvone L et al 1996
• Effects of chronic infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) in AF64A-lesioned rats. Fernandez CI et al 1996
• Biochemical and cognitive studies of apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice. Gordon I et al 1996
• Increased expression of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor messenger RNA in rat hippocampal formation is associated with aging and behavioral impairment. Stenvers KL et al 1996
• Comparison of the effects of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists WAY-100579 and ondansetron on spatial learning in the water maze in rats with excitotoxic lesions of the forebrain cholinergic projection system. Hodges H et al 1996
• [An aversive olfactory signal during the Y-maze learning of mice selected for greater or lesser brain weight] Kholmanskikh SS et al 1996
• Electroconvulsive shock and lidocaine reveal rapid consolidation of spatial working memory in the water maze. Bohbot V et al 1996
• Effects of intraseptal injection of 192-IgG-saporin in mature and aged Long-Evans rats. Bannon AW et al 1996
• Adverse effects of dextromethorphan on the spatial learning of rats in the Morris water maze. Bane A et al 1996
• Reduction of postischemic brain damage and memory deficits following treatment with the selective adenosine A1 receptor agonist. Von Lubitz DK et al 1996
• Effects of LY231617 and angiotensin IV on ischemia-induced deficits in circular water maze and passive avoidance performance in rats. Wright JW et al 1996
• Water escape performance of adult RCS dystrophic and congenic rats: a functional and histomorphometric study. DiLoreto D Jr et al 1996
• Deferoxamine improves spatial memory performance following experimental brain injury in rats. Long DA et al 1996
• Calpain inhibitor AK295 attenuates motor and cognitive deficits following experimental brain injury in the rat. Saatman KE et al 1996
• Effects of discrete kainic acid-induced hippocampal lesions on spatial and contextual learning and memory in rats. Stubley-Weatherly L et al 1996
• Memantine reduces functional and morphological consequences induced by global ischemia in rats. Block F et al 1996
• Effects of social isolation rearing on learning in the Morris water maze. Wongwitdecha N et al 1996
• Effects of combined block of alpha 1-adrenoceptors and NMDA receptors on spatial and passive avoidance behavior in rats. Riekkinen M et al 1996
• Effect of the novel high affinity choline uptake enhancer 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-(2,3-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b] quinolin-4-yl)acetoamide on deficits of water maze learning in rats. Bessho T et al 1996
• Effects of Alzene and tacrine on water maze reference and working memory function in medial septal-lesioned rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1996
• Effect of intraventricular injections of dihydro-beta-erythroidine (DH beta E) on spatial memory in the rat. Curzon P et al 1996
• Combined fetal neural transplantation and nerve growth factor infusion: effects on neurological outcome following fluid-percussion brain injury in the rat. Sinson G et al 1996
• Effects of nicotinamide on central cholinergic transmission and on spatial learning in rats. Koppen A et al 1996
• Tyrosine administration prevents hypoxia-induced decrements in learning and memory. Shukitt-Hale B et al 1996
• Acute and longer term effects of meso-2,3 dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on the behavior of lead-exposed and control mice. Stewart PW et al 1996
• Relationship between up-regulation of nicotine binding sites in rat brain and delayed cognitive enhancement observed after chronic or acute nicotinic receptor stimulation. Abdulla FA et al 1996
• Serotonin, aging and cognitive functions of the hippocampus. Richter-Levin G et al 1996
• Tiagabine prevents seizures, neuronal damage and memory impairment in experimental status epilepticus. Halonen T et al 1996
• Influence of a dietary alpha-linolenic acid deficiency on learning in the Morris water maze and on the effects of morphine. Frances H et al 1996
• Ciliary neurotrophic factor attenuates spatial cognition impairment, cortical infarction and thalamic degeneration in spontaneously hypertensive rats with focal cerebral ischemia. Kumon Y et al 1996
• Spatial learning alters hippocampal calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity in rats. Tan SE et al 1996
• Effects of dietary vegetable oils on behavior and drug responses in mice. Kameyama T et al 1996
• Effects of intraventricular encapsulated hNGF-secreting fibroblasts in aged rats. Lindner MD et al 1996
• Correlations between water maze performance and cortical somatostatin mRNA and high-affinity binding sites during ageing in rats. Dournaud P et al 1996
• Behavioral characterization of quinolinate-induced lesions of the medial striatum: relevance for Huntington's disease. Furtado JC et al 1996
• Brain iron and behavior of rats are not normalized by treatment of iron deficiency anemia during early development. Felt BT et al 1996
• 6-OHDA lesions of the nucleus accumbens accentuate memory deficits in animals with lesions to the forebrain cholinergic projection system: effects of nicotine administration on learning and memory in the water maze. Grigoryan G et al 1996
• Stereoselective effects of (R)- and (S)-zacopride on cognitive performance in a spatial navigation task in rats. Fontana DJ et al 1996
• Stage-specific effects of prenatal d-methamphetamine exposure on behavioral and eye development in rats. Acuff-Smith KD et al 1996
• Reduced evoked release of acetylcholine in the rodent hippocampus following traumatic brain injury. Dixon CE et al 1996
• Differential effect of antipsychotics on place navigation of rats in the Morris water maze. A comparative study between novel and reference antipsychotics. Skarsfeldt T et al 1996
• Normal spatial learning despite regional inhibition of LTP in mice lacking Thy-1. Nosten-Bertrand M et al 1996
• Failure of carbamazepine to prevent behavioural and histopathological sequels of experimentally induced status epilepticus. Lahtinen H et al 1996
• The memory-modulatory effects of glucocorticoids depend on an intact stria terminalis. Roozendaal B et al 1996
• Effects of reversible inactivations of the medial septal area on reference and working memory versions of the Morris water maze. Rashidy-Pour A et al 1996
• Chronic reduction of cerebral blood flow in the adult rat: late-emerging CA1 cell loss and memory dysfunction. Pappas BA et al 1996
• Differential effects of learning and recall of a spatial task on phosphoinositide hydrolysis induced by the metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist 1S,3R-ACPD (1S,3R-1-amino-cyclopentane-1,3-discarboxylic acid) in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex of rats. de Bruin JP et al 1996
• The neuroprotective effects of gamma-vinyl GABA in transient global ischemia: a morphological study with early and delayed evaluations. Shuaib A et al 1996
• Detailed behavioral analysis of water maze acquisition under APV or CNQX: contribution of sensorimotor disturbances to drug-induced acquisition deficits. Cain DP et al 1996
• Effects of lesions of the associative parietal cortex on the acquisition and use of spatial memory in egocentric and allocentric navigation tasks in the rat. Save E et al 1996
• Detailed behavioral analysis of water maze acquisition under systemic NMDA or muscarinic antagonism: nonspatial pretraining eliminates spatial learning deficits. Saucier D et al 1996
• Aged garlic extract prolongs longevity and improves spatial memory deficit in senescence-accelerated mouse. Moriguchi T et al 1996
• Altered brain fyn kinase in a murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Sei Y et al 1996
• Spatial learning in rats exposed to acute ethanol intoxication on gestational day 8. Minetti A et al 1996
• Baclofen, a selective GABAB receptor agonist, dose-dependently impairs spatial learning in rats. McNamara RK et al 1996
• Effects of the serotonin receptor agonists 8-OH-DPAT and TFMPP on learning as assessed using a novel water maze. Kant GJ et al 1996
• Effects of triazolam and diazepam on learning and memory as assessed using a water maze. Kant GJ et al 1996
• Amnesia induced in mice by centrally administered beta-amyloid peptides involves cholinergic dysfunction. Maurice T et al 1996
• Nerve growth factor and nootropic drug Cerebrolysin but not fibroblast growth factor can reduce spatial memory impairment elicited by fimbria-fornix transection: short-term study. Francis-Turner L et al 1996
• IL1 beta impairs relational but not procedural rodent learning in a water maze task. Gibertini M et al 1996
• Dorsal striatal lesions in rats. 2: Effects on spatial and non-spatial learning. Thullier F et al 1996
• Benzodiazepine receptor stimulation blocks scopolamine-induced learning impairments in a water maze task. Smythe JW et al 1996
• Validation of a single-day Morris Water Maze procedure used to assess cognitive deficits associated with brain damage. Kraemer PJ et al 1996
• Characterization of olfactory deficits in the rat following administration of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil), 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile, or methimazole. Genter MB et al 1996
• Genetic variation in the morphology of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic and GABAergic systems in mice: II. Morpho-behavioral correlations. Schwegler H et al 1996
• Spontaneous alternation, motor activity, and spatial learning in hot-foot mutant mice. Filali M et al 1996
• Olfaction and prey search in the carnivorous leech Haemopis marmorata Simon T et al 1996
• Sexually dimorphic spatial learning in meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus and deer mice Peromyscus maniculatus. Galea LA et al 1996
• The systemic administration of tacrine or selegiline facilitate spatial learning in aged fisher 344 rats. Yavich L et al 1996
• Exposure to environmental complexity promotes recovery of cognitive function after traumatic brain injury. Hamm RJ et al 1996
• Further studies of the role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in spatial learning: is hippocampal LTP a mechanism for automatically recording attended experience? Morris RG et al 1996
• The influence of body weight on open field and swimming maze performance during the post-weaning period in the rat. Barrow P et al 1996
• 7-Nitro indazole, a selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in vivo, impairs spatial learning in the rat. Holscher C et al 1996
• Facilitation of memory retrieval by the "anti-addictive" alkaloid, ibogaine. Popik P et al 1996
• Lesions of the cholinergic nuclei in the rat basal forebrain: excitotoxins vs. an immunotoxin. Waite JJ et al 1996
• Effects of tacrine (THA) on spatial reference memory and cholinergic enzymes in specific rat brain regions. Jackson JJ et al 1996
• A model of spatial map formation in the hippocampus of the rat. Blum KI et al 1996
• Memory impaired aged rats: no loss of principal hippocampal and subicular neurons. Rasmussen T et al 1996
• Age-related decrease in vulnerability to excitatory amino acids in the nucleus basalis. Wenk GL et al 1996
• Effects of the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist MCPG on spatial and context-specific learning. Bordi F et al 1996
• The dopamine agonists lisuride and piribedil protect against behavioural and histological changes following 4-vessel occlusion in the rat. Caldwell MA et al 1996
• Use of the Morris water maze and acoustic startle chamber to evaluate neurologic injury after asphyxial arrest in rats. Hickey RW et al 1996
• Effects of chronic substance P treatment and intracranial fetal grafts on learning after hippocampal kainic acid lesions. Sprick U et al 1996
• Problem solving following neonatal exposure to cocaine, ethanol, or cocaine/ethanol in combination in rats. Barron S et al 1996
• ACTH(4-9) analog ORG2766 treatment 7 months delayed still improves morris maze performance of fimbria-lesioned rats. Van Rijzingen IM et al 1996
• Evidence for a paradoxical sleep window for place learning in the Morris water maze. Smith C et al 1996
• Equivalent performance in the water maze by rats with an inborn high or low learning capacity in a shuttle box paradigm. Arolfo MP et al 1996
• Spatial learning in a Z-maze by cerebellar mutant mice. Lalonde R et al 1996
• Chronic treatment with human recombinant erythropoietin increases hematocrit and improves water maze performance in mice. Hengemihle JM et al 1996
• Estrogen affects performance of ovariectomized rats in a two-choice water-escape working memory task. O'Neal MF et al 1996
• Behavioural activity of angiotensin II (3-7)4Phe--analogue of natural fragment 3-7 of angiotensin II. Holy Z et al 1996
• Spatial and non-spatial learning in the rat following lesions to the nucleus locus coeruleus. Compton DM et al 1995
• Effects of the selective metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, L-CCG-I, on acquisition of a Morris task by rats. Van der Staay FJ et al 1995
• beta-Amyloid 25-35 and/or quinolinic acid injections into the basal forebrain of young male Fischer-344 rats: behavioral, neurochemical and histological effects. Sigurdsson EM et al 1995
• Combined postischemic hypothermia and delayed MK-801 treatment attenuates neurobehavioral deficits associated with transient global ischemia in rats. Green EJ et al 1995
• Behavioral and neurobiological alterations induced by the immunotoxin 192-IgG-saporin: cholinergic and non-cholinergic effects following i.c.v. injection. Walsh TJ et al 1995
• Effects of nutritional factors on reproduction, growth, preweaning reflex development and postweaning learning performance in SHRSP. Matsuo T et al 1995
• The effects of D-cycloserine and MK-801 on the performance of rats in two spatial learning and memory tasks. Pitkanen M et al 1995
• The effect of postinjury kindled seizures on cognitive performance of traumatically brain-injured rats. Hamm RJ et al 1995
• Effects of nerve growth factor treatment on rats with lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis produced by ibotenic acid, quisqualic acid, and AMPA. Winkler J et al 1995
• Dopamine D1 receptor ligands modulate cognitive performance and hippocampal acetylcholine release in memory-impaired aged rats. Hersi AI et al 1995
• Learning set spatial navigation performance in three mouse strains. Petrie BF et al 1995
• Nonocclusive common carotid artery thrombosis in the rat results in reversible sensorimotor and cognitive behavioral deficits. Alexis NE et al 1995
• Spatial learning without NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation. Saucier D et al 1995
• Distinct components of spatial learning revealed by prior training and NMDA receptor blockade. Bannerman DM et al 1995
• Explorative and drinking behavior after prolonged access to alcohol and following chronic piracetam administration in mice. Salimov R et al 1995
• Learning-related changes in hippocampal field potentials. Moser EI et al 1995
• Learning deficits in congenitally hydrocephalic rats and prevention by early shunt treatment. Jones HC et al 1995
• Study of behavior of rats with gluten-induced enteropathy. Castany MA et al 1995
• Nerve growth factor administration attenuates cognitive but not neurobehavioral motor dysfunction or hippocampal cell loss following fluid-percussion brain injury in rats. Sinson G et al 1995
• Interactions between location and task affect the spatial and directional firing of hippocampal neurons. Markus EJ et al 1995
• Chronic postinjury administration of MDL 26,479 (Suritozole), a negative modulator at the GABAA receptor, and cognitive impairment in rats following traumatic brain injury. O'Dell DM et al 1995
• Hippocampal muscarinic receptor function in spatial learning-impaired aged rats. Chouinard ML et al 1995
• Sex differences in vulnerability to developmental spatial learning deficits induced by limited binge alcohol exposure in neonatal rats. Goodlett CR et al 1995
