Link  to HVS Image homepage

Watermaze mini-list

More publications at Pubmed Central

Google Scholar search, search for publications (new)

Watermaze publications 1966-2002

This facility is not continued beyond 2002 because you can Google.

Classics

[Place-navigation impaired.] 
R G M Morris et al. 1982. Place-navigation impaired in rats 
with hippocampal lesions. Nature, 297, 681-683.


[Being there]
Robert J Sutherland & Rick Linggard. 1982. Being there: a novel 
demonstration of latent spatial learning in the rat. Beh & Neural 
Biology, 36,103-107.


[The classic Morris methods paper] Still good ! Please note: current trackers do not require the 'camera-mask' shown in this paper.Richard Morris. 1984. Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. Journal of Neuroscience  Methods, 11, 47-60.


[Whishaw corridor test]
Ian Q Whishaw. 1984. Formation of a place-learning set by the rat. a 
new paradigm for neurobehavioral studies. Physiol & Beh.,35, 139-143.


[The Kelly Tests, put into HVS software at the request of Dr Kelly.]
N. Venable & P. Kelly. 1991. Effects of NMDA antagonists on memory 
processes in a novel two-trial swimming test. Beh. Pharm., 2, 161-169.


[The Gallagher Proximity measures, put into the HVS software at the 
request of Dr Gallagher.]
Michela Gallagher et al. 1993. Severity of spatial learning impairment 
in aging: development of a learning-index for performance in the 
Morris water maze test. 107, 4, 18-626.


[Warm the water !]
Edvard Moser et al. 1993.Association between brain temperature and 
dentate field potentials in exploring & swimming rats. Science, 259, 
1324-1326.


[Anticipates HVS 'Counters'.]
Alicja L. Markowska et al. 1993. Variable-interval probe trial test 
as a tool for repeated measurements of spatial memory in the water 
maze. Beh Neuroscience, 107, 627-632.

[Instead of milk !] (No feedback on suitability for use with HVS.)
D.P.Cain et al. 1993. Polypropylene pellets as in inexpensive 
resusable substitute for milk in the Morris milk maze. J. of 
Neuroscience Methods. 49. 193-197.

Escape strategies of mice in the watermaze: a meta-analytical dissection
D.P. Wolfer, R. Madani, H. Welzl, H.-P. Lipp
http://www.ibngs.org/SanDiego/wolfer.html

Archive 

• Aging impairs amygdala-hippocampus interactions involved in hippocampal LTP. Almaguer W et al 2002
• Behavioral effects of excitotoxic lesions of ventral medial prefrontal cortex in the rat are hemisphere-dependent. Sullivan RM et al 2002
• Improvement of spatial memory by (R)-alpha-methylhistamine, a histamine H(3)-receptor agonist, on the Morris water-maze in rat. Rubio S et al 2002
• Does head-only exposure to GSM-900 electromagnetic fields affect the performance of rats in spatial learning tasks? Dubreuil D et al 2002
• Maintained synaptophysin immunoreactivity in Tg2576 transgenic mice during aging: correlations with cognitive impairment. King DL et al 2002
• The Effects of Long-Term Treatment with Metrifonate, a Cholinesterase Inhibitor, on Cholinergic Activity, Amyloid Pathology, and Cognitive Function in APP and PS1 Doubly Transgenic Mice. Liu L et al 2002
• Inhibition of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Improves CA1 Neuronal Survival and Behavioral Performance After Global Ischemia in the Rat. Wang F et al 2002
• Pharmacological protection of synaptic function, spatial learning, and memory from transient hypoxia in rats. Sun MK et al 2002
• The effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on the behaviour of small-platform-stressed mice in the plus-maze test. Pokk P et al 2002
• SR 141716A prevents delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced spatial learning deficit in a Morris-type water maze in mice. Da S et al 2002
• Aging has a complex effect on a rat model of ischemic stroke. Shapira S et al 2002
• Effects of developmental exposure to lead, magnesium and zinc mixtures on spatial learning and expression of NMDA receptor subunit mRNA in Fischer 344 rats. Newman HM et al 2002
• The molarless condition in aged SAMP8 mice attenuates hippocampal Fos induction linked to water maze performance. Watanabe K et al 2002
• Spaced training facilitates long-term retention of place navigation in adult but not in adolescent rats. Spreng M et al 2002
• Involvement of microtubule integrity in memory impairment caused by colchicine. Nakayama T et al 2002
• Selective and Enduring Deficits in Spatial Learning After Limited Neonatal Binge Alcohol Exposure in Male Rats. Johnson TB et al 2002
• Seizure-induced memory impairment is reduced by choline supplementation before or after status epilepticus. Holmes GL et al 2002
• Hippocampal injury and neurobehavioral deficits following hyperglycemic cerebral ischemia: effect of theophylline and ZM 241385. Higashi H et al 2002
• Enhanced maze performance and reduced oxidative stress by combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba in the aged rat. Topic B et al 2002
• The Effects of l-Glucose on Memory in Mice Are Modulated by Peripherally Acting Cholinergic Drugs. Lawson CJ et al 2002
• Chronic aspirin ingestion improves spatial learning in adult and aged rats. Smith JW et al 2002
• Chronic psychosocial stress impairs learning and memory and increases sensitivity to yohimbine in adult rats. Park CR et al 2001
• A role for the angiotensin AT(4) receptor subtype in overcoming scopolamine-induced spatial memory deficits. Pederson ES et al 2001
• Re-evaluation of the spatial memory deficits induced by hippocampal short lasting inactivation reveals the need for cortical co-operation. Parron C et al 2001
• Grafting neural stem cells improved the impaired spatial recognition in ischemic rats. Toda H et al 2001
• Specific spatial learning deficits become severe with age in beta -amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice that harbor diffuse beta -amyloid deposits but do not form plaques. Koistinaho M et al 2001
• Neurotensin analog NT69L induces rapid and prolonged hypothermia after hypoxic ischemia. Katz LM et al 2001
• Improving effects of SSF on memory deficits and pathological changes of neural and immunological systems in senescent mice. Shang YZ et al 2001
• Cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat. Mackensen GB et al 2001
• Genetic evidence for noradrenergic control of long-term memory consolidation. Kobayashi K et al 2001
• 2-Buten-4-olide, an endogenous feeding suppressant, improves spatial performance through brain acidic fibroblast growth factor in mice. Li XL et al 2001
• Effects of ectopias and their cortical location on several measures of learning in BXSB mice. Hyde LA et al 2001
• The role of the entorhinal cortex in two forms of spatial learning and memory. Bannerman DM et al 2001
• Contextual fear conditioning is disrupted by lesions of the subcortical, but not entorhinal, connections to the hippocampus. Bannerman DM et al 2001
• Anxiolytic activity of aerial and underground parts of Passiflora incarnata. Dhawan K et al 2001
• Memory retrieval impairment induced by hippocampal CA3 lesions is blocked by adrenocortical suppression. Roozendaal B et al 2001
• Cognitive dysfunction and histological findings in adult rats one year after whole brain irradiation. Akiyama K et al 2001
• Development of adult ethanol preference and anxiety as a consequence of neonatal maternal separation in Long Evans rats and reversal with antidepressant treatment. Huot RL et al 2001
• Forebrain-specific calcineurin knockout selectively impairs bidirectional synaptic plasticity and working/episodic-like memory. Zeng H et al 2001
• Evaluation of R6/2 HD transgenic mice for therapeutic studies in Huntington's disease: behavioral testing and impact of diabetes mellitus. Luesse HG et al 2001
• Timing of cognitive deficits following neonatal seizures: relationship to histological changes in the hippocampus. Sogawa Y et al 2001
• Beneficial effect of the sigma(1) receptor agonist PRE-084 against the spatial learning deficits in aged rats. Maurice T et al 2001
• Visual categorical perception by rats with temporal, striate, or sham ablations. Maki SL et al 2001
• Huperzine A attenuates cognitive deficits and hippocampal neuronal damage after transient global ischemia in gerbils. Zhou J et al 2001
• Cerebral serotonin depletion induces egocentric learning improvement in developing rats. Olvera-Cortes E et al 2001
• Behavioral tests of hippocampal function: simple paradigms complex problems. Gerlai R et al 2001
• Faster is not surer--a comparison of C57BL/6J and 129S2/Sv mouse strains in the watermaze. Contet C et al 2001
• Repeated exposure to rats has persistent genotype-dependent effects on learning and locomotor activity of apolipoprotein E knockout and C57Bl/6 mice. Grootendorst J et al 2001
• Phenotyping complex behaviours: assessment of circadian control and 5-choice serial reaction learning in the mouse. Marston HM et al 2001
• Activation of cyclo-oxygenase-2 contributes to motor and cognitive dysfunction following diffuse traumatic brain injury in rats. Cernak I et al 2001
• Behavioral assessment of Alzheimer's transgenic mice following long-term Abeta vaccination: task specificity and correlations between Abeta deposition and spatial memory. Arendash GW et al 2001