• Effects of unilateral entorhinal cortex lesion and ganglioside GM1 treatment on performance in a novel water maze task. Glasier MM et al 1995
• Cortical hypometabolism in injured brain: new correlations with the noradrenergic and serotonergic systems and with behavioral deficits. Pappius HM et al 1995
• Prenatal exposure to sodium phenytoin in rats induces complex maze learning deficits comparable to those induced by exposure to phenytoin acid at half the dose. Vorhees CV et al 1995
• Prostacyclin analogue TTC-909 reduces memory impairment in rats with cerebral embolism. Uchiyama-Tsuyuki Y et al 1995
• Spatial learning ability of rats following acute exposure to alcohol during early postnatal life. Pauli J et al 1995
• Effects of prenatal ultrasound exposure on adult offspring behavior in the Wistar rat. Jensh RP et al 1995
• Combined treatment with a 5HT1A receptor agonist and a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist disrupts water maze navigation behavior. Riekkinen M et al 1995
• Alterations in hippocampal hemicholinium-3 binding and related behavioural and biochemical changes after prenatal phenobarbitone exposure. Zahalka EH et al 1995
• The neurosteroid 3 alpha, 5 apha-THP has antiseizure and possible neuroprotective effects in an animal model of epilepsy. Frye CA et al 1995
• A behavioral assessment of Ts65Dn mice: a putative Down syndrome model. Escorihuela RM et al 1995
• Memory deficits and cholinergic impairments in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Gordon I et al 1995
• Spatial learning with a minislab in the dorsal hippocampus. Moser MB et al 1995
• The antioxidant LY 231617 ameliorates functional and morphological sequelae induced by global ischemia in rats. Block F et al 1995
• Time course of increased vulnerability of cholinergic neurotransmission following traumatic brain injury in the rat. Dixon CE et al 1995
• Unilateral injury of posterior parietal cortex and spatial learning in hooded rats. McDaniel WF et al 1995
• Sex differences in learning and memory in mice: effects of sequence of testing and cholinergic blockade. Berger-Sweeney J et al 1995
• Panax ginseng extract improves the scopolamine-induced disruption of 8-arm radial maze performance in rats. Nitta H et al 1995
• [Trial to produce animal model of Alzheimer's disease by continuous infusion of beta-amyloid protein into the rat cerebral ventricle] Nabeshima T et al 1995
• Legionella pneumophila-induced visual learning impairment reversed by anti-interleukin-1 beta. Gibertini M et al 1995
• Chronic antioxidant treatment improves the cognitive performance of aged rats. Socci DJ et al 1995
• Genetic control of alcohol deprivation effect in congenic mice. Salimov R et al 1995
• Spatial learning impairment in aged rats: comparing between aged basal forebrain lesioned and normal aged rats. Nakamura S et al 1995
• Transgenic expression of human acetylcholinesterase induces progressive cognitive deterioration in mice. Beeri R et al 1995
• Neurotoxic effects of neonatal triethyltin (TET) exposure are exacerbated with aging. Barone S Jr et al 1995
• Nicotine enhances Morris water maze performance of young and aged rats. Socci DJ et al 1995
• Influence of separate and combined septal and amygdala lesions on memory, acoustic startle, anxiety, and locomotor activity in rats. Decker MW et al 1995
• Synaptic loss in cognitively impaired aged rats is ameliorated by chronic human nerve growth factor infusion. Chen KS et al 1995
• Blockade of the discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) by the GHB receptor antagonist NCS-382. Colombo G et al 1995
• Effects of prenatal exposure to cocaine on Morris water maze performance in adult rats. Heyser CJ et al 1995
• Selective immunotoxic lesions of basal forebrain cholinergic cells: effects on learning and memory in rats. Baxter MG et al 1995
• Modulation of learning processes by ionotropic glutamate receptor ligands. Danysz W W et al 1995
• Enantiomeric resolution with a new chiral stationary phase of 7-chloro-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine S,S-dioxide, a cognition-enhancing benzothiadiazine derivative. Uzunov DP et al 1995
• Modification of the maze procedure for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. II. Surgical technique of the maze III procedure. Cox JL et al 1995
• Modification of the maze procedure for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. I. Rationale and surgical results. Cox JL et al 1995
• Effects of prolonged selenium deficiency on open field behavior and Morris water maze performance in mice. Watanabe C et al 1995
• AF150(S): a new functionally selective M1 agonist improves cognitive performance in rats. Brandeis R et al 1995
• Ondansetron improves cognitive performance in the Morris water maze spatial navigation task. Fontana DJ et al 1995
• Post-injury administration of BIBN 99, a selective muscarinic M2 receptor antagonist, improves cognitive performance following traumatic brain injury in rats. Pike BR et al 1995
• Reduced hippocampal CA1 Ca(2+)-induced long-term potentiation is associated with age-dependent impairment of spatial learning. Diana G et al 1995
• Decline and preservation of reversal learning abilities and acquisition in the course of senescence. Rahner-Welsch S et al 1995
• Behavioural deficits in adult rats following long-term adrenalectomy. Islam A et al 1995
• Effects of scopolamine infusions into the anterior and posterior cingulate on passive avoidance and water maze navigation. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1995
• Modulation of carbon monoxide production and enhanced spatial learning by tin protoporphyrin. Bing O et al 1995
• Sleep states and memory processes. Smith C et al 1995
• Effects of dietary nucleotides on lipid metabolism and learning ability of rats. Sato N et al 1995
• Acetyl-L-Carnitine: chronic treatment improves spatial acquisition in a new environment in aged rats. Caprioli A et al 1995
• Exposure to stable flies reduces spatial learning in mice: involvement of endogenous opioid systems. Kavaliers M et al 1995
• Neurosteroids affect spatial/reference, working, and long-term memory of female rats. Frye CA et al 1995
• A visuospatial dysfunction following posterior cortex injury is attenuated by postinjury administration of the ACTH4-9 analog ORG 2766. Wells DL et al 1995
• Cholinergic markers in aged cognitively impaired Long-Evans rats. Aubert I et al 1995
• Medium and long-term behavioral effects in mice of extended gestational exposure to ozone. Petruzzi S et al 1995
• Stress-induced disturbances in Morris water-maze performance: interstrain variability. Francis DD et al 1995
• Olfactory bulbectomy temporarily impairs Morris maze performance: an ACTH(4-9) analog accellerates return of function. van Rijzingen IM et al 1995
• Phencyclidine injections into the dorsal hippocampus disrupt long- but not short-term memory within a spatial learning task. Kesner RP et al 1995
• GABAergic deafferentation hypothesis of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease; pharmacologic profile of the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil. Marczynski TJ et al 1995
• [The neural basis of learning and memory declines in aged rats] Hong A et al 1995
• [Nerve growth factor strategy and preparation of animal model for Alzheimer-type senile dementia] Nabeshima T et al 1995
• Involvement of cholinergic systems in the deficit of place learning in Morris water maze task induced by baclofen in rats. Nakagawa Y et al 1995
• Impairment of spatial but not contextual memory in CaMKII mutant mice with a selective loss of hippocampal LTP in the range of the theta frequency. Bach ME et al 1995
• Effects of tetrahydroaminoacridine and nicotine in nucleus basalis and serotonin-lesioned rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1995
• Age-related learning deficits in transgenic mice expressing the 751-amino acid isoform of human beta-amyloid precursor protein. Moran PM et al 1995
• Water maze performance of aged Sprague-Dawley rats in relation to retinal morphologic measures. Spencer RL et al 1995
• Analysis of severe photoreceptor loss and Morris water-maze performance in aged rats. O'Steen WK et al 1995
• Medial prefrontal lesions in the rat and spatial navigation: evidence for impaired planning. Granon S et al 1995
• Spatial learning impairment in mice infected with Legionella pneumophila or administered exogenous interleukin-1-beta. Gibertini M et al 1995
• Posttraumatic brain hypothermia provides protection from sensorimotor and cognitive behavioral deficits. Bramlett HM et al 1995
• Effects of prenatal exposure to low-dose beta radiation from tritiated water on the neurobehavior of mice. Wang B et al 1995
• Changes in brain somatostatin in memory-deficient rats: comparison with cholinergic markers. Matsuoka N et al 1995
• Glucocorticoids, hippocampal corticosteroid receptor gene expression and antidepressant treatment: relationship with spatial learning in young and aged rats. Yau JL et al 1995
• Reduced spatial learning in mice infected with the nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Kavaliers M et al 1995
• Effects of TCP on spatial memory: comparison with MK-801. Filliat P et al 1995
• Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats: a genetic animal model of anxiety. Colombo G et al 1995
• Muscimol induces state-dependent learning in Morris water maze task in rats. Nakagawa Y et al 1995
• Behavioral consequences of neonatal injury of the neocortex. Rosen GD et al 1995
• Post-ischemic therapy with CGS-19755 (alone or in combination with hypothermia) in gerbils. Shuaib A et al 1995
• Anabolic-androgenic steroid and adrenal steroid effects on hippocampal plasticity. Clark AS et al 1995
• The effects of AMPA-induced lesions of the medial septum and vertical limb nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca on spatial delayed non-matching to sample and spatial learning in the water maze. McAlonan GM et al 1995
• Place learning by fimbria-fornix transected rats in a modified water maze. Wortwein G et al 1995
• Effects of the neonatal vitamin A exposure on behaviors of adult rats. Kihara T et al 1995
• Effects of scopolamine on spatial working memory in rats pretreated with the serotonergic depleter p-chloroamphetamine. Santucci AC et al 1995
• Age-related changes in plasma catecholamine responses to acute swim stress. Mabry TR et al 1995
• Effects of prenatal exposure to xylene on postnatal development and behavior in rats. Hass U et al 1995
• Long-term learning deficits and changes in unlearned behaviors following in utero exposure to multiple daily doses of cocaine during different exposure periods and maternal plasma cocaine concentrations. Vorhees CV et al 1995
• Effects of ibogaine on sensory-motor function, activity, and spatial learning in rats. Kesner RP et al 1995
• Linopiridine (DUP 996; AVIVA): its effects in the Morris water escape tank and on retention of an incompletely acquired bar-press response in rodents. Flagmeyer I et al 1995
• Effect of NE-100, a novel sigma receptor ligand, on phencyclidine- induced delayed cognitive dysfunction in rats. Okuyama S et al 1995
• Changes in the neonatal gonadal hormonal environment prevent behavioral sparing and alter cortical morphogenesis after early frontal cortex lesions in male and female rats. Kolb B et al 1995
• A model of parasagittal controlled cortical impact in the mouse: cognitive and histopathologic effects. Smith DH et al 1995
• Effects of a period of asphyxia during birth on spatial learning in the rat. Boksa P et al 1995
• Inhibitors of PLA2 and NO synthase cooperate in producing amnesia of a spatial task. Holscher C et al 1995
• Long-term effect of HU-211, a novel non-competitive NMDA antagonist, on motor and memory functions after closed head injury in the rat. Shohami E et al 1995
• Learning impairment following acute administration of the calcium channel antagonist nimodipine in mice. Maurice T T et al 1995
• Gonadal hormone levels and spatial learning performance in the Morris water maze in male and female meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Galea LA et al 1995
• Increased production of inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol in aged cognitively impaired rats after stimulation of muscarinic, metabotropic-glutamate and endothelin receptors. Parent A et al 1995
• Age-related spatial reference and working memory deficits assessed in the water maze. Frick KM et al 1995
• Cholinergic binding sites in rat brain: analysis by age and cognitive status. Smith TD et al 1995
• Spatial working and reference memory in rats bred for autonomic sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation: acquisition, accuracy, speed, and effects of cholinergic drugs. Bushnell PJ et al 1995
• Memory impairment induced by intraamygdala beta-endorphin is mediated by noradrenergic influences. Introini-Collison IB et al 1995
• 192 immunoglobulin G-saporin produces graded behavioral and biochemical changes accompanying the loss of cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and cerebellar Purkinje cells. Waite JJ et al 1995
• Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic lamotrigine in a gerbil model of global cerebral ischemia. Wiard RP et al 1995
• Enhancement of hippocampally-mediated learning and protein kinase C activity by oxiracetam in learning-impaired DBA/2 mice. Fordyce DE et al 1995
• Essential fatty acid preparation (SR-3) rehabilitates learning deficits induced by AF64A and 5,7-DHT. Yehuda S et al 1995
• The effects of NMDA receptor antagonists at anticonvulsive doses on the performance of rats in the water maze task. Ylinen A et al 1995
• 8-OH-DPAT impairs spatial but not visual learning in a water maze by stimulating 5-HT1A receptors in the hippocampus. Carli M et al 1995
• Entorhinal-perirhinal lesions impair performance of rats on two versions of place learning in the Morris water maze. Nagahara AH et al 1995
• Spatial learning in male and female Long-Evans rats. Bucci DJ et al 1995
• The effects of AMPA-induced lesions of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic projection on aversive conditioning to explicit and contextual cues and spatial learning in the water maze. McAlonan GM et al 1995
• Selective lesioning of the basal forebrain cholinergic system by intraventricular 192 IgG-saporin: behavioural, biochemical and stereological studies in the rat. Leanza G et al 1995
• Facilitation of acetylcholine release and cognitive performance by an M(2)-muscarinic receptor antagonist in aged memory-impaired. Quirion R et al 1995
• The selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, WAY100289, enhances spatial memory in rats with ibotenate lesions of the forebrain cholinergic projection system. Hodges H et al 1995
• Long-term potentiation and glutamate release in the dentate gyrus: links to spatial learning. Richter-Levin G et al 1995
• Electrophysiologic basis, surgical development, and clinical results of the maze procedure for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. Cox JL et al 1995
• Prefrontal cortical mediation of rats' place learning in a modified water maze. Mogensen J et al 1995
• Posttreatment with EPC-K1, an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation and of phospholipase A2 activity, reduces functional deficits after global ischemia in rats. Block F et al 1995
• Fetal Ammon's horn transplants improve acquisition of a radial arm maze and a low-rate operant schedule in trimethyltin-treated rats. Freeman JN 3rd et al 1995
• Effects of nutritional factors on reproduction, growth, preweaning reflex development and postweaning learning performance in SHRSP. Matsuo T et al 1995
• NGF deprivation of adult rat brain results in cholinergic hypofunction and selective impairments in spatial learning. Van der Zee CE et al 1995
• Paradoxical enhancement of long-term potentiation in poor-learning rats at low test stimulus intensities. Jeffery KJ et al 1995