• Stress alleviates reduced expression of cell adhesion molecules (NCAM, L1), and deficits in learning and corticosterone regulation of apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Grootendorst J et al 2001
• Coupled guided acoustic modes in water-filled thin-walled tubes. Maze G et al 2001
• Mild head injury increasing the brain's vulnerability to a second concussive impact. Laurer HL et al 2001
• Neurobehavioral assessment of outcome following traumatic brain injury in rats: an evaluation of selected measures. Hamm RJ et al 2001
• Oral administration of soybean lecithin transphosphatidylated phosphatidylserine improves memory impairment in aged rats. Suzuki S et al 2001
• Phenolic anti-inflammatory antioxidant reversal of Abeta-induced cognitive deficits and neuropathology. Frautschy SA et al 2001
• Hippocampus-dependent learning and memory is impaired in mice lacking the Ras-guanine-nucleotide releasing factor 1 (Ras-GRF1). Giese KP et al 2001
• Impact of hypericum (St.-John's-wort) given prenatally on cognition of mice offspring. Rayburn WF et al 2001
• Periadolescent alcohol alters adult behavioral characteristics in the rat. Siciliano D et al 2001
• 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists enhance retention of a water maze task in the rat. Rogers DC et al 2001
• Point mutation in the mouse glucocorticoid receptor preventing DNA binding impairs spatial memory. Oitzl MS et al 2001
• Lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in immature rats result in long-term deficits in spatial learning and hippocampal cell loss. Wu CL et al 2001
• Selective immunolesions of cholinergic neurons in mice: effects on neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and behavior. Berger-Sweeney J et al 2001
• Correlation between hippocampal BDNF mRNA expression and memory performance in senescent rats. Schaaf MJ et al 2001
• A retinoic acid receptor antagonist suppresses brain retinoic acid receptor overexpression and reverses a working memory deficit induced by chronic ethanol consumption in mice. Alfos S et al 2001
• Behavioral characterization of dopamine D5 receptor null mutant mice. Holmes A et al 2001
• Spatial learning deficits in amyloid precursor protein 770 transgenic mice. Li H et al 2001
• A Rat Model of the Cognitive Impairment from (italic)Pfiesteria piscicida (/italic)Exposure. Levin ED et al 2001
• Impaired water maze learning performance without altered dopaminergic function in mice heterozygous for the GDNF mutation. Gerlai R et al 2001
• Conservation of neuronal number and size in the entorhinal cortex of behaviorally characterized aged rats. Merrill DA et al 2001
• Histopathologic response of the immature rat to diffuse traumatic brain injury. Adelson PD et al 2001
• SIB-1553A, (+/-)-4-[[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]thio]phenol hydrochloride, a subtype-selective ligand for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with putative cognitive-enhancing properties: effects on working and reference memory performances in aged rodents and nonhuman primates. Bontempi B et al 2001
• Similar target, different effects: late-onset ataxia and spatial learning in prion protein-deficient mouse lines. Valenti P et al 2001
• Effects of neonatal corticosterone treatment on maze performance and HPA axis in juvenile rats. McCormick CM et al 2001
• Stimulation of 5-HT(1A) receptors in the dorsal raphe ameliorates the impairment of spatial learning caused by intrahippocampal 7-chloro-kynurenic acid in naive and pretrained rats. Carli M et al 2001
• Spatial learning in the guinea pig: cued versus non-cued learning, sex differences, and comparison with rats. Dringenberg HC et al 2001
• Lipopolysaccharide causes deficits in spatial learning in the watermaze but not in BDNF expression in the rat dentate gyrus. Shaw KN et al 2001
• Dietary soy phytoestrogens produce anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze. Lund TD et al 2001
• The AMPA receptor allosteric potentiator PEPA ameliorates post-ischemic memory impairment. Sekiguchi M et al 2001
• Loss of hippocampal serine protease BSP1/neuropsin predisposes to global seizure activity. Davies B et al 2001
• Spatial long-term memory is related to mossy fiber synaptogenesis. Ramirez-Amaya V et al 2001
• The conjoint importance of the hippocampus and anterior thalamic nuclei for allocentric spatial learning: evidence from a disconnection study in the rat. Warburton EC et al 2001
• Neurobehavioural defects in adult mice neonatally exposed to nicotine: changes in nicotine-induced behaviour and maze learning performance. Ankarberg E et al 2001
• Progressive brain dysfunction following intracerebroventricular infusion of beta(1-42)-amyloid peptide. Nakamura S et al 2001
• Cognitive and histopathological outcome after weight-drop brain injury in the rat: influence of systemic administration of monoclonal antibodies to ICAM-1. Isaksson J et al 2001
• Improvement of melatonin to the learning and memory impairment induced by amyloid bgr;-peptide 25-35 in elder rats. Shen YX et al 2001
• Effect of lamotrigine treatment on status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage and memory impairment in rat. Halonen T et al 2001
• Neurodevelopmental delay, motor abnormalities and cognitive deficits in transgenic mice overexpressing Dyrk1A (minibrain), a murine model of Down's syndrome. Altafaj X et al 2001
• Biochemical, histological and behavioral consequences of nephrectomy in young and aged mice. Al Banchaabouchi M et al 2001
• RS 67333 and D-cycloserine accelerate learning acquisition in the rat. Lelong V et al 2001
• Developmental lead exposure: behavioral alterations in the short and long term. Moreira EG et al 2001
• Impairment of spatial learning following preweaning cocaine exposure in the adult rat. Melnick SM et al 2001
• Differential effects of delta9-THC on spatial reference and working memory in mice. Varvel SA et al 2001
• Rat two-generation reproductive toxicity study of bisphenol A. Ema M et al 2001
• Behavioral/environmental intervention improves learning after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in rats. Chou IC et al 2001
• Simvastatin protects against long-lasting behavioral and morphological consequences of neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury. Balduini W et al 2001
• Maternal deprivation increases 5-HT(1A) receptor expression in the CA1 and CA3 areas of senescent Brown Norway rats. Sibug RM et al 2001
• Spatial problem solving and hippocampal place cell firing in rats: control by an internal sense of direction carried across environments. Huxter JR et al 2001
• Finding a goal on dry land and in the water: differential effects of disorientation on spatial learning. Gibson BM et al 2001
• Bromodeoxyuridine and methylazoxymethanol exposure during brain development affects behavior in rats: consideration for a role of nerve growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor. Fiore M et al 2001