• Interhippocampal synthesis of lateralized place navigation engrams. Fenton AA et al 1995
• Dentate gyrus destruction and spatial learning impairment after corticosteroid removal in young and middle-aged rats. Conrad CD et al 1995
• Simulation of spatial learning in the Morris water maze by a neural network model of the hippocampal formation and nucleus accumbens. Brown MA et al 1995
• Radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction: an experimental model in the old rat. Lamproglou I et al 1995
• Prevention of nimodipine-induced impairment of learning by the selective sigma ligand PRE-084. Maurice T et al 1995
• The effects of d-cycloserine, a partial agonist at the glycine binding site, on spatial learning and working memory in scopolamine-treated rats. Pitkanen M et al 1995
• Injection of a minuscule dose of FeCl3 within the ventrolateral striatum causes a chronic disturbance of the integrative function within the limbic part of the ventral striatum. Kolasiewicz W et al 1995
• Memantine prevents progressive functional neurodegeneration in rats. Heim C et al 1995
• Enduring effects of chronic corticosterone treatment on spatial learning, synaptic plasticity, and hippocampal neuropathology in young and mid-aged rats. Bodnoff SR et al 1995
• FR121196, a potential antidementia drug, ameliorates the impaired memory of rat in the Morris water maze. Yamazaki M et al 1995
• 7-Chloro-3-methyl-3-4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4 benzothiadiazine S,S-dioxide (IDRA 21): a benzothiadiazine derivative that enhances cognition by attenuating DL-alpha-amino-2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-oxo-4-isoxazolepropanoic acid (AMPA) receptor desensitization. Zivkovic I et al 1995
• Overexpression of a calcium-binding protein, S100 beta, in astrocytes alters synaptic plasticity and impairs spatial learning in transgenic mice. Gerlai R et al 1995
• Cognitive decline associated with normal aging in rats: a neuropsychological approach. Zyzak DR et al 1995
• Environmental enrichment and postnatal handling prevent spatial learning deficits in aged hypoemotional (Roman high-avoidance) and hyperemotional (Roman low-avoidance) rats. Escorihuela RM et al 1995
• In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the subtype-selective muscarinic agonist PD 151832. Jaen J et al 1995
• Importance of forebrain cholinergic and GABAergic systems to the age-related deficits in water maze performance of rats. Abdulla FA et al 1995
• The behavioral effects of heptylphysostigmine on rats lesioned in the nucleus basalis. Waite JJ et al 1995
• Estrus-associated decrements in a water maze task are limited to acquisition. Frye CA et al 1995
• Symmetrical generalization between the discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and ethanol: occurrence within narrow dose ranges. Colombo G et al 1995
• Reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of cochineal administered to mice in the diet. Tanaka T et al 1995
• Effects of a sustained release formulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on behavioral abnormalities in senescence-accelerated mice. Miyamoto M et al 1994
• Water maze performance and hippocampal weight of prenatally stressed rats. Szuran T et al 1994
• Long-term behavioral deficits following pilocarpine seizures in immature rats. Liu Z et al 1994
• Behavioral and biochemical consequences of combined lesions of the medial septum/diagonal band and nucleus basalis in the rat when ibotenic acid, quisqualic acid, and AMPA are used. Waite JJ et al 1994
• Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase does not impair spatial learning. Bannerman DM et al 1994
• Combined fluid percussion brain injury and entorhinal cortical lesion: a model for assessing the interaction between neuroexcitation and deafferentation. Phillips LL et al 1994
• Linopirdine (DuP 996) improves performance in several tests of learning and memory by modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission. Fontana DJ et al 1994
• Adrenalectomy leads to a different responsiveness to 8-OH-DPAT in a water-maze learning task. Meijer OC et al 1994
• Blockade of ethanol discrimination by isradipine. Colombo G et al 1994
• Protein kinase C activation and anti-amnesic effect of acetyl-L-carnitine: in vitro and in vivo studies. Pascale A et al 1994
• Absence of an association between motor coordination and spatial orientation in lurcher mutant mice. Lalonde R et al 1994
• Place navigation in the Morris water maze under minimum and redundant extra-maze cue conditions. Fenton AA et al 1994
• Hypobaric hypoxia impairs spatial memory in an elevation-dependent fashion. Shukitt-Hale B et al 1994
• Brain and behavioral effects of dietary n-3 deficiency in mice: a three generational study. Wainwright PE et al 1994
• Behavioural, histochemical and biochemical consequences of selective immunolesions in discrete regions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Torres EM et al 1994
• The effects of intrahippocampal raphe and/or septal grafts in rats with fimbria-fornix lesions depend on the origin of the grafted tissue and the behavioural task used. Jeltsch H et al 1994
• Effects of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile on acquisition and performance of spatial tasks in rats. Llorens J et al 1994
• Milacemide treatment in mice enhances acquisition of a Morris-type water maze task. Finkelstein JE et al 1994
• Are the cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine in the rat with lesions to the forebrain cholinergic projection system mediated by an interaction with the noradrenergic system? Grigoryan GA et al 1994
• Memory impairment and neuronal dysfunction induced by beta-amyloid protein in rats. Nabeshima T et al 1994
• Serotonin depletion decreases the therapeutic effect of nicotine, but not THA in medial septal-lesioned rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1994
• Selective reduction of hippocampal dentate frequency-potentiation in striatally lesioned rats with impaired place learning. Sagratella S et al 1994
• Impairment of place navigation of rats in the Morris water maze by intermittent light is inversely related to the duration of the flash. Liu Z et al 1994
• Deficient long-term memory in mice with a targeted mutation of the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein. Bourtchuladze R et al 1994
• Spatial localization in the Morris water maze in rats: acquisition is affected by intra-accumbens injections of the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol. Ploeger GE et al 1994
• Genetic and activity-dependent regulation of zif268 expression: association with spatial learning. Fordyce DE et al 1994
• Radial arm maze behavior in mice when a return to the home cage serves as the reinforcer. Masuda Y et al 1994
• Effects of two stressors on behaviour in the elevated X-maze: preliminary investigation of their interaction with 8-OH-DPAT. McBlane JW et al 1994
• [Experimental techniques for developing new drugs acting on dementia (8)--Characteristics of behavioral disorders in senescence-accelerated mouse (SAMP8): possible animal model for dementia] Miyamoto M et al 1994
• Effect of NE-100, a novel sigma receptor ligand, on phencyclidine-induced cognitive dysfunction. Ogawa S et al 1994
• The effects of long-term corticosterone administration on hippocampal morphology and cognitive performance of middle-aged rats. Arbel I et al 1994
• Hippocampal corticosteroid receptor mRNA expression and spatial learning in the aged Wistar rat. Yau JL et al 1994
• Fimbria-fornix lesions impair spatial performance and induce epileptic-like activity but do not affect long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. Kleschevnikov AM et al 1994
• Spatial learning following posterior parietal or hippocampal lesions. McDaniel WF et al 1994
• Phenobarbital modifies seizure-related brain injury in the developing brain. Mikati MA et al 1994
• Chronic administration of neurokinin SP improves maze performance in aged Rattus norvegicus. Hasenohrl RU et al 1994
• Progesterone facilitates cognitive recovery and reduces secondary neuronal loss caused by cortical contusion injury in male rats. Roof RL et al 1994
• Behavioral consequences of bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. Bastedo L et al 1994
• The Atlantis platform: a new design and further developments of Buresova's on-demand platform for the water maze. Spooner RI et al 1994
• Regional changes in expression of NCAM, GFAP, and S100 in aging rat brain. Linnemann D et al 1994
• Lack of long-term effects after beta-amyloid protein injections in rat brain. Winkler J et al 1994
• Effect of 5-hydroxytryptophane on behavior and hippocampal physiology in young and old rats. Levkovitz Y et al 1994
• Phencyclidine prevents spatial navigation and passive avoidance deficits in ibotenate lesioned rats. O'Connell A et al 1994
• Cholesterol treatment facilitates spatial learning performance in DBA/2Ibg mice. Miller S et al 1994
• Behavioral teratologic effects of prenatal exposure to continuous-wave ultrasound in unanesthetized rats. Vorhees CV et al 1994
• Morphological and behavioural effects of granule cell degeneration induced by intrahippocampal fluid injections in intact and fimbria-fornix lesioned rats. Hofferer E et al 1994
• Performance (re-acquisition) of a water-maze task by adult meadow voles: effects of age of initial task acquisition and in utero environment (litter sex-ratio). Galea LA et al 1994
• Amygdala modulation of hippocampal-dependent and caudate nucleus-dependent memory processes. Packard MG et al 1994
• I.c.v. infusions of ACPD(1S,3R) attenuate learning in a Morris water maze paradigm. Pettit HO et al 1994
• Effects of ABT-418, a novel cholinergic channel ligand, on place learning in septal-lesioned rats. Decker MW et al 1994
• Brain lesions and water-maze learning deficits after systemic administration of kainic acid to adult rats. Gayoso MJ et al 1994
• Relation of spatial learning of rats in the Morris water maze task to the number of viable CA1 neurons following four-vessel occlusion. Olsen GM et al 1994
• Dissociation of serotonergic regulation of anxiety and ethanol self-administration: a study with mCPP. Buczek Y Y et al 1994
• A behavioural analysis of rats with damage to the medial prefrontal cortex using the Morris water maze: evidence for behavioural flexibility, but not for impaired spatial navigation. de Bruin JP et al 1994
• A developmental neurotoxicity evaluation of the effects of prenatal exposure to fluoxetine in rats. Vorhees CV et al 1994
• Spatial information content and reliability of hippocampal CA1 neurons: effects of visual input. Markus EJ et al 1994
• Human nerve growth factor improves spatial memory in aged but not in young rats. Markowska AL et al 1994
• Bilateral frontal cortical contusion in rats: behavioral and anatomic consequences. Hoffman SW et al 1994
• PD 142676 (CI 1002), a novel anticholinesterase and muscarinic antagonist. Emmerling MR et al 1994
• The effects of perirhinal cortical lesions on spatial reference memory in the rat. Wiig KA et al 1994
• Comparisons of repetitive-and single-insult ischaemia: effects on regional brain damage and behaviour. Wishart T et al 1994
• Impaired spatial memory in aged rats is associated with alterations in inositol phospholipid metabolism. Lynch MA et al 1994
• Behavioral assessment of c-fos mutant mice. Paylor R et al 1994
• Neurochemical, histopathological and mnemonic effects of combined lesions of the medial septal and serotonin afferents to the hippocampus. Murtha SJ et al 1994
• LIGA20, a lyso derivative of ganglioside GM1, given orally after cortical thrombosis reduces infarct size and associated cognition deficit. Kharlamov A et al 1994
• Differential effects on spatial navigation of immunotoxin-induced cholinergic lesions of the medial septal area and nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Berger-Sweeney J et al 1994
• Conserved spatial learning in cooled rats in spite of slowing of dentate field potentials. Moser EI et al 1994
• Mitochondrial diazepam-binding inhibitor receptor complex agonists antagonize dizocilpine amnesia: putative role for allopregnanolone. Romeo E et al 1994
• Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors is necessary for long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus and for spatial learning. Richter-Levin G et al 1994
• Levemopamil injection after cerebral oligemia reduces spatial memory deficits in rats. Heim C et al 1994
• Effects of concomitant nicotinic and muscarinic blockade on spatial memory disturbance in rats are purely additive: evidence from the Morris water task. Cozzolino R et al 1994
• A role for acetylcholine in spatial memory in turtles. Petrillo M et al 1994
• Effects of low level lead exposure on behavior of young rats. Tang HW et al 1994
• Aging, stress, and cognitive function. Levy A et al 1994
• Interaction between 5-HT1A and nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the regulation of water maze navigation behavior. Riekkinen M et al 1994
• Developmental regulation of adult cortical morphology and behavior: an animal model for mental retardation. Bachman ES et al 1994
• Spatial behavior in the Brazilian short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica): comparison with the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) in the Morris water maze and radial arm maze. Kimble D et al 1994
• Increased anticholinergic sensitivity following closed skull impact and controlled cortical impact traumatic brain injury in the rat. Dixon CE et al 1994
• Effects of a novel compound MCI-225 on impaired learning and memory in rats. Eguchi J et al 1994
• Diazepam impairs place learning in native but not in maze-experienced rats in the Morris water maze. Zanotti A et al 1994
• Global ischaemia: hippocampal pathology and spatial deficits in the water maze. Nunn JA et al 1994
• A GABAergic mechanism in the medial septum influences cortical arousal and locomotor activity but not a previously learned spatial discrimination task. Osborne PG et al 1994
• Chronic aluminum fluoride administration. I. Behavioral observations. Varner JA et al 1994
• Parallel information processing in the water maze: evidence for independent memory systems involving dorsal striatum and hippocampus. McDonald RJ et al 1994
• Hippocampal stimulation of fornical-lesioned rats improves working memory. Turnbull J et al 1994
• The ACTH(4-9) analog Org2766 modulates the behavioral changes induced by NMDA and the NMDA receptor antagonist AP5. Spruijt BM et al 1994
• Grafting of nerve growth factor-producing fibroblasts reduces behavioral deficits in rats with lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Dekker AJ et al 1994
• Effects of prenatal exposure to N-methylpyrrolidone on postnatal development and behavior in rats. Hass U et al 1994
• Effects of (R)-alpha-methylhistamine and scopolamine on spatial learning in the rat assessed using a water maze. Smith CP et al 1994
• Retrograde amnesia and memory reactivation in rats with ibotenate lesions to the hippocampus or subiculum. Bolhuis JJ et al 1994
• Effects of vinconate on maze performance deficit induced by monoaminergic dysfunction in rats. Kinoshita H et al 1994
• Age and strain differences in rat place learning and hippocampal dentate gyrus frequency-potentiation. Diana G et al 1994
• The effects of general and restricted serotonergic lesions on hippocampal electrophysiology and behavior. Richter-Levin G et al 1994
• Pre- and posttraining infusion of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists into the amygdala impair memory in an inhibitory avoidance task. Liang KC et al 1994
• Absence of snapshot memory of the target view interferes with place navigation learning by rats in the water maze. Arolfo MP et al 1994
• The pharmacological properties of Y-23684, a benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist. Yasumatsu H et al 1994