• Memantine, but not dizocilpine, ameliorates cognitive deficits in adult rats withdrawn from chronic ingestion of alcohol. Lukoyanov NV et al 2001
• Longitudinal analysis of motor activity and coordination, anxiety, and spatial learning in mice with altered blood pressure. Thifault S et al 2001
• Effects of dentate nucleus lesions on spatial and postural sensorimotor learning in rats. Joyal CC et al 2001
• Loss of the thalamic nuclei for "head direction" impairs performance on spatial memory tasks in rats. Wilton LA et al 2001
• Ontogeny of spatial navigation in rats: a role for response requirements? Carman HM et al 2001
• Versatile computerized system for tracking and analysis of water maze tests. Mukhina TV et al 2001
• Applications of the Morris water maze in the study of learning and memory. D'Hooge R et al 2001
• Differential activation of hippocampus and amygdala following spatial learning under stress. Akirav I et al 2001
• Behavioral phenotyping of GFAP-apoE3 and -apoE4 transgenic mice: apoE4 mice show profound working memory impairments in the absence of Alzheimer's-like neuropathology. Hartman RE et al 2001
• Multiple courses of antenatal betamethasone and cognitive development of mice offspring. Christensen HD et al 2001
• Pentyl-4-yn-valproic acid enhances both spatial and avoidance learning, and attenuates age-related NCAM-mediated neuroplastic decline within the rat medial temporal lobe. Murphy KJ et al 2001
• Intracellular correlates of spatial memory acquisition in hippocampal slices: long-term disinhibition of CA1 pyramidal cells. Gusev PA et al 2001
• Impairment of mossy fiber long-term potentiation and associative learning in pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type I receptor-deficient mice. Otto C et al 2001
• Free radical scavenger posttreatment improves functional and morphological outcome after fluid percussion injury in the rat. Marklund N et al 2001
• Small shifts in craniotomy position in the lateral fluid percussion injury model are associated with differential lesion development. Vink R et al 2001
• Tianeptine and its enantiomers: effects on spatial memory in rats with medial septum lesions. Morris RG et al 2001
• A role for 5-ht6 receptors in retention of spatial learning in the Morris water maze. Woolley ML et al 2001
• Repeated treatment with cholecystokinin octapeptide improves maze performance in aged Fischer 344 rats. Voits M et al 2001
• Gene targeting reveals a role for the glutamate receptors mGluR5 and GluR2 in learning and memory. Jia Z et al 2001
• Learning impairments and motor dysfunctions in adult Lhx5-deficient mice displaying hippocampal disorganization. Paylor R et al 2001
• Extended analysis of path data from mutant mice using the public domain software Wintrack. Wolfer DP et al 2001
• The EthoVision video tracking system--a tool for behavioral phenotyping of transgenic mice. Spink AJ et al 2001
• The use of behavioral test batteries: effects of training history. McIlwain KL et al 2001
• The effects of perinatal tebuconazole exposure on adult neurological, immunological, and reproductive function in rats. Moser VC et al 2001
• Recurrent neonatal seizures: relationship of pathology to the electroencephalogram and cognition. de Rogalski Landrot I et al 2001
• Amygdala is critical for stress-induced modulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning. Kim JJ et al 2001
• Hyperactivity and intact hippocampus-dependent learning in mice lacking the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Miyakawa T et al 2001
• Experience-dependent gene expression in the rat hippocampus after spatial learning: a comparison of the immediate-early genes Arc, c-fos, and zif268. Guzowski JF et al 2001
• Hyperactivity, neuromotor defects, and impaired learning and memory in a mouse model for metachromatic leukodystrophy. D'Hooge R et al 2001
• Anti-ischemic and cognition-enhancing properties of NNC-711, a gamma-aminobutyric acid reuptake inhibitor. O'Connell AW et al 2001
• Interaction between the cholinergic system and CRH in the modulation of spatial discrimination learning in mice. Steckler T et al 2001
• Elevations in antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone as possible causes of fluid retention in the Maze procedure. Albage A et al 2001
• Perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls Aroclor 1016 or 1254 did not alter brain catecholamines nor delayed alternation performance in Long-Evans rats. Zahalka EA et al 2001
• Selective antibody-induced cholinergic cell and synapse loss produce sustained hippocampal and cortical hypometabolism with correlated cognitive deficits. Browne SE et al 2001
• Apolipoprotein E protects against neuropathology induced by a high-fat diet and maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier during aging. Mulder M et al 2001
• Effects of neocortical ectopias and environmental enrichment on Hebb-Williams maze learning in BXSB mice. Hoplight BJ et al 2001
• Cognitive performances and locomotor activity following dentate granule cell damage in rats: role of lesion extent and type of memory tested. Jeltsch H et al 2001
• Maternal urinary tract infection alters water maze performance in the offspring. Cronise K et al 2001
• Long-term consequences of developmental exposure to aluminum in a suboptimal diet for growth and behavior of Swiss Webster mice. Golub MS et al 2001
• Nefiracetam improves Morris water maze performance following traumatic brain injury in rats. DeFord SM et al 2001
• Effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on behavioral impairment and neuronal cell death after forebrain ischemia. Shishido Y et al 2001
• Environmental enrichment: effects on spatial memory and hippocampal CREB immunoreactivity. Williams BM et al 2001
• Short-term administration of fluoxetine and venlafaxine decreases corticosteroid receptor mRNA expression in the rat hippocampus. Yau JL et al 2001
• Spatial learning induces neurotrophin receptor and synapsin I in the hippocampus. Gomez-Pinilla F et al 2001
• Huperzine A attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal degeneration caused by beta-amyloid protein-(1-40) in rat. Wang R et al 2001
• Early-onset amyloid deposition and cognitive deficits in transgenic mice expressing a double mutant form of amyloid precursor protein 695. Chishti MA et al 2001
• Impaired recognition of the goal location during spatial navigation in rats with hippocampal lesions. Hollup SA et al 2001
• Dorsal hippocampal kindling produces a selective and enduring disruption of hippocampally mediated behavior. Hannesson DK et al 2001
• Neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing properties of MK-801 flexible analogs. Structure-activity relationships. Bachurin S et al 2001
• The effect of L-carnitine on T-maze learning ability in aged rats. Lohninger S et al 2001
• Impairments of learning and memory following intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A in rats. Lim DK et al 2001