• Relationship of APP mRNA transcripts and levels of NGF and low-affinity NGF receptors to behavioral measures of age-related cognitive dysfunction. Lindner MD et al 1994
• Oral administration of idebenone induces nerve growth factor in the brain and improves learning and memory in basal forebrain-lesioned rats. Nitta A et al 1994
• The age-related increase in galanin binding sites in the rat brain correlates with behavioral impairment. Krzywkowski P et al 1994
• Methamphetamine exposure during early postnatal development in rats: I. Acoustic startle augmentation and spatial learning deficits. Vorhees CV et al 1994
• Spatial water maze learning using celestial cues by the meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Kavaliers M et al 1994
• beta-Amyloid protein-induced Alzheimer's disease animal model. Nitta A et al 1994
• Does neuronal damage of CA1 relate to spatial memory performance of rats subjected to transient forebrain ischemia? Olsen GM et al 1994
• D-cycloserine, a novel cognitive enhancer, improves spatial memory in aged rats. Baxter MG et al 1994
• NS-3, a TRH analog, reverses repeated ECS-induced deficits in water maze performance in the rat. Khan A et al 1994
• Involvement of amino acids, opioids, nitric oxide, and NMDA receptors in learning and memory consolidation in crickets. Jaffe K et al 1994
• [Changes in the higher nervous activity of the progeny of alcoholized male white rats] Batuev AS et al 1994
• The effects of dietary fatty acid composition combined with environmental enrichment on brain and behavior in mice. Wainwright PE et al 1994
• Inactivation of the N-CAM gene in mice results in size reduction of the olfactory bulb and deficits in spatial learning. Cremer H et al 1994
• Spatial learning and noradrenaline content in the brain and periphery of young and aged rats. Sirvio J et al 1994
• Nerve growth factor and the monosialoganglioside GM1: analogous and different in vivo effects on biochemical, morphological, and behavioral parameters of adult cortically lesioned rats. Garofalo L et al 1994
• Protective effect of galanin on behavioral deficits in experimental traumatic brain injury. Liu S et al 1994
• Outcome of mitral valve repair in patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation. Should the maze procedure be combined with mitral valvuloplasty? Chua YL et al 1994
• Interhippocampal transfer of place navigation monocularly acquired by rats during unilateral functional ablation of the dorsal hippocampus and visual cortex with lidocaine. Fenton AA et al 1994
• Naloxone facilitates spatial learning in a water-maze task in female, but not male, adult nonbreeding meadow voles. Galea LA et al 1994
• Comparison of four spatial maze learning tests with methylnitrosourea-induced microcephaly rats. Akaike M et al 1994
• Developmental changes in spatial learning in the Morris water-maze in young meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Galea LA et al 1994
• Sexually dimorphic spatial learning varies seasonally in two populations of deer mice. Galea LA et al 1994
• Facilitation of glutamate receptors enhances memory. Staubli U et al 1994
• Early exposure to aluminium affects eight-arm maze performance and hippocampal nerve growth factor levels in adult mice. Santucci D et al 1994
• The effect of chronic alcohol treatment on the radial maze performance of rats. Gal K et al 1994
• Perinatal undernutrition impairs spatial learning in recovered adult rats. Cordoba NE et al 1994
• gp120 as an etiologic agent for NeuroAIDS: neurotoxicity and model systems. Brenneman DE et al 1994
• Reversal of early phenobarbital-induced cholinergic and related behavioral deficits by neuronal grafting. Rogel-Fuchs Y et al 1994
• Characterization of high voltage spindles and spatial memory in young, mature and aged rats. Radek RJ et al 1994
• Striatal grafts in infarct striatopallidum increase GABA release, reorganize GABAA receptor and improve water-maze learning in the rat. Aihara N et al 1994
• Spatial learning deficits in the aged rat: neuroanatomical and neurochemical correlates. Lee JM et al 1994
• Negative and positive effects of intracerebroventricular scopolamine on memory in mice undergoing passive avoidance and escape tests. Nakajima M et al 1994
• Selective reduction of hippocampal dentate frequency potentiation in aged rats with impaired place learning. Diana G et al 1994
• Behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of the quinolinic acid rat model of Huntington's disease in rats. Popoli P et al 1994
• Effects of the antihypertensive drugs alpha-methyldopa and hydralazine on the performance of spontaneously hypertensive rats in the elevated plus-maze. Rosa WC et al 1994
• [Aging of memory mechanisms] Lamour Y et al 1994
• Impaired spatial learning by vasoactive intestinal peptide in Morris water maze task in the rat. Itoh S et al 1994
• Cortical representation of motion during unrestrained spatial navigation in the rat. McNaughton BL et al 1994
• Involvement of hippocampal NMDA and AMPA receptors in acquisition, formation and retrieval of spatial memory in the Morris water maze. Liang KC et al 1994
• [Prenatal exposure to sodium oxybutyrate prevents a disorder of general behavior, learning and memory in the progeny of rats subjected to chronic hemic hypoxia] Koziar VS et al 1994
• Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex. I. Anatomical distribution and behavioral modulation. Chen LL et al 1994
• Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex. II. Contributions of visual and ideothetic information to the directional firing. Chen LL et al 1994
• Vitamin E prevents the place learning deficit and the cholinergic hypofunction induced by AF64A. Wortwein G et al 1994
• Effects of THA and physostigmine on spatial navigation and avoidance performance in mecamylamine and PCPA-treated rats. Riekkinen M et al 1994
• Oral administration of NGF synthesis stimulators recovers reduced brain NGF content in aged rats and cognitive dysfunction in basal-forebrain-lesioned rats. Nabeshima T et al 1994
• Morphological hippocampal changes during normal aging and their relation to cognitive deterioration. Kadar T et al 1994
• Chronic nicotine reverses age-associated increases in tail-flick latency and anxiety in rats. Onaivi ES et al 1994
• Age-related memory decline and longevity under treatment with selegiline. Stoll S et al 1994
• A rat model of phencyclidine psychosis. Ogawa S et al 1994
• Chronic administration of flumazenil increases life span and protects rats from age-related loss of cognitive functions: a benzodiazepine/GABAergic hypothesis of brain aging. Marczynski TJ et al 1994
• Cerebellar contributions to instrumental learning. Lalonde R et al 1994
• Behavioral evaluations in developmental toxicity testing: MARTA survey results. Lochry EA et al 1994
• Chronic L-deprenyl or L-amphetamine: equal cognitive enhancement, unequal MAO inhibition. Gelowitz DL et al 1994
• Effect of DAU 6215, a novel 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on scopolamine-induced amnesia in the rat in a spatial learning task. Pitsikas N et al 1994
• A new operant discrimination test procedure for resident rats. Rydenhag B et al 1994
• Recovery of sensorimotor function after distal middle cerebral artery photothrombotic occlusion in rats. Markgraf CG et al 1994
• Wistar-Kyoto rats in the Morris water maze: impaired working memory and hyper-reactivity to stress. Grauer E et al 1993
• Selective cognitive impairment following traumatic brain injury in rats. Hamm RJ et al 1993
• Effects of intracranial infusions of chlordiazepoxide on spatial learning in the Morris water maze. I. Neuroanatomical specificity. McNamara RK et al 1993
• Effects of intracranial infusions of chlordiazepoxide on spatial learning in the Morris water maze. II. Neuropharmacological specificity. McNamara RK et al 1993
• Foetal grafts from hippocampal regio superior alleviate ischaemic-induced behavioural deficits. Netto CA et al 1993
• Cognitive impairment following traumatic brain injury: the effect of pre- and post-injury administration of scopolamine and MK-801. Hamm RJ et al 1993
• Cholinergic drugs regulate passive avoidance performance via the amygdala. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1993
• Prevention of soman-induced cognitive deficits by pretreatment with human butyrylcholinesterase in rats. Brandeis R et al 1993
• AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium) impairs acquisition and performance of a spatial, but not a cued water maze task: relation to cholinergic hypofunction. Opello KD et al 1993
• Animal models of normal aging: relationship between cognitive decline and markers in hippocampal circuitry. Gallagher M et al 1993
• The aged mouse as a model of cognitive decline with special emphasis on studies in NMRI mice. Gower AJ et al 1993
• Effects of oral administration of a stimulator for nerve growth factor synthesis in basal forebrain-lesioned rats. Nitta A et al 1993
• Effects of chronic administration of adenosine A1 receptor agonist and antagonist on spatial learning and memory. Von Lubitz DK et al 1993
• Scopolamine does not differentially affect Morris maze performance in adult rats exposed prenatally to alcohol. Hannigan JH et al 1993
• Lead exposure and latent learning ability of adult female rats. Rodrigues AL et al 1993
• DAU 6215, a novel 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, improves performance in the aged rat in the Morris water maze task. Pitsikas N et al 1993
• Altered adult sexual behavior in the male rat following chronic prenatal hypoxia. Hermans RH et al 1993
• Brain-reactive antibodies and behavior of autoimmune MRL-lpr mice. Sakic B et al 1993
• Differential effects of benzodiazepine receptor agonists on hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1993
• Gender-specific impairment on Morris water maze task after entorhinal cortex lesion. Roof RL et al 1993
• Preservation of hippocampal NMDA receptors may be crucial for spatial learning after epileptic seizures in rats. Lahtinen H et al 1993
• The nootropic compound BMY-21502 improves spatial learning ability in brain injured rats. Pierce JE et al 1993
• Progeny of mothers drinking corticosterone during lactation has lower stress-induced corticosterone secretion and better cognitive performance. Catalani A et al 1993
• Five-year experience with the maze procedure for atrial fibrillation. Cox JL et al 1993
• Chronic nicotine ingestion improves radial arm maze performance in rats. Poincheval-Fuhrman S S et al 1993
• Effects of quisqualic acid and glutamate on subsequent learning, emotionality, and seizure susceptibility in the immature and mature animal. Holmes GL et al 1993
• Comparative effects of excitotoxic lesions of the hippocampus and septum/diagonal band on conditional visual discrimination and spatial learning. Marston HM et al 1993
• Effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor on cholinergic neurons of nucleus basalis magnocellularis and in a spatial memory task following cortical devascularization. Figueiredo BC et al 1993
• [A method employing housing in a radial maze apparatus for estimating working memory in mice: effects of scopolamine and delay upon maze performance] Odashima J et al 1993
• Effects of idebenone on information processing in aged Long-Evans rats. Pelleymounter MA et al 1993
• Age-related increase in galanin-binding sites in the rat brain: correlation with behavioral impairment. Krzywkowski P et al 1993
• Brain blood flow restoration 'rescues' chronically damaged rat CA1 neurons. de la Torre JC et al 1993
• Pharmacological consequences of nicotinergic plus serotonergic manipulations. Riekkinen M et al 1993
• Galanin fails to alter both acquisition of a two trial per day water maze task and neurochemical markers of cholinergic or serotonergic neurones in adult rats. Aspley S et al 1993
• Effects of central nicotinic cholinergic receptor blockade produced by chlorisondamine on learning and memory performance in rats. Decker MW et al 1993
• The behavioral effects of serotonin synthesis inhibition and quisqualic acid induced lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis in rats. Jakala P et al 1993
• The effects of congenital hypothyroidism using the hyt/hyt mouse on locomotor activity and learned behavior. Anthony A et al 1993
• Spatial learning impairment parallels the magnitude of dorsal hippocampal lesions, but is hardly present following ventral lesions. Moser E et al 1993
• Polypropylene pellets as an inexpensive reusable substitute for milk in the Morris milk maze. Cain DP et al 1993
• Anticholinergic sensitivity in the aging rat septohippocampal system as assessed in a spatial memory task. Nilsson OG et al 1993
• Morphologic alterations of choline acetyltransferase-positive neurons in the basal forebrain of aged behaviorally characterized Fisher 344 rats. Armstrong DM et al 1993
• Mid-life onset of dietary restriction extends life and prolongs cognitive functioning. Means LW et al 1993
• Memory facilitation educed by food intake. Oomura Y et al 1993
• Visual thresholds in mice: comparison of retinal light damage and hypopigmentation. Hayes JM et al 1993
• Physical activity enhances spatial learning performance with an associated alteration in hippocampal protein kinase C activity in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. Fordyce DE et al 1993
• Variable-interval probe test as a tool for repeated measurements of spatial memory in the water maze. Markowska AL et al 1993
• Place navigation in rats with unilateral tetrodotoxin inactivation of the dorsal hippocampus: place but not procedural learning can be lateralized to one hippocampus. Fenton AA et al 1993
• Severity of spatial learning impairment in aging: development of a learning index for performance in the Morris water maze. Gallagher M et al 1993
• Selective lesions of neural pathways following viral inoculation of the olfactory bulb. McLean JH et al 1993
• Indole-pyruvic acid treatment reduces damage in striatum but not in hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia in the rat. Zoli M et al 1993
• Spatial processing and emotionality in aged NMRI mice: a multivariate analysis. Lamberty Y et al 1993
• Behavioural effects of piperonyl butoxide in male mice. Tanaka T et al 1993
• Environmental enrichment following brain damage: an aid to recovery or compensation? Rose FD et al 1993
• Magnesium and ketamine attenuate cognitive dysfunction following experimental brain injury. Smith DH et al 1993
• Effects of sustained release formulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on learning impairments caused by scopolamine and AF64A in rodents. Miyamoto M et al 1993
• Effects of chronic corticosterone ingestion on spatial memory performance and hippocampal serotonergic function. Luine VN et al 1993
• Neuropeptide FF (FLQPQRFamide) and IgG from neuropeptide FF antiserum affect spatial learning in mice. Kavaliers M et al 1993
• Lack of strain differences in spatial learning among seizure-prone and seizure-resistant mice. Gutekunst CA et al 1993
• Elevated dark-adapted thresholds in hypopigmented mice measured with a water maze screening apparatus. Hayes JM et al 1993
• Alterations in [3H]-kainate receptor binding in the hippocampal formation of aged Long-Evans rats. Nagahara AH et al 1993
• Hippocampal function in the rat: cognitive mapping or vicarious trial and error? Amsel A et al 1993
• Learning and memory after adrenalectomy-induced hippocampal dentate granule cell degeneration in the rat. Armstrong JN et al 1993
• Effects of aging on spatial learning and hippocampal protein kinase C in mice. Fordyce DE et al 1993
• Environmental enrichment and the behavioral effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol in rats. Hannigan JH et al 1993
• Effects of neonatal blockade of bombesin (BN) receptors with [D-Phe6, phi Leu13-Cpa14]BN(6-14) on adult behavior and sensitivity to BN. Piggins HD et al 1993
• Effects of lobeline, a nicotinic receptor agonist, on learning and memory. Decker MW et al 1993
• Interleukin-1 beta, but not interleukin-6, impairs spatial navigation learning. Oitzl MS et al 1993
• Effects of repeated administration of propentofylline on memory impairment produced by basal forebrain lesion in rats. Fuji K et al 1993
• [Analysis of the behavior of rats in the Morris water-basin: new methodology and pharmacological application] Anglade F et al 1993
• Regional specificity of raphe graft-induced recovery of behavioral functions impaired by combined serotonergic/cholinergic lesions. Richter-Levin G et al 1993
• Selective loss of hippocampal granule cells following adrenalectomy: implications for spatial memory. Conrad CD et al 1993
• Effects of kindling on subsequent learning, memory, behavior, and seizure susceptibility. Holmes GL et al 1993
• Use of high and low responders to novelty in rat studies on the role of the ventral striatum in radial maze performance: effects of intra-accumbens injections of sulpiride. Cools AR et al 1993
• Age-dependent cognitive and behavioral deficits after kainic acid seizures. Stafstrom CE et al 1993
• Increased responsiveness of hippocampal pyramidal neurons to nicotine in aged, learning-impaired rats. Engstrom DA et al 1993
• Behavioural abnormalities in a murine model of a human lysosomal storage disease. Chang PL et al 1993
• Effects of fetal hippocampal field grafts on ischaemic-induced deficits in spatial navigation in the water maze. Netto CA et al 1993
• Behavioral effects of prenatally administered smokeless tobacco on rat offspring. Paulson RB et al 1993
• Spatial navigation learning in spontaneously hypertensive, renal hypertensive and normotensive Wistar rats. Widy-Tyszkiewicz E et al 1993
• Behavioral parameters of the spatial memory correlate with the potentiation of the population spike, but not with the population excitatory postsynaptic potential, of the CA1 region in rat hippocampal slices. Kleschevnikov AM et al 1993
• Cumulative long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus correlates with, but does not modify, performance in the water maze. Jeffery KJ et al 1993
• Differential effects of kindling and kindled seizures on place learning in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1993
• An examination of the relations between hippocampal long-term potentiation, kindling, afterdischarge, and place learning in the water maze. Cain DP et al 1993
• Cognitive and neurologic deficits in the MRL/lpr mouse: a clinicopathologic study. Hess DC et al 1993
• The disturbance of water-maze task performance in mice with EMC-D virus infection. Yayou K et al 1993
• Effects of NBM lesions with two neurotoxins on spatial memory and autoshaping. Steckler T et al 1993
• Enhanced acquisition of reversal training in a spatial learning task in rats treated with chronic nimodipine. McMonagle-Strucko K et al 1993
• Memory effects of standardized extracts of Panax ginseng (G115), Ginkgo biloba (GK 501) and their combination Gincosan (PHL-00701). Petkov VD et al 1993
• [Impairment of learning and memory and the accessory symptom in aged rats as senile dementia model (2)--Learning and memory] Nabeshima T et al 1993
• Comparison of GM1 ganglioside, AGF2, and D-amphetamine as treatments for spatial reversal and place learning deficits following lesions of the neostriatum. Dunbar GL et al 1993
• Spatial learning during the course of autoimmune disease in MRL mice. Sakic B et al 1993
• Longlasting consequences of chronic treatment with the dopamine agonist quinpirole for the undrugged behavior of rats. Einat H et al 1993
• Persistent effects of subchronic toluene exposure on spatial learning and memory, dopamine-mediated locomotor activity and dopamine D2 agonist binding in the rat. von Euler G et al 1993
• D-cycloserine attenuates scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in rats. Fishkin RJ et al 1993
• [The effect of nooglutil and piracetam on different forms of operant learning] Inozemtsev AN et al 1993
• Neuroprotective effect of felbamate after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Chronopoulos A et al 1993
• Neocortical, hippocampal and septal parvalbumin- and somatostatin-containing neurons in young and aged rats: correlation with passive avoidance and water maze performance. Miettinen R et al 1993
• Effects of folic acid and folinic acid on cognitive and motor behaviors in 20-month-old rats. Lalonde R et al 1993
• Enhanced disruptive spatial learning effect after sufentanil in renal hypertensive rats versus normotensive rats. Widy-Tyszkiewicz E et al 1993
• Electroconvulsive shock-induced impairment of spatial learning is aggravated by nifedipine. Popik P et al 1993
• In utero methamphetamine effects: I. Behavior and monoamine uptake sites in adult offspring. Weissman AD et al 1993
• Neonatal exogenous testosterone modifies sex difference in radial arm and Morris water maze performance in prepubescent and adult rats. Roof RL et al 1993
• Hippocampal choline acetyltransferase activity correlates with spatial learning in aged rats. Dunbar GL et al 1993
• Characterization of disulfoton-induced behavioral and neurochemical effects following repeated exposure. Llorens J et al 1993
• Effect of a high linoleate and a high alpha-linolenate diet on general behavior and drug sensitivity in mice. Nakashima Y et al 1993
• Effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) in rats with basal forebrain lesions. Ogawa S et al 1993
• How does environmental enrichment aid performance following cortical injury in the rat? Rose FD et al 1993
• Effects of psychoactive drugs or stress on learning, memory, and performance as assessed using a novel water maze task. Kant GJ et al 1993
• An ACTH/MSH(4-9) analog counteracts the behavioral effects of a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Oitzl MS et al 1993
• Quinolinic acid lesion of the striatum induces impairment in spatial learning and motor performance in rats. Block F et al 1993
• Behavioural changes after ablation of subdivisions of the rat prefrontal cortex. Mogensen J et al 1993
• Odorized air current trailing by garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. Waters RM et al 1993
• The neuropharmacological and neurochemical basis of place learning in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1993
• Effects of an inhibitor of GABA-aminotransferase (gamma-vinyl-GABA) on the spatial navigation deficit induced by nicotinic blockade. Mazurkiewicz M et al 1993
• Energy metabolism and structural factors of long-term grafts in the CNS of rat correlate with graft induced recovery of function. Sprick U et al 1993
• The interaction of L-deprenyl and scopolamine on spatial learning/memory in rats. Yavich L et al 1993
• Enhancement of Y-maze learning by piracetam, 2-thio-1-pyrrolidine-acetamide and 2-thio-1-pyrrolidine-thio-acetamide in rats. Soerensen JB et al 1993
• Chronic corticosterone treatment potentiates deficits following traumatic brain injury in rats: implications for aging. White-Gbadebo D et al 1993
• Mild experimental brain injury in the rat induces cognitive deficits associated with regional neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Hicks RR et al 1993
• Chronic effects of monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors on the behaviour of aged mice. Barber AJ et al 1993
• Detailed characterization of the biological activities of recombinant human nerve growth factor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Kakihana M et al 1993
• A longitudinal study of reaction time performance in Long-Evans rats. Burwell RD et al 1993
• Behavioral effects of non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists. Lalonde R et al 1993
• Effects of environmental enrichment on cortical depth and Morris-maze performance in B6D2F2 mice exposed prenatally to ethanol. Wainwright PE et al 1993
• The effects of various levels of ascorbic acid on the response of the ODS rat to trimethyltin. Bannon AW et al 1993
• Linopirdine (DuP996) facilitates the retention of avoidance training and improves performance of septal-lesioned rats in the water maze. Brioni JD et al 1993
• Voluntary ethanol drinking increases locomotor activity in alcohol-preferring AA rats. Paivarinta P et al 1993
• Visual memory and visual spatial functions in the rat following parietal and temporal cortex injuries. Davis BK et al 1993
• Attenuation of scopolamine-induced spatial memory deficits in the rat by cholinomimetic and non-cholinomimetic drugs using a novel task in the 12-arm radial maze. Dennes RP et al 1993
• Chronic treatments with cholinoceptor drugs influence spatial learning in rats. Abdulla FA et al 1993
• Phencyclidine disrupts long- but not short-term memory within a spatial learning task. Kesner RP et al 1993
• Dextrorphan attenuates the behavioral consequences of ischemia and the biochemical consequences of anoxia: possible role of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism and ATP replenishing action in its cerebroprotecting profile. Himori N et al 1993
• AF102B, a novel M1 agonist, enhanced spatial learning in C57BL/10 mice with a long duration of action. Vincent GP et al 1992
• Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats differ in their spatial navigation performance during ontogeny and at maturity. Tonkiss J et al 1992
• The effect of age on motor and cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury in rats. Hamm RJ et al 1992
• Relation of rotation to egocentric and allocentric spatial learning in the rat. Crowne DP et al 1992
• Behavioural, biochemical and histological effects of AF64A following injection into the third ventricle of the mouse. Lamberty Y et al 1992
• Reversal of learning and memory impairments following lesion of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) by concurrent noradrenergic depletion using DSP4 in the rat. Moran PM et al 1992
• D-cycloserine, a modulator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, improves spatial learning in rats treated with muscarinic antagonist. Sirvio J et al 1992
• Stimulation of 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal hippocampus impairs acquisition and performance of a spatial task in a water maze. Carli M et al 1992
• Effects of the new cognition-enhancing agent nefiracetam in rats with cerebral embolism. Tanaka S et al 1992
• Age-dependent changes in long-term seizure susceptibility and behavior after hypoxia in rats. Jensen FE et al 1992
• Differential effects of age on subpopulations of hippocampal theta cells. Mizumori SJ et al 1992
• Spatial learning impairments in rats with selective immunolesion of the forebrain cholinergic system. Nilsson OG et al 1992
• Evidence for a role of the neuropeptide galanin in spatial learning. Ogren SO et al 1992
• Premature decline in Morris water maze performance of aging micrencephalic rats. Lee MH et al 1992
• Effect of oxiracetam on scopolamine-induced amnesia in the rat in a spatial learning task. Pitsikas N et al 1992
• Serial injections of MK 801 (Dizocilpine) in neonatal rats reduce behavioral deficits associated with X-ray-induced hippocampal granule cell hypoplasia. Mickley GA et al 1992
• Effects of haloperidol on the acquisition of a spatial learning task. Ploeger GE et al 1992
• Behavioral response of rats with cortical lesions to cholinomimetics. Garofalo L et al 1992
• [Strain differences of mice in learning of swimming behavior and effect of hemicholinium and vasopressin. Observation by a simple water maze apparatus] Yamada K et al 1992
• Alterations in septohippocampal cholinergic innervations and related behaviors after early exposure to heroin and phencyclidine. Yanai J et al 1992
• Independent effects of age and nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesion: maze learning, cortical neurochemistry, and morphometry. Connor DJ et al 1992
• Effect of CDP-choline on learning and memory processes in rodents. Petkov VD et al 1992
• Behavioural, biochemical and histological effects of trimethyltin (TMT) induced brain damage in the rat. Earley B et al 1992
• Effects of chronic forced swimming and exposure to alarm substance: physiological and behavioral consequences. Abel EL et al 1992
• Limbic seizures, but not kindling, reversibly impair place learning in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1992
• Muscimol infused into the medial septal area impairs long-term memory but not short-term memory in inhibitory avoidance, water maze place learning and rewarded alternation tasks. Nagahara AH et al 1992
• Early post-natal administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine destroys 5-HT neurons but does not affect spatial memory. Volpe BT et al 1992
• Attenuation by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, ZK 93 426, of the deficit in spatial navigation induced by nucleus basalis lesions. Mazurkiewicz M et al 1992
• Those cheating rats: male and female rats use odor trails in a water-escape "working memory" task. Means LW et al 1992
• Short forms of the "reference-" and "working-memory" Morris water maze for assessing age-related deficits. Lindner MD et al 1992
• Alterations in hippocampal cholinergic receptors and hippocampal behaviors after early exposure to nicotine. Yanai J et al 1992
• Place and taste aversion learning: role of basal forebrain, parietal cortex, and amygdala. Kesner RP et al 1992
• Prenatal exposure to cocaine. II: Effects on open-field activity and cognitive behavior in Sprague-Dawley rats. Johns JM et al 1992
• Protective effect of cerulein on memory impairment induced by protein synthesis inhibitors in rats. Itoh S et al 1992
• Effects of L-threo- and erythro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine on learning performance and concentrations of brain noradrenaline and its metabolites in rats. Harada H et al 1992
• Buspirone produces a dose-related impairment in spatial navigation. McNaughton N et al 1992
• Effects of an inhibitor of GABA-aminotransferase (gamma-vinyl-GABA) on the spatial navigation deficit induced by muscarinic blockade. Mazurkiewicz M et al 1992
• Enriched environment primes forebrain choline acetyltransferase activity to respond to learning experience. Park GA et al 1992
• Vasopressin administration via microdialysis into the septum interferes with the acquisition of spatial memory in rats. Engelmann M et al 1992
• Spatial learning impairment in a murine model of AIDS. Sei Y et al 1992
• A behavioral study of bilateral middle cerebral artery hemorrhagic ischemia in rats. Tucker JC et al 1992
• Neonatal brain dopamine depletion and the cortical and behavioral consequences of enriched postweaning environment. Pappas BA et al 1992
• Behavioral effects of continuous hippocampal stimulation in the developing rat. Thurber S et al 1992
• Effects of combined methysergide and mecamylamine/scopolamine treatment on spatial navigation. Riekkinen M et al 1992
• Corralling atrial fibrillation with 'maze' surgery. Kater KM et al 1992
• Chronic sodium azide treatment impairs learning of the Morris water maze task. Bennett MC et al 1992
• Hippocampal cholinergic alterations and related behavioral deficits after early exposure to phenobarbital. Rogel-Fuchs Y et al 1992
• Pathophysiological significance of brain acidic fibroblast growth factor. Oomura Y et al 1992
• Let there be light--the laser in dentistry. Mercer C et al 1992
• Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency induces dementia-like deficits in aged rats. de la Torre JC et al 1992
• Diencephalic lesions, learning impairments, and intact retrograde memory following acute thiamine deficiency in the rat. Langlais PJ et al 1992
• Involvement of glycine site associated with the NMDA receptor in hippocampal long-term potentiation and acquisition of spatial memory in rats. Watanabe Y et al 1992
• Double dissociation of fornix and caudate nucleus lesions on acquisition of two water maze tasks: further evidence for multiple memory systems. Packard MG et al 1992