• Spatial strategy elaboration in egocentric and allocentric tasks following medial prefrontal cortex lesions in the rat. Ethier K et al 2001
• Four hours of paradoxical sleep deprivation impairs alternation performance in a water maze in the rat. Le Marec N et al 2001
• Behavioral and biochemical effects of glutathione depletion in the rat brain. Cruz-Aguado R et al 2001
• N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone, a free radical scavenger with anticholinesterase activity does not improve the cognitive performance of scopolamine-challenged rats. Milivojevic N et al 2001
• Extracellular superoxide dismutase overexpression improves behavioral outcome from closed head injury in the mouse. Pineda JA et al 2001
• Pharmacological enhancement of synaptic efficacy, spatial learning, and memory through carbonic anhydrase activation in rats. Sun MK et al 2001
• Preclinical evaluation of CHF3381 as a novel antiepileptic agent. Villetti G et al 2001
• Neurotoxicological effects associated with short-term exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to hydrogen sulfide. Struve MF et al 2001
• Platelet-activating factor antagonist BN 50730 attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Liu XH et al 2001
• Inhibition of MAO-A activity enhances behavioural activity of rats assessed using water maze and open arena tasks. Barbelivien A et al 2001
• Effects of prenatal rubratoxin-B exposure on behaviors of mouse offspring. Kihara T et al 2001
• Altered sensitivity of CD81-deficient mice to neurobehavioral effects of cocaine. Michna L et al 2001
• Human neural stem cells improve cognitive function of aged brain. Qu T et al 2001
• Excitotoxic lesions of the rostral thalamic reticular nucleus do not affect the performance of spatial learning and memory tasks in the rat. Wilton LA et al 2001
• Learning deficits in mice with persistent Borna disease virus infection of the CNS associated with elevated chemokine expression. Sauder C et al 2001
• Protection against beta-amyloid peptide toxicity in vivo with long-term administration of ferulic acid. Yan JJ et al 2001
• The state of cholinergic structures in forebrain of bulbectomized mice. Bobkova NV et al 2001
• Group I metabotropic glutamate antagonist reduces acute neuronal degeneration and behavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury in rats. Lyeth BG et al 2001
• Neuroprotective and behavioral efficacy of nerve growth factor-transfected hippocampal progenitor cell transplants after experimental traumatic brain injury. Philips MF et al 2001
• Dietary trans fatty acids combined with a marginal essential fatty acid status during the pre- and postnatal periods do not affect growth or brain fatty acids but may alter behavioral development in B6D2F(2) mice. Wauben IP et al 2001
• Confirmation of the anxiolytic-like effect of dihydrohonokiol following behavioural and biochemical assessments. Maruyama Y et al 2001
• Correlation between cognitive deficits and Abeta deposits in transgenic APP+PS1 mice. Gordon MN et al 2001
• Differential interaction of platelet-activating factor and NMDA receptor function in hippocampal and dorsal striatal memory processes. Teather LA et al 2001
• Neurobehavioral teratogenic effects of thalidomide in rats. Vorhees CV et al 2001
• Task-dependent strain difference of spatial learning in C57BL/6N and BALB/c mice. Yoshida M et al 2001
• Prenatal morphine exposure differentially alters learning and memory in male and female rats. Slamberova R et al 2001
• Effects of central noradrenaline depletion by the selective neurotoxin DSP-4 on the behaviour of the isolated rat in the elevated plus maze and water maze. Lapiz MD et al 2001
• Selective behaviors altered in plasminogen-deficient mice are reconstituted with intracerebroventricular injection of plasminogen. Hoover-Plow J et al 2001
• Lack of tissue glucocorticoid reactivation in 11beta -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 knockout mice ameliorates age-related learning impairments. Yau JL et al 2001
• The effects of intrahippocampal testosterone and flutamide on spatial localization in the Morris water maze. Naghdi N et al 2001
• Hippocampal dependent learning ability correlates with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor levels in CA3 neurons of young and aged rats. Adams MM et al 2001
• Age-independent and dose-response effects of ethanol on spatial memory in rats. Acheson SK et al 2001
• Impairment of learning and memory in rats caused by oxidative stress and aging, and changes in antioxidative defense systems. Fukui K et al 2001
• Memory retention is modulated by acute estradiol and progesterone replacement. Sandstrom NJ et al 2001
• Exploration, anxiety, and spatial memory in transgenic anophthalmic mice. Buhot MC et al 2001
• Effects of the uterine environment and neocortical ectopias upon behavior of BXSB-Yaa+mice. Denenberg VH et al 2001
• Therapeutic effects of environmental enrichment on cognitive function and tissue integrity following severe traumatic brain injury in rats. Passineau MJ et al 2001
• Spatial orientation in construction divers--are there associations with diving experience? Leplow B et al 2001
• The maxi-K channel opener BMS-204352 attenuates regional cerebral edema and neurologic motor impairment after experimental brain injury. Cheney JA et al 2001
• Behavioral and anatomical correlates of chronic episodic hypoxia during sleep in the rat. Gozal D et al 2001
• Developmental lead exposure in rats: is a behavioral sequel extended at F2 generation? Trombini TV et al 2001
• Effects of MDL 73005 on water-maze performances and locomotor activity in scopolamine-treated rats. Bertrand F et al 2001
• Resolution of stroke deficits following contralateral grafts of conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cells. Veizovic T et al 2001
• Neurotoxicological outcomes of perinatal heptachlor exposure in the rat. Moser VC et al 2001
• Enriched environment during development is protective against lead-induced neurotoxicity. Schneider JS et al 2001
• Intact LTP and fear memory but impaired spatial memory in mice lacking Ca(v)2.3 (alpha(IE)) channel. Kubota M et al 2001
• A cautionary note on interpreting the effects of partial reinforcement on place learning performance in the water maze. Devan BD et al 2001
• Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 improve spatial learning and increase hippocampal synaptophysin level in mice. Mook-Jung I et al 2001
• Effects of ageing on allocentric and egocentric spatial strategies in the Wistar rat. Begega A et al 2001
• Inactivating one hippocampus impairs avoidance of a stable room-defined place during dissociation of arena cues from room cues by rotation of the arena. Cimadevilla JM et al 2001
• The effects of the lurcher mutation on object localization, T-maze discrimination, and radial arm maze tasks. Belzung C et al 2001
• Behavioral effects of infection with IL-6 adenovector. Sakic B et al 2001