• [Study of the role of different types of glutamate receptors in spatial memory in rats] Petrov VI et al 1992
• Effects of noradrenergic DSP4 lesion on the effectiveness of pilocarpine in reversing scopolamine-induced amnesia. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1992
• Hypoxia produces cell death in the rat hippocampus in the presence of an A1 adenosine receptor antagonist: an anatomical and behavioral study. Boissard CG et al 1992
• Alterations in the properties of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the aged rat. Potier B et al 1992
• Environmental enrichment, neocortical ectopias, and behavior in the autoimmune NZB mouse. Schrott LM et al 1992
• Chronic neonatal MK-801 treatment results in an impairment of spatial learning in the adult rat. Gorter JA et al 1992
• Protective effects of brain hypothermia on behavior and histopathology following global cerebral ischemia in rats. Green EJ et al 1992
• Quantitative effects of cerebral infarction on spatial learning in rats. Lyden PD et al 1992
• [Reproductive and developmental toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) (4)--Perinatal and postnatal study in rats by oral administration] Aso S et al 1992
• Learning deficits after unilateral AF64A lesions in the rat basal forebrain: role of cholinergic and noncholinergic systems. Nakamura S et al 1992
• Mice housed in a cage with a maze learn the maze without explicit training. Masuda Y et al 1992
• Effects of vinconate, a novel vinca alkaloid, on spatial learning deficits induced by the basal forebrain lesion in rats. Kinoshita H et al 1992
• Spatial learning ability of rats undernourished during early postnatal life. Bedi KS et al 1992
• The performance of WKY rats on three tests of emotional behavior. Pare WP et al 1992
• Senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM): age-related reduced anxiety-like behavior in the SAM-P/8 strain. Miyamoto M et al 1992
• Increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in rat hippocampus is associated with improved spatial memory and enriched environment. Falkenberg T et al 1992
• Dissociation of spatial navigation and visual guidance performance in Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) mutant mice. Goodlett CR et al 1992
• Daily glucose injections facilitate performance of a win-stay water-escape working memory task in mice. Means LW et al 1992
• In vitro autoradiography of hippocampal excitatory amino acid binding in aged Fischer 344 rats: relationship to performance on the Morris water maze. Clark AS et al 1992
• Resistance of baseline activity in the elevated plus-maze to exogenous influences. Falter U U et al 1992
• Contextual control of conflicting associations in the developing rat. Moye TB et al 1992
• Effects of an oil enriched in gamma linolenic acid on locomotor activity and behaviour in the Morris Maze, following in utero ethanol exposure in rats. Duffy O et al 1992
• Behavioral effects of concurrent lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and the dorsal noradrenergic bundle. Connor DJ et al 1992
• Amygdala kindling increased fear-response, but did not impair spatial memory in rats. Nieminen SA et al 1992
• Expression of urinary H-2 odortypes by infant mice. Yamazaki K et al 1992
• [Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on angiotensin II--and water deprivation-induced drinking behavior in rats] Tian DR et al 1992
• Effects of concurrent nicotinic antagonist and PCPA treatments on spatial and passive avoidance learning. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1992
• Nerve growth factor (NGF) in rat brain following long-term barbital treatment: relation to convulsions and cognitive function. Wahlstrom G et al 1992
• Lesions of the rat postsubiculum impair performance on spatial tasks. Taube JS et al 1992
• Effects of BIM-22015, an analog of ACTH4-10, on functional recovery after frontal cortex injury. Attella MJ et al 1992
• 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin impairs spatial learning in a water maze: role of postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors. Carli M et al 1992
• Orientation of Aplysia californica to distant food sources. Teyke T et al 1992
• Early onset of age-related impairment of aversive and appetitive learning in the SAM-P/8 mouse. Flood JF et al 1992
• Effects of tetrahydroaminoacridine on spatial navigation of nucleus-basalis- and frontal-cortex-lesioned rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1992
• Atipamezole, an alpha 2 antagonist, stabilizes age-related high-voltage spindle and passive avoidance defects. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1992
• Effects of prepregnancy ethanol on neuromotor development, activity, and learning. Torres FK et al 1992
• Assessment of a cholinergic contribution to chlordiazepoxide-induced deficits of place learning in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1992
• Effects of nicotine on spatial memory deficits in rats with septal lesions. Decker MW et al 1992
• Effects of transplantation of fetal hippocampal or hindbrain tissue into the brains of adult rats with hippocampal lesions on water maze acquisition. Woodruff ML et al 1992
• Selective corticosteroid antagonists modulate specific aspects of spatial orientation learning. Oitzl MS et al 1992
• Spatial memory in aged rats: population heterogeneity and effect of levocarnitine acetyl. Ghirardi O et al 1992
• The effects of dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2 agonist, on learning and memory, assessed using passive avoidance and water maze tasks in rats. Sirvio J et al 1992
• Impaired acquisition of the Morris water maze following global ischemic damage in the gerbil. Corbett D et al 1992
• Behavioural and electrophysiological studies of entorhinal cortex lesions in the rat. Hagan JJ et al 1992
• Siagoside selectively attenuates morphological and functional striatal impairments induced by transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Merlo Pich E et al 1992
• [Synthesis of 1-trans-cinnamoyl- and 1-[trans-3-(pyridyl)acryloyl]-2-pyrrolidinone derivatives and their effect on hemicholinium-induced impairment of water maze learning in mice] Nagasaka T et al 1992
• Learning impairment following intracerebral administration of the HIV envelope protein gp120 or a VIP antagonist. Glowa JR et al 1992
• Individual behavioral characteristics and extent of stress-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Murison R et al 1992
• Behavioral effects of stem-leaves extract from panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Petkov VD et al 1992
• Hippocampal mobility-related theta activity is not diminished by vigabatrin, a GABAmimetic antiepileptic drug, in normal rats. Ylinen A et al 1992
• Bilateral knife cuts to the perforant path disrupt spatial learning in the Morris water maze. Skelton RW et al 1992
• Preserved configural learning and spatial learning impairment in rats with hippocampal damage. Gallagher M et al 1992
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, angiotensin, and cognition. Barnes JM et al 1992
• The effects of alaproclate and p-chlorophenylalanine on cued navigation performance in rats. Jakala P et al 1992
• The effects of alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, on spatial learning in scopolamine-treated and aged rats. Sirvio J et al 1992
• The NMDA receptor antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate (D-AP5) impairs spatial learning and LTP in vivo at intracerebral concentrations comparable to those that block LTP in vitro. Davis S et al 1992
• A new computer program for detailed off-line analysis of swimming navigation in the Morris water maze. Wolfer DP et al 1992
• Cognitive deficits following traumatic brain injury produced by controlled cortical impact. Hamm RJ et al 1992
• Progressive decline in spatial learning and integrity of forebrain cholinergic neurons in rats during aging. Fischer W et al 1992
• Persistent changes in behaviour and brain serotonin during ageing in rats subjected to infant nasal virus infection. Mohammed AK et al 1992
• An ACTH4-9 analog enhances social attention in aging rats: a longitudinal study. Spruijt BM et al 1992
• Loss of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis induces neocortical electroencephalographic and passive avoidance deficits. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1992
• Delayed treatment with nerve growth factor improves acquisition of a spatial task in rats with lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis: evaluation of the involvement of different neurotransmitter systems. Dekker AJ et al 1992
• Branched chain amino acids improve radial-arm maze acquisition and water maze forced-choice learning in rat offspring exposed in utero to hyperphenylalaninemia. Vorhees CV et al 1992
• Parenteral domoic acid impairs spatial learning in mice. Petrie BF et al 1992
• Diazepam impairs retention of spatial information without affecting retrieval or cue learning. Brioni JD et al 1992
• Effects of systemic and intracerebroventricular administration of mecamylamine, a nicotinic cholinergic antagonist, on spatial memory in rats. Decker MW et al 1992
• Preliminary evidence for methamphetamine-induced behavioral and ocular effects in rat offspring following exposure during early organogenesis. Acuff-Smith KD et al 1992
• Pharmacological dissociation between the spatial learning deficits produced by morphine and diazepam. McNamara RK et al 1992
• Like diazepam, CL 218,872, a selective ligand for the benzodiazepine omega 1 receptor subtype, impairs place learning in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1992
• Improved acquisition of left-right response differentiation in the rat following section of the corpus callosum. Noonan M et al 1991
• The effects of NGF and fetal cell transplants on spatial learning after intradentate administration of colchicine. Barone S Jr et al 1991
• Transgenic mice for the amyloid precursor protein 695 isoform have impaired spatial memory. Yamaguchi F et al 1991
• The effects of prenatal nicotine on radial-arm maze performance in rats. Sorenson CA et al 1991
• Influence of neurotransplantation on rats' behavior with different conditions of reinforcement. Zukhar AV et al 1991
• Neonatal anoxia induces transitory hyperactivity, permanent spatial memory deficits and CA1 cell density reduction in developing rats. Dell'Anna ME et al 1991
• The effect of flumazenil on acquisition, retention, and retrieval of spatial information. Brioni JD et al 1991
• The effects of noradrenergic neurotoxin, DSP-4, on the performance of young and aged rats in spatial navigation task. Sirvio J et al 1991
• The effect of tacrine (THA) on cycloheximide- and basal forebrain lesion-induced memory deficit in rats. Nabeshima T et al 1991
• The behavioral effects of bilateral middle cerebral artery hemorrhagic ischemia in rat. McDaniel WF et al 1991
• Memory impairment and morphological changes in rats after continuous infusion of active fragment of anti-nerve growth factor-antibody. Nabeshima T et al 1991
• Spatial learning, discrimination learning, paw preference and neocortical ectopias in two autoimmune strains of mice. Denenberg VH et al 1991
• Chronic administration of flumazenil (Ro 15-1788) enhances non-appetitive exploratory behavior of rats. Marczynski TJ et al 1991
• [A simple multiple maze test to estimate learning and memory in mice: application to the effect of scopolamine on learning and memory] Masuda Y et al 1991
• Role of parietal cortex and hippocampus in representing spatial information. Kesner RP et al 1991
• The postweaning housing environment determines expression of learning deficit associated with neonatal monosodium glutamate (M.S.G.). Fisher KN et al 1991
• Behavioral and anatomical consequences of unilateral fornix lesions and the administration of nimodipine. Danks AM et al 1991
• The histopathological, behavioral and neurochemical effects of intraventricular injection of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) in the neonatal rat. Armstrong JN et al 1991
• In vivo acetylcholine release as measured by microdialysis is unaltered in the hippocampus of cognitively impaired aged rats with degenerative changes in the basal forebrain. Fischer W et al 1991
• Increased GABAergic transmission aggravates nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesion-induced behavioral deficits. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1991
• Comparison of the effects of acute and chronic ibotenic and quisqualic acid nucleus basalis lesioning. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1991
• Effects of haloperidol on motor and cognitive functioning in aged mice. Hoskins B et al 1991
• [The effects of prenatal triphenyltin exposure on learning and development in the rat] Miyake K et al 1991
• Effects of ketamine and 1-glutamic acid diethyl ester on concept learning in rats. Lalonde R et al 1991
• Forebrain ischemia induces selective behavioral impairments associated with hippocampal injury in rats. Gionet TX et al 1991
• Behavioral impairments after lesions of the nucleus basalis by ibotenic acid and quisqualic acid. Connor DJ et al 1991
• Spatial performance correlates with in vitro potentiation in young and aged Fischer 344 rats. Deupree DL et al 1991
• Behavioural, electrophysiological and histopathological changes following sustained stimulation of the perforant pathway input to the hippocampus: effect of the NMDA receptor antagonist, CGP 39551. Ylinen A et al 1991
• The effects of chronic alcohol consumption or thiamin deficiency on radial-arm maze performance in the rat. Homewood J et al 1991
• Spatial problem-solving in a wheel-shaped maze: quantitative and qualitative analyses of the behavioural changes following damage to the hippocampus in the rat. Buhot MC et al 1991
• Medial frontal lesions, postoperative treatment with an ACTH(4-9) analog, and acquisition of a win-shift spatial strategy. McDaniel WF et al 1991
• The effects of guanfacine, alpha-2 agonist, on the performance of young and aged rats in spatial navigation task. Sirvio J et al 1991
• Simplifying environmental cues in a Morris-type water maze improves place learning in old NMRI mice. Lamberty Y et al 1991
• Learning and memory of a water T-maze by rats selectively bred for low or high plasma catecholamine stress responses. Vogel WH et al 1991
• Comparison of quisqualic and ibotenic acid nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesions on water-maze and passive avoidance performance. Riekkinen M et al 1991
• Prenatal stress effects on exploratory activity and stress-induced analgesia in rats. Szuran T et al 1991
• Induction of cognitive deficits by immunization with cholinergic cell bodies: the influence of age and integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Alroy G et al 1991
• NGF improves spatial memory in aged rodents as a function of age. Fischer W et al 1991
• Effects of 2,5-hexanedione alone and in combination with acetone on radial arm maze behavior, the "brain-swelling" reaction and synaptosomal functions. Lam HR et al 1991
• Effects of THA on passive avoidance and spatial performance in quisqualic acid nucleus basalis-lesioned rats. Aaltonen M et al 1991
• Reversible inactivation of the insular cortex by tetrodotoxin produces retrograde and anterograde amnesia for inhibitory avoidance and spatial learning. Bermudez-Rattoni F et al 1991
• Visuospatial asymmetries and interocular transfer in the split-brain rat. Adelstein A et al 1991
• The effects of serotonin depletion and raphe grafts on hippocampal electrophysiology and behavior. Richter-Levin G et al 1991
• Aged-related changes in learning and memory, choline acetyltransferase activity and number of neuronal cells in rats. Ishimaru H et al 1991
• Improvement of cognitive function by MAO-B inhibitor L-deprenyl in aged rats. Brandeis R et al 1991
• Effects of MK-801 on learning and memory as assessed using a novel water maze. Kant GJ et al 1991