• Place fields of rat hippocampal pyramidal cells and spatial learning in the watermaze. Hollup SA et al 2001
• Relationship between three intensity levels of Toxocara canis larvae in the brain and effects on exploration, anxiety, learning and memory in the murine host. Cox DM et al 2001
• Independence of firing correlates of anatomically proximate hippocampal pyramidal cells. Redish AD et al 2001
• Accumulation of hippocampal place fields at the goal location in an annular watermaze task. Hollup SA et al 2001
• Task-dependent role for dorsal striatum metabotropic glutamate receptors in memory. Packard MG et al 2001
• Chronic, severe hypertension does not impair spatial learning and memory in Sprague-Dawley rats. Kadish I et al 2001
• Intracranial injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus improves cognitive function in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. Frisella WA et al 2001
• Effect of neonatal dentate gyrus lesion on allothetic and idiothetic navigation in rats. Czeh B et al 2001
• Place and response learning of rats in a Morris water maze: differential effects of fimbria fornix and medial prefrontal cortex lesions. de Bruin JP et al 2001
• A behavioral study of alpha-1b adrenergic receptor knockout mice: increased reaction to novelty and selectively reduced learning capacities. Spreng M et al 2001
• Chronic elevation of brain GABA levels beginning two days after status epilepticus does not prevent epileptogenesis in rats. Halonen T et al 2001
• An alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonist, atipamezole, facilitates behavioral recovery after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Puurunen K et al 2001
• Enriched-environment housing increases neuronal Fos-staining in the dentate gyrus after a water maze spatial learning task. Puurunen K et al 2001
• [Possible mechanisms in latent learning formation investigated by using mutant mice] Noda Y et al 2001
• Effects of entorhinal cortex lesions on sensory integration and spatial learning. Davis AE et al 2001
• Subchronic cocaine produces training paradigm-dependent learning deficits in laboratory rats. Quirk PL et al 2001
• Exposure to ethanol and nicotine during the brain growth spurt: spatial DMP performance in male rats. Girard TA et al 2001
• Spatial learning and morphine-rewarded place preference negatively correlates in mice. Xu N et al 2001
• Reversal of morphine-induced memory impairment in mice by withdrawal in Morris water maze: possible involvement of cholinergic system. Li Z et al 2001
• The anxiolytic effect of Sho-ju-sen, a Japanese herbal medicine, assessed by an elevated plus-maze test in mice. Kuribara H et al 2001
• Facilitated stimulus-response associative learning and long-term memory in mice lacking the NTAN1 amidase of the N-end rule pathway. Balogh SA et al 2001
• Visual discrimination learning in the water maze: a novel test for visual acuity. Robinson L et al 2001
• Progressive, age-related behavioral impairments in transgenic mice carrying both mutant amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 transgenes. Arendash GW et al 2001
• Removing zinc from synaptic vesicles does not impair spatial learning, memory, or sensorimotor functions in the mouse. Cole TB et al 2001
• Chronic benzodiazepine administration facilitates the subsequent development of ethanol dependence. Martijena ID et al 2001
• A two-platform task reveals a deficit in the ability of rats to return to the start location in the water maze. Skinner DM et al 2001
• Excitotoxic lesions of the pre- and parasubiculum disrupt object recognition and spatial memory processes. Liu P et al 2001
• Spatial reference memory and neocortical neurochemistry vary with the estrous cycle in C57BL/6 mice. Frick KM et al 2001
• The effect of excitotoxic lesions centered on the hippocampus or perirhinal cortex in object recognition and spatial memory tasks. Liu P et al 2001
• Prolonged exposure to low doses of ozone: short- and long-term changes in behavioral performance in mice. Sorace A et al 2001
• Time sequence and types of memory deficits after experimental status epilepticus. Mikati MA et al 2001
• Evidence for involvement of dysfunctional teeth in the senile process in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice. Watanabe K et al 2001
• Selegiline combined with enriched-environment housing attenuates spatial learning deficits following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Puurunen K et al 2001
• Prenatal stress and postnatal development of neonatal rats--sex-dependent effects on emotional behavior and learning ability of neonatal rats. Nishio H et al 2001
• Behavior of first guided wave on finite cylindrical shells of various lengths: experimental investigation. Haumesser L et al 2001
• Behavioural assessment of visual acuity in bumblebees (Bombus impatiens). Macuda T et al 2001
• Injury severity and sensitivity to treatment after controlled cortical impact in rats. Markgraf CG et al 2001
• Age-dependent influence of dietary zinc restriction on short-term memory in male rats. Keller KA et al 2001
• Cognitive effects of Colostral-Val nonapeptide in aged rats. Popik P et al 2001
• The effect of age on the response of the rat brains to continuous beta-amyloid infusion. Nag S et al 2001
• The free radical scavenger alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone aggravates hippocampal apoptosis and learning deficits in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Loeffler JM et al 2001
• Selective and long-term learning impairment following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain insult in rats. Ikeda T et al 2001
• alpha-Phenyl-tert-N-butyl nitrone (PBN) improves functional and morphological outcome after cortical contusion injury in the rat. Marklund N et al 2001
• Characterization of microsphere embolism-induced impairment of learning and memory function and the cholinergic system. Takagi K et al 2001
• An improved Morris Water Maze tracking algorithm for psychophysiological studies--Part 2. Hval ES et al 2001
• Behavioural, histological and immunocytochemical consequences following 192 IgG-saporin immunolesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Perry T et al 2001
• Enhancement of hippocampal LTP, reference memory and sensorimotor gating in mutant mice lacking a telencephalon-specific cell adhesion molecule. Nakamura K et al 2001
• The preclinical pharmacologic profile of tiapride. Scatton B et al 2001
• Chronic intracerebroventricular exposure to beta-amyloid(1-40) impairs object recognition but does not affect spontaneous locomotor activity or sensorimotor gating in the rat. Nag S et al 2001
• Neurogranin null mutant mice display performance deficits on spatial learning tasks with anxiety related components. Miyakawa T et al 2001
• Visualization of muscarinic receptor-mediated phosphoinositide turnover in the hippocampus of young and aged, learning-impaired Long Evans rats. Nicolle MM et al 2001