• Biochemical and behavioral characterization of a novel cholinergic agonist, SR 95639. Boast CA et al 1991
• Tetrahydroaminoacridine alleviates medial septal lesion-induced and age-related spatial reference but not working memory deficits. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1991
• A kampo prescription, shimotsu-to, improves scopolamine-induced spatial cognitive deficits in rats. Watanabe H et al 1991
• Subcutaneous injection of carbachol enhances brain graft-induced recovery of memory-function by circumventing the blood-brain barrier. Sprick U et al 1991
• Chronic oral treatment with diltiazem or verapamil decreases isolation-induced activity impairment in elevated plus maze. Jankowska E et al 1991
• Staurosporine facilitates recovery from the basal forebrain-lesion-induced impairment of learning and deficit of cholinergic neuron in rats. Nabeshima T et al 1991
• Functional elongation of CA1 hippocampal neurons with aging in Fischer 344 rats. Turner DA et al 1991
• Hyperactivity and spatial maze learning impairment of adult rats with temporary neonatal hypothyroidism. Akaike M et al 1991
• The effects of increased serotonergic and decreased cholinergic activities on spatial navigation performance in rats. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1991
• The effect of subchronic administration of vigabatrin on learning and memory in nonepileptic rats. Sirvio J et al 1991
• The effects of cholinergic drugs and cholinergic-rich foetal neural transplants on alcohol-induced deficits in radial maze performance in rats. Hodges H et al 1991
• (+-)-cis-2-methyl-spiro(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3')quinuclidine, an M1 selective cholinergic agonist, attenuates cognitive dysfunctions in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Fisher A et al 1991
• The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. IV. Surgical technique. Cox JL et al 1991
• The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. III. Development of a definitive surgical procedure. Cox JL et al 1991
• Age-dependent changes in receptor-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover in the rat hippocampus. Tandon P et al 1991
• A water-maze discrimination learning deficit in the rat following lesion of the habenula. Thornton EW et al 1991
• Previous experience facilitates preservation of spatial memory in the senescent rat. Pitsikas N et al 1991
• Learning disturbances following excitotoxic lesion of cholinergic pedunculo-pontine nucleus in the rat. Dellu F et al 1991
• The effects of iron deficiency and electric shock on learning in rats. Yehuda S et al 1991
• An analysis of factors influencing complex water maze learning in rats: effects of task complexity, path order and escape assistance on performance following prenatal exposure to phenytoin. Vorhees CV et al 1991
• Diazepam impairs acquisition but not performance in the Morris water maze. McNamara RK et al 1991
• Influences of the rearing conditions on functional properties of the rat's prefrontal system. Mogensen J et al 1991
• Memory impairment and morphological changes in rats induced by active fragment of anti-nerve growth factor-antibody. Nabeshima T et al 1991
• Working memory and the aged rat: deficient two-choice win-stay water-escape acquisition and retention. Means LW et al 1991
• Spatial learning of adult rats with fetal alcohol exposure: deficits are sex-dependent. Zimmerberg B et al 1991
• Staurosporine, a protein kinase inhibitor, attenuates basal forebrain-lesion-induced amnesia and cholinergic neuronal deficit. Nabeshima T et al 1991
• Relationship between brain damage and memory impairment in rats exposed to transient forebrain ischemia. Kiyota Y et al 1991
• Cholinergic modulation of spatial learning in mice in a Morris-type water maze. Lamberty Y et al 1991
• Diazepam impairs place learning in the Morris water maze. Arolfo MP et al 1991
• Water maze learning in rats with neocortical and hippocampal lesions. Macedo CF et al 1991
• [Comparative study in aged rats of behavioral deficiencies and morphometrical modifications of galanin containing neurons in the medial septal area] de Bilbao F et al 1991
• [The effect of N-acetylaspartic acid on the processes of memory and learning in rats] Kovalev GV et al 1991
• Local cerebral glucose utilization in the brain of old, learning impaired rats. Wree A et al 1991
• Effects of a novel cholinergic M1 agonist, AF102B, on ambulation and water drinking behavior in rats. Togashi H et al 1991
• BMY 21502 and piracetam facilitate performance of two-choice win-stay water-escape in normal rats. Means LW et al 1991
• Evaluation of memory dysfunction following experimental brain injury using the Morris water maze. Smith DH et al 1991
• Intracerebral administration of alpha-tocopherol-containing liposomes facilitates behavioral recovery in rats with bilateral lesions of the frontal cortex. Stein DG et al 1991
• Dissociable effects on spatial maze and passive avoidance acquisition and retention following AMPA- and ibotenic acid-induced excitotoxic lesions of the basal forebrain in rats: differential dependence on cholinergic neuronal loss. Page KJ et al 1991
• High doses of aspartame have no effects on sensorimotor function or learning and memory in rats. Tilson HA et al 1991
• Long-term behavioral and neurochemical effects of intradentate administration of colchicine in rats. Tandon P et al 1991
• Anatomical and behavioral sequelae of fetal brain transplants in rats with trimethyltin-induced neurodegeneration. Woodruff ML et al 1991
• Animal test systems to study behavioral dysfunctions of neurodegenerative disorders. Anger WK et al 1991
• Comparison of tetrahydroaminoacridine and physostigmine on scopolamine-induced free swim behavior in the rat. Dokla CP et al 1991
• Nerve growth factor levels and choline acetyltransferase activity in the brain of aged rats with spatial memory impairments. Hellweg R et al 1990
• The effect of gamma-vinyl-GABA on the performance of nucleus basalis-lesioned rats in spatial navigation task. Hannila T et al 1990
• The effects of forebrain ischaemia on spatial learning. Hagan JJ et al 1990
• The effects of dorsal noradrenergic bundle lesions on spatial learning, locomotor activity, and reaction to novelty. Valjakka A et al 1990
• Sources of maternal odors and the development of odor preferences in baby pigs. Morrow-Tesch J et al 1990
• Hippocampal representation in place learning. Eichenbaum H et al 1990
• Discrimination learning alters the distribution of protein kinase C in the hippocampus of rats. Olds JL et al 1990
• Effects of concurrent manipulations of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors on spatial and passive avoidance learning. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1990
• Odor types determined by the major histocompatibility complex in germfree mice. Yamazaki K et al 1990
• Acute exposure to tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate produces hippocampal neuronal loss and impairs learning in rats. Tilson HA et al 1990
• Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in aged, cognitively impaired and cognitively unimpaired rats. Issa AM et al 1990
• [Toxicity of bis (tri-n-butyltin) oxide on learning and development in the rat] Miyake K et al 1990
• Environmental influence on behaviour and nerve growth factor in the brain. Mohammed AK et al 1990
• Reversible inactivation of the medial septum differentially affects two forms of learning in rats. Mizumori SJ et al 1990
• Org2766 improves performance of rats with unilateral lesions in the fimbria fornix in a spatial learning task. Spruijt B et al 1990
• Interaction between raphe dorsalis and nucleus basalis magnocellularis in spatial learning. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1990
• Spatial learning is affected by transient occlusion of common carotid arteries (2VO): comparison of behavioural and histopathological changes after '2VO' and 'four-vessel-occlusion' in rats. Jaspers RM et al 1990
• Acetyl-1-carnitine. 2: Effects on learning and memory performance of aged rats in simple and complex mazes. Barnes CA et al 1990
• The ACTH/MSH (4-9) analog Org2766 improves retrieval of information after a fimbria fornix transection. Pitsikas N et al 1990
• MK-801 impedes the acquisition of a spatial memory task in rats. McLamb RL et al 1990
• Task-dependent memory loss and recovery following unilateral nucleus basalis lesion: behavioral and neurochemical correlation. Nakamura S et al 1990
• Muscimol injections in the medial septum impair spatial learning. Brioni JD et al 1990
• Behavior of alcohol-preferring AA and alcohol-avoiding ANA rat lines in tests of anxiety and aggression. Tuominen K et al 1990
• The effect of early experience on water maze spatial learning and memory in rats. Tees RC et al 1990
• Effect of life-long hypocaloric diet on age-related changes in motor and cognitive behavior in a rat population. Pitsikas N et al 1990
• Prenatal exposure to antiadrenergic antihypertensive drugs: effects on neurobehavioral development and the behavioral consequences of enriched rearing. Ryan CL et al 1990
• Damage to ceruleo-cortical noradrenergic projections impairs locally cued but enhances spatially cued water maze acquisition. Selden NR et al 1990
• Effects of prenatal ethanol and long-chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation on development in mice. 1. Body and brain growth, sensorimotor development, and water T-maze reversal learning. Wainwright PE et al 1990
• Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine alters the behavior of enriched-impoverished rats in a novel test environment. Saari MJ et al 1990
• Effects of quisqualic acid nucleus basalis lesioning on cortical EEG, passive avoidance and water maze performance. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1990
• Tetrahydroaminoacridine improves the spatial acquisition deficit produced by nucleus basalis lesions in rats. Kwo-On-Yuen PF et al 1990
• The effects of THA on medial septal lesion-induced memory defects. Riekkinen P Jr et al 1990
• Low dose tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) improves cognitive function but does not affect brain acetylcholine in rats. Hodges H et al 1990
• Age-related changes in spontaneous behavior and learning in NMRI mice from maturity to middle age. Lamberty Y et al 1990
• Amelioration of spatial memory impairment by intrahippocampal grafts of mixed septal and raphe tissue in rats with combined cholinergic and serotonergic denervation of the forebrain. Nilsson OG et al 1990
• Rat maze performance after resuscitation with cross-linked hemoglobin solution. Przybelski RJ et al 1990
• Reversal of age-related cognitive impairments by an M1 cholinergic agonist, AF102B. Brandeis R et al 1990
• MK-801 and AP5 impair acquisition, but not retention, of the Morris milk maze. Heale V et al 1990
• A computer-aided procedure for measuring Morris maze performance. Deneberg VH et al 1990
• Spontaneous and learned turning behaviour in food- or water-restricted hooded rats. Foreman N et al 1990
• Concurrent muscarinic and beta-adrenergic blockade in rats impairs place-learning in a water maze and retention of inhibitory avoidance. Decker MW et al 1990
• Neurotoxic lesions of the nucleus basalis induced by colchicine: effects on spatial navigation in the water maze. Mundy WR et al 1990
• Nucleus basalis lesions fail to induce senile plaques in the rat. Thal LJ et al 1990
• Differential expression of immediate early genes in the hippocampus and spinal cord. Wisden W et al 1990
• The effects of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on cognition in rodents and primates. Barnes JM et al 1990
• Diazepam-stress interactions in the rat: effects on autoanalgesia and a plus-maze model of anxiety. Taukulis HK et al 1990
• Dose-response effects of prenatal phenytoin exposure in rats: effects on early locomotion, maze learning, and memory as a function of phenytoin-induced circling behavior. Weisenburger WP et al 1990
• Chronic exposure to flumazenil: anxiolytic effect and increased exploratory behavior. Urbancic M et al 1990
• Kainate-induced functional deficits are not blocked by MK-801. Rogers BC et al 1990
• Differential effect of ketamine on the reference and working memory versions of the Morris water maze task. Wesierska M et al 1990
• Characterization of MDL 73005EF as a 5-HT1A selective ligand and its effects in animal models of anxiety: comparison with buspirone, 8-OH-DPAT and diazepam. Moser PC et al 1990
• Microinjection of dynorphin into the hippocampus impairs spatial learning in rats. McDaniel KL et al 1990
• Rats exposed prenatally to alcohol exhibit impairment in spatial navigation test. Gianoulakis C et al 1990
• Aging and regenerative capacity of the rat serotonergic system. A morphological, neurochemical and behavioral analysis after transplantation of fetal raphe cells. Steinbusch HW et al 1990
• Effects of seizures on learning, memory, and behavior in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Holmes GL et al 1990
• The residual spatial abilities of hippocampally lesioned rats can be enhanced by peripheral sympathetic-adrenal interventions. Maier DL et al 1990
• Testosterone fails to reverse spatial memory decline in aged rats and impairs retention in young and middle-aged animals. Goudsmit E et al 1990
• Effect of clonazepam on brain development of mice. Wang L et al 1990
• [The effects on the learning process of 4 pyrrolidine derivatives and of cyticholine (experiments on rats in a water maze)] Getova D et al 1990
• Behavioral correlates of theta-on and theta-off cells recorded from hippocampal formation of mature young and aged rats. Mizumori SJ et al 1990
• Spider toxin (JSTX-3) inhibits the memory retrieval of passive avoidance tests. Himi T et al 1990
• Atropine sulfate impairs selective parameters of performance in the Morris water maze. Rauch TM et al 1990
• Learning deficits in aged rats pretreated chronically with barbital and tested late in abstinence: alleviation by tetrahydroaminoacridine. Mohammed AK et al 1990
• S-emopamil ameliorates ischemic brain damage in rats: histological and behavioural approaches. Block F et al 1990
• Chronic flumazenil (Ro 15-1788) facilitates acquisition and retention of a swim-escape response in rats. Urbancic M et al 1990
• Enriched housing masks deficits in place navigation induced by neonatal monosodium glutamate. Saari MJ et al 1990
• Effects of exposure period and nutrition on the developmental neurotoxicity of anticonvulsants in rats: short and long-term effects. Vorhees CV et al 1990
• Comparative sensitivity of neurobehavioral tests for chemical screening. Moser VC et al 1990
• Stereospecificity of N-MDA-induced functional deficits. Rogers BC et al 1990
• Amino acids and memory consolidation in the cricket. I: Changes in the titer of free amino acids in nervous tissue after learning. Jaffe K et al 1990
• Amino acids and memory consolidation in the cricket. II: Effect of injected amino acids and opioids on memory. Jaffe K et al 1990
• Chlordiazepoxide reduces discriminability but not rate of forgetting in delayed conditional discrimination. Tan S et al 1990
• Therapeutic effect of THA on hemicholinium-3-induced learning impairment is independent of serotonergic and noradrenergic systems. Hagan JJ et al 1990
• Buspirone impairment of performance of passive avoidance and spatial learning tasks in the rat. Rowan MJ et al 1990
• Repeated exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) produces increased sensitivity to cholinergic antagonists in discrimination retention and reversal. Raffaele K et al 1990
• Pimozide does not impair sweetness discrimination. Willner P et al 1990
• Neuropeptide substance P improves water maze performance in aged rats. Hasenohrl RU et al 1990
• Ingestion of environmentally contaminated Lake Ontario salmon by laboratory rats increases avoidance of unpredictable aversive nonreward and mild electric shock. Daly HB et al 1989