• GABAergic septohippocampal neurons are not necessary for spatial memory. Pang KC et al 2001
• Aberrant synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA3 region and cognitive deterioration in protein-repair enzyme-deficient mice. Ikegaya Y et al 2001
• Dorsal hippocampal kindling selectively impairs spatial learning/short-term memory. Hannesson DK et al 2001
• Dorsal/ventral hippocampus, fornix, and conditioned place preference. Ferbinteanu J et al 2001
• Memory deficits and increased emotionality induced by beta-amyloid (25-35) are correlated with the reduced acetylcholine release and altered phorbol dibutyrate binding in the hippocampus. Olariu A et al 2001
• Theta rhythm of hippocampal CA1 neuron activity: gating by GABAergic synaptic depolarization. Sun MK et al 2001
• Retrograde amnesia for spatial memory induced by NMDA receptor-mediated long-term potentiation. Brun VH et al 2001
• Mapping cerebral glucose metabolism during spatial learning: interactions of development and traumatic brain injury. Prins ML et al 2001
• Circadian phase-shifted rats show normal acquisition but impaired long-term retention of place information in the water task. Devan BD et al 2001
• Anticonvulsant action and long-term effects of gabapentin in the immature brain. Cilio MR et al 2001
• The effects of prenatal stress on learning in rats in a Morris maze. Aleksandrov AA et al 2001
• Spatial learning deficits without hippocampal neuronal loss in a model of early-onset epilepsy. Lee CL et al 2001
• Effects of age and insulin-like growth factor-1 on neuron and synapse numbers in area CA3 of hippocampus. Poe BH et al 2001
• Reversal of cognitive deficit of apolipoprotein E knockout mice after repeated exposure to a common environmental experience. Grootendorst J et al 2001
• Unaltered radial maze performance and brain acetylcholine of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mouse. Dere E et al 2001
• The selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist repinotan HCl attenuates histopathology and spatial learning deficits following traumatic brain injury in rats. Kline AE et al 2001
• Behavioural correlates of striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein in the 3-nitropropionic acid rat model: disturbed walking pattern and spatial orientation. Teunissen CE et al 2001
• Dahl salt-sensitive and salt-resistant rats: examination of learning and memory performance, blood pressure, and the expression of central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Terry AV Jr et al 2001
• Neonatal dexamethasone on day 7 in rats causes behavioral alterations reflective of hippocampal, but not cerebellar, deficits. Ferguson SA et al 2001
• Plasma and brain methamphetamine concentrations in neonatal rats. Cappon GD et al 2001
• Strain and gender differences in the behavior of mouse lines commonly used in transgenic studies. Voikar V et al 2001
• Pharmacological evidence supporting a role for galanin in cognition and affect. Wrenn CC et al 2001
• Effects of chronic, post-injury Cyclosporin A administration on motor and sensorimotor function following severe, experimental traumatic brain injury. Riess P et al 2001
• Homotopic grafts of septal neurons combined to polymeric hydrogels placed into a fimbria-fornix lesion cavity attenuate locomotor hyperactivity but not mnemonic dysfunctions in rats. Duconseille E et al 2001
• The effects of neocortical ectopias on Lashley III water maze learning in New Zealand Black mice. Hyde LA et al 2000
• Timing of ketogenic diet initiation in an experimental epilepsy model. Su SW et al 2000
• Evaluation of combined fibroblast growth factor-2 and moderate hypothermia therapy in traumatically brain injured rats. Yan HQ et al 2000
• Spatial memory and learning deficits after experimental pneumococcal meningitis in mice. Wellmer A et al 2000
• A learning deficit related to age and beta-amyloid plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Chen G et al 2000
• A beta peptide vaccination prevents memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Morgan D et al 2000
• Lesions of the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens impair rats in finding larger rewards, but spare reward-seeking behavior. Albertin SV et al 2000
• Auditory cues support place navigation in rats when associated with a visual cue. Rossier J et al 2000
• Spatial learning, contextual fear conditioning and conditioned emotional response in Fmr1 knockout mice. Van Dam D et al 2000
• BALB/c mice are not so bad in the Morris water maze. Chapillon P et al 2000
• Impaired hippocampal-dependent learning and functional abnormalities in the hippocampus in mice lacking serotonin(1A) receptors. Sarnyai Z et al 2000
• Neurological sequelae and long-term behavioural assessment of rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Modo M et al 2000
• Disruption of the mouse Necdin gene results in hypothalamic and behavioral alterations reminiscent of the human Prader-Willi syndrome. Muscatelli F et al 2000
• Mild deficits in mice lacking pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor type 1 (PAC1) performing on memory tasks. Sauvage M et al 2000
• Reduced visual acuity impairs place but not cued learning in the Morris water task. Prusky GT et al 2000
• Retrieval of spatial information in Nijmegen high and low responders: involvement of beta-adrenergic mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens. Tuinstra T et al 2000
• [Nphe(1)]-Nociceptin (1-13)-NH(2), a nociceptin receptor antagonist, reverses nociceptin-induced spatial memory impairments in the Morris water maze task in rats. Redrobe JP et al 2000
• Similarities in the development of place and cue navigation by rats in a swimming pool. Brown RW et al 2000
• Vitamin E supplementation prevents spatial learning deficits and dendritic alterations in aged apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Veinbergs I et al 2000
• NPS 1506 attenuates cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal neuron death following brain trauma in the rat. Leoni MJ et al 2000
• Acute administration of estrogen and progesterone impairs the acquisition of the spatial morris water maze in ovariectomized rats. Chesler EJ et al 2000
• Protective effect of Oren-gedoku-to (Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang) against impairment of learning and memory induced by transient cerebral ischemia in mice. Xu J et al 2000
• Behavioral deficits associated with dietary induction of decreased brain docosahexaenoic acid concentration. Moriguchi T et al 2000
• Subnecrotic stereotactic radiosurgery controlling epilepsy produced by kainic acid injection in rats. Maesawa S et al 2000
• Recovery of water maze performance in aged versus young rats after brain injury with the impact acceleration model. Maughan PH et al 2000
• Cognitive impairment and synaptosomal choline uptake in rats following impact acceleration injury. Schmidt RH et al 2000
• Isoflurane improves long-term neurologic outcome versus fentanyl after traumatic brain injury in rats. Statler KD et al 2000
• Effects of batroxobin on spatial learning and memory disorder of rats with temporal ischemia and the expression of HSP32 and HSP70. Wu W et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal stress on development in mice: maturation and learning. Meek LR et al 2000
• Endomorphin-2 but not Leu-enkephalin modulates spatial learning when microinjected in the CA3 region of the rat hippocampus. Sandin J et al 2000
• A novel nitrate ester reverses the cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine in the Morris water maze. Smith S et al 2000
• Differential participation of the NBM in the acquisition and retrieval of conditioned taste aversion and Morris water maze. Gonzalez CL et al 2000
• Protective effects of prenatal choline supplementation on seizure-induced memory impairment. Yang Y et al 2000
• Mice are not little rats: species differences in a one-day water maze task. Frick KM et al 2000
• Increased effectiveness of tacrine by deprenyl co-treatment in rats: EEG and behavioral evidence. Dringenberg HC et al 2000
• Behavioral insensitivity to restraint stress, absent fear suppression of behavior and impaired spatial learning in transgenic rats with hippocampal neuropeptide Y overexpression. Thorsell A et al 2000
• Is there an optimal age for recovery from motor cortex lesions? I. Behavioral and anatomical sequelae of bilateral motor cortex lesions in rats on postnatal days 1, 10, and in adulthood. Kolb B et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal dexamethasone on spatial learning and response to stress is influenced by maternal factors. Brabham T et al 2000
• Alzheimer's disease: more than a 'cholinergic disorder' - evidence that cholinergic-monoaminergic interactions contribute to EEG slowing and dementia. Dringenberg HC et al 2000
• BDNF protects against spatial memory deficits following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Almli CR et al 2000
• Neurobehavioral protection by the neuronal calcium channel blocker ziconotide in a model of traumatic diffuse brain injury in rats. Berman RF et al 2000
• Enoxaparin reduces brain edema, cerebral lesions, and improves motor and cognitive impairments induced by a traumatic brain injury in rats. Wahl F et al 2000
• Sex differences and estropausal phase effects on water maze performance in aged rats. Warren SG et al 2000
• Impaired memory consolidation in rats produced with beta-adrenergic blockade. Cahill L et al 2000
• The behavioral teratogenic potential of fenbendazole: a medication for pinworm infestation. Barron S et al 2000
• Genetic dissection of region associated with behavioral abnormalities in mouse models for Down syndrome. Sago H et al 2000
• Sexually dimorphic cognitive style, female sex hormones, and cortical nitric oxide. Kant L et al 2000
• Prenatal stress in rats: effects on plasma corticosterone, hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors, and maze performance. Szuran TF et al 2000
• Galanin regulates the postnatal survival of a subset of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. O'Meara G et al 2000
• Partial hippocampal inactivation: effects on spatial memory performance in aged and young rats. Poe GR et al 2000
• Neural and behavioral teratological evaluation of rats exposed to ultra-wideband electromagnetic fields. Cobb BL et al 2000
• Maternal deprivation affects behaviour from youth to senescence: amplification of individual differences in spatial learning and memory in senescent Brown Norway rats. Oitzl MS et al 2000
• Quantitative assessment of longitudinal metabolic changes in vivo after traumatic brain injury in the adult rat using FDG-microPET. Moore TH et al 2000
• Perinatal asphyxia results in changes in presynaptic bouton number in striatum and cerebral cortex-a stereological and behavioral analysis. Van de Berg WD et al 2000
• The effects of human corticotrophin releasing factor on motor and cognitive deficits after impact acceleration injury. Beaumont A et al 2000
• Effects of centrolateral or medial thalamic lesions on motor coordination and spatial orientation in rats. Jeljeli M et al 2000
• Use of osmotic minipumps for sustained drug delivery in rat pups: effects on physical and neurobehavioural development. Doucette TA et al 2000
• Effects of zinc on spatial reference memory and brain dopamine (D1) receptor binding kinetics in rats. Turner TY et al 2000
• Intrauterine methylmercury intoxication. Consequence of the inherent brain lesions and cognitive dysfunction in maturity. Kakita A et al 2000
• Impaired cognitive performance in ornithine transcarbamylase-deficient mice on arginine-free diet. D'Hooge R et al 2000
• Lifelong feeding of a high aluminum diet to mice. Golub MS et al 2000
• Lidocaine reversible inactivation of the median raphe nucleus has no effect on reference memory but enhances working memory versions of the Morris water maze task. Sarihi A et al 2000
• Environmental enrichment from birth enhances visual acuity but not place learning in mice. Prusky GT et al 2000
• D-amphetamine facilitation of morris water task performance is blocked by eticlopride and correlated with increased dopamine synthesis in the prefrontal cortex. Brown RW et al 2000
• Anterograde and retrograde memory for object discriminations and places in rats with perirhinal cortex lesions. Mumby DG et al 2000
• Prenatally protein-malnourished rats are less sensitive to the amnestic effects of medial septal infusions of chlordiazepoxide. Tonkiss J et al 2000
• No long-term benefit from hypothermia after severe traumatic brain injury with secondary insult in rats. Robertson CL et al 2000
• Hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of Davilla rugosa Poiret: effects on spontaneous motor activity and elevated plus-maze behavior. Guaraldo L et al 2000
• Circuit-specific alterations in hippocampal synaptophysin immunoreactivity predict spatial learning impairment in aged rats. Smith TD et al 2000
• Superior water maze performance and increase in fear-related behavior in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mouse together with monoamine changes in cerebellum and ventral striatum. Frisch C et al 2000
• Inhibition of neocortical plasticity during development by a moderate concussive brain injury. Fineman I et al 2000
• Behavior and brain uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose in mature and aged C57BL/6 mice. Uecker A et al 2000
• Age-related decline in water maze learning and memory in rats: strain differences. Wyss JM et al 2000
• Chronic prenatal exposure to paroxetine (Paxil) and cognitive development of mice offspring. Christensen HD et al 2000
• Spatial learning and long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in animals developmentally exposed to Aroclor 1254. Gilbert ME et al 2000
• Chroman amide 12P inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protection