• Ethanol and spatial localization. Devenport L et al 1989
• Region selective increase in activities of CNS cholinergic marker enzymes during learning of memory tasks in aged rats. Nakamura S et al 1989
• Damage to the hippocampal formation in rats selectively impairs the ability to learn cue relationships. Sutherland RJ et al 1989
• Hyperthermia impairs retrieval of an overtrained spatial task in the Morris water maze. Rauch TM et al 1989
• Preserved spatial coding in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells during reversible suppression of CA3c output: evidence for pattern completion in hippocampus. Mizumori SJ et al 1989
• Continuous physostigmine infusion in rats with excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis: effects on performance in the water maze task and cortical cholinergic markers. Mandel RJ et al 1989
• The effects of life-long food restriction on spatial memory in young and aged Fischer 344 rats measured in the eight-arm radial and the Morris water mazes. Stewart J et al 1989
• Relationship of age-related decline across several behavioral domains. Gallagher M et al 1989
• Arginine vasopressin 4-9 retards spatial alternation learning. McDaniel WF et al 1989
• Septal transplants ameliorate spatial deficits and restore cholinergic functions in rats with a damaged septo-hippocampal connection. Segal M et al 1989
• Colchicine-induced alterations of reference memory in rats: role of spatial versus non-spatial task components. Nanry KP et al 1989
• The neuropsychology of de novo patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: the effects of age of onset. Reid WG et al 1989
• ACTH 4-9 analog can retard spatial alternation learning in brain damaged and normal rats. McDaniel WF et al 1989
• Effects of ketamine on tunnel maze and water maze performance in the rat. Alessandri B et al 1989
• The use of the Morris Water Maze in the study of memory and learning. Brandeis R et al 1989
• Hypothermia impairs performance in the Morris water maze. Rauch TM et al 1989
• Functional deficits after sustained stimulation of the perforant path. Rogers BC et al 1989
• Behavioural and histological effects of low concentrations of intraventricular AF64A. Gower AJ et al 1989
• Y-chromosomal effects on discrimination learning and hippocampal asymmetry in mice. van Abeelen JH et al 1989
• Undernutrition during suckling and latent learning ability of rehabilitated adult male rats. Mello CF et al 1989
• [Method for evaluating the reinforcing properties of morphine in a model of addictive behavior] Surkova LA et al 1989
• Implementation of a primary screen for developmental neurotoxicity. Wier PJ et al 1989
• Selective improvement of aged rat short-term spatial memory by 3,4-diaminopyridine. Barnes CA et al 1989
• Behavioral effects of prenatal exposure to lidocaine in the rat: effects of dosage and of gestational age at administration. Smith RF et al 1989
• The effects of ACE inhibitors captopril and SQ29,852 in rodent tests of cognition. Costall B et al 1989
• The effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on radial arm maze performance in adult rats. Reyes E et al 1989
• Spatial learning in rats: correlation with cortical choline acetyltransferase and improvement with NGF following NBM damage. Mandel RJ et al 1989
• Neurobehavioral analysis of high-rate Sidman avoidance rat strain. Shigeta S et al 1989
• Effects of anterior or dorsomedial thalamic ibotenic lesions on learning and memory in rats. Beracochea DJ et al 1989
• Vestibular stimulation disrupts acquisition of place navigation in the Morris water tank task. Semenov LV et al 1989
• Temporally graded, age-related impairments in spatial memory in the rat. Aitken DH et al 1989
• Effects of 2-methoxyethanol on fetal development, postnatal behavior, and embryonic intracellular pH of rats. Nelson BK et al 1989
• Long-term effects of prenatal phenytoin exposure on offspring behavior in rats. Vorhees CV et al 1989
• Postischemic insulin reduces spatial learning deficit following transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Voll CL et al 1989
• Studies into the mechanisms of strain differences in hippocampus-related behaviors. Pick CG et al 1989
• Long-term deficits in water maze spatial conditional alternation performance following retrohippocampal lesions in rats. Goodlett CR et al 1989
• Brain transplants enhance rather than reduce the impairment of spatial memory and olfaction in bulbectomized rats. Amemori T et al 1989
• Effects of continuous infusion of cholinergic drugs on memory impairment in rats with basal forebrain lesions. Miyamoto M et al 1989
• The effect of embryonal amygdala grafts on the impairment of spatial working memory elicited in rats by kainate-induced amygdaloid damage. Ermakova IV et al 1989
• Raphe cells grafted into the hippocampus can ameliorate spatial memory deficits in rats with combined serotonergic/cholinergic deficiencies. Richter-Levin G et al 1989
• Effects of concurrent manipulations of cholinergic and noradrenergic function on learning and retention in mice. Decker MW et al 1989
• Spatial performance is severely impaired in rats with combined reduction of serotonergic and cholinergic transmission. Richter-Levin G et al 1989
• Enhanced detection of nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesion-induced spatial learning deficit in rats by modification of training regimen. Mandel RJ et al 1989
• The effects of ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus accumbens on spatial learning and extinction in the rat. Annett LE et al 1989
• Effects of prenatal heat stress on postnatal growth, behavior and learning capacity in mice. Shiota K et al 1989
• Rat maze performance after infusion of cross-linked hemoglobin solution. Przybelski RJ et al 1989
• Hippocampal granule cells are necessary for normal spatial learning but not for spatially-selective pyramidal cell discharge. McNaughton BL et al 1989
• Effects of cocaine hydrochloride on reproductive function and sexual behavior of male rats and on the behavior of their offspring. Abel EL et al 1989
• Immunization of rats with cholinergic neurons induces behavioral deficits. Chapman J et al 1989
• A homing procedure for studying spatial memory in immature and adult rodents. Schenk F et al 1989
• Individual differences in aging: behavioral and neurobiological correlates. Markowska AL et al 1989
• Effects of captopril on locomotor activity, passive avoidance behaviour and spatial memory tasks in the trimethyltin-treated rat. Earley B et al 1989
• Synaptic plasticity and learning. II: Do different kinds of plasticity underlie different kinds of learning? Morris RG et al 1989
• Limited neocortical devascularizing lesions causing deficits in memory retention and choline acetyltransferase activity--effects of the monosialoganglioside GM1. Elliott PJ et al 1989
• Effects of perinatal exposure to aspartame on rat pups. Holder MD et al 1989
• Alterations in offspring behavior induced by chronic prenatal cocaine dosing. Smith RF et al 1989
• Neural and behavioral alterations after early exposure to phenobarbital. Yanai J et al 1989
• The neurobehavioral consequences of N-methyl-D-aspartate (N-MDA) administration in rats. Rogers BC et al 1989
• Chronic phosphatidylserine treatment improves spatial memory and passive avoidance in aged rats. Zanotti A et al 1989
• Hemicholinium-3 impairs spatial learning and the deficit is reversed by cholinomimetics. Hagan JJ et al 1989
• [Exchange of the hematopoietic system changes chemosensory identity] Luszyk D et al 1989
• Behavioral effects of kainic acid administration on the immature brain. Holmes GL et al 1988
• Effect of low-intensity hippocampal stimulation on spatial versus working memory in rats. Parker TW et al 1988
• The influence of the hour of the day on the performance of male rats in water multiple T-maze. Iida H et al 1988
• Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopamine depletions: motor activity and performance in maze learning. Archer T et al 1988
• Maze performance: a direct comparison of food vs. water mazes. Kant GJ et al 1988
• Chronic, oral aluminum administration to rats: cognition and cholinergic parameters. Connor DJ et al 1988
• A correlation between regional acetylcholinesterase activity in rat brain and performance in a spatial task. Segal M et al 1988
• Frontal cortex grafts have opposite effects at different postoperative recovery times. Kolb B et al 1988
• Animal models of chronic anxiety and "fearlessness". Marczynski TJ et al 1988
• Effects of imipramine-like drugs and serotonin uptake blockers on delay of reward in rats. Possible implication in the behavioral mechanism of action of antidepressants. Bizot JC et al 1988
• Experimental approaches to age-related cognitive impairments. Gage FH et al 1988
• Electric activity in the neocortex of freely moving young and aged rats. Buzsaki G et al 1988
• A long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor reverses spatial memory deficits in mice. Sweeney JE et al 1988
• Spatial cognitive maps: differential role of parietal cortex and hippocampal formation. DiMattia BD et al 1988
• Does the mutant mouse lurcher have deficits in spatially oriented behaviours? Lalonde R et al 1988
• AF64A(ethylcholine aziridinium ion)-induced basal forebrain lesion impairs maze performance. Nakamura S et al 1988
• [Studies on the development of water maze-learning ability in rats (3). Effect of the learning schedule on learning acquisition] Hasegawa N et al 1988
• An age-related spatial learning deficit: choline uptake distinguishes "impaired" and "unimpaired" rats. Gallagher M et al 1988
• Impaired Biel and radial arm maze learning in rats with methylnitrosourea-induced microcephaly. Akaike M et al 1988
• Combined cholinergic and serotonergic denervation of the forebrain produces severe deficits in a spatial learning task in the rat. Nilsson OG et al 1988
• Galanin impairs acquisition but not retrieval of spatial memory in rats studied in the Morris swim maze. Sundstrom E et al 1988
• Constraints on water maze spatial learning in rats: implications for behavioral studies of brain damage and recovery of function. Goodlett CR et al 1988
• Subjects' skill and biphasic effects of met-enkephalin upon the acquisition and retention of a perceptual motor task. Woosley EA et al 1988
• The effect of pirenzepine on spatial learning in the Morris Water Maze. Hunter AJ et al 1988
• Reversal of increased anxiety during benzodiazepine withdrawal: evidence for an anxiogenic endogenous ligand for the benzodiazepine receptor. Baldwin HA et al 1988
• Impaired spatial navigation in adult female but not adult male rats exposed to alcohol during the brain growth spurt. Kelly SJ et al 1988
• Water-maze learning in the mouse correlates with variation in hippocampal morphology. Schwegler H et al 1988
• Does nondirectional signalization of target distance contribute to navigation in the Morris water maze? Buresova O et al 1988
• Early experience influences adult retention of aversively motivated tasks in normal, but not DSP4-treated rats. Cornwell-Jones CA et al 1988
• Perinatal upregulation of benzodiazepine receptor ontogenesis: "fearless" and more efficient goal-directed behavior of adult rat progenies. Marczynski TJ et al 1988
• Methodological proposal in behavioural teratogenicity testing: assessment of propoxyphene, chlorpromazine, and vitamin A as positive controls. Saillenfait AM et al 1988
• Rotational stimulation disrupts spatial learning in fornix-lesioned rats. Matthews BL et al 1988
• Are emotion and motivation localized in the limbic system and nucleus accumbens? Vanderwolf CH et al 1988
• Differences between inbred strains of mice in Morris water maze performance. Upchurch M et al 1988
• Water-maze learning and effects of cholinergic drugs in mouse strains with high and low hippocampal pyramidal cell counts. Symons JP et al 1988
• Maternal age as a factor in determining the reproductive and behavioral outcome of rats prenatally exposed to ethanol. Vorhees CV et al 1988
• Selective behavioural impairment after acute intoxication with trimethyltin (TMT) in rats. Hagan JJ et al 1988
• Deficits in spontaneous behavior and cognitive function following systemic administration of kainic acid. Milgram NW et al 1988
• Behavioral impairment in the rat after colchicine lesions of the hippocampus and nucleus basalis. Mundy WR et al 1988
• Behavioral and physiological effects of trimethyltin in the rat hippocampus. Segal M et al 1988
• Maze-learning behavior in early adrenalectomized rats. Yehuda R et al 1988
• Investigation into sex-related differences in locomotor activity, place learning and passive avoidance responding in NMRI mice. Lamberty Y et al 1988
• The effects of long-term nicotine treatment on locomotion, exploration and memory in young and old rats. Welzl H et al 1988
• Physostigmine improves water maze performance following nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesions in rats. Mandel RJ et al 1988
• Olfaction and the "data" memory system in rats. Staubli U et al 1987
• Impaired performance of rats in the Morris swim-maize test late in abstinence following long-term sodium barbital treatment. Mohammed AK et al 1987
• Recovery from early cortical lesions in rats. III. Neonatal removal of posterior parietal cortex has greater behavioral and anatomical effects than similar removals in adulthood. Kolb B et al 1987
• Effects of losulazine on rat reproduction and development. Morris DF et al 1987
• Relative effects of scopolamine and electroconvulsive shock upon habit reversal in white rats. Tsai LS et al 1987
• Characteristics of memory impairment following lesioning of the basal forebrain and medial septal nucleus in rats. Miyamoto M et al 1987
• Early-life malnutrition selectively retards the development of distal- but not proximal-cue navigation. Castro CA et al 1987
• Functional consequences of embryonic neocortex transplanted to rats with prefrontal cortex lesions. Dunnett SB et al 1987
• Build-up and release from proactive interference during chronic ethanol consumption in mice: a behavioral and neuroanatomical study. Beracochea D et al 1987
• The effects of mild maternal stress during pregnancy on the behavior of rat pups. Grimm VE et al 1987
• [Anti-amnesic effect of prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors in mice] Nanri M et al 1987
• Maze learning in rats: a comparison of performance in two water mazes in progeny prenatally exposed to different doses of phenytoin. Vorhees CV et al 1987
• [The development of water maze-learning ability in rats. (2) Effect of pretraining with the water-filled straight channel] Hasegawa N et al 1987
• Complex maze performance during carbon monoxide exposure in rats. Annau Z et al 1987
• An evaluation of spatial information processing in aged rats. Rapp PR et al 1987
• Ontogeny of spatial navigation behaviors in the rat: dissociation of "proximal"- and "distal"-cue-based behaviors. Rudy JW et al 1987
• Studies of the effect of 0.4-Gy and 0.6-Gy prenatal X-irradiation on postnatal adult behavior in the Wistar rat. Jensh RP et al 1987
• Amnesia produced by anisomycin in an appetitive task is not due to conditioned aversion. Patterson TA et al 1987
• Spatial learning and memory following fimbria-fornix transection and grafting of fetal septal neurons to the hippocampus. Nilsson OG et al 1987
• Blockade of spatial learning by the M1 muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine. Hagan JJ et al 1987
• Behavioral teratogenicity of valproic acid: selective effects on behavior after prenatal exposure to rats. Vorhees CV et al 1987
• Persistence of visual cortex dendritic alterations induced by postweaning exposure to a "superenriched" environment in rats. Camel JE et al 1986
• Studies concerning the effects of low level prenatal X-irradiation on postnatal growth and adult behaviour in the Wistar rat. Jensh RP et al 1986
• Navigational deficits in weaver mutant mice. Lalonde R et al 1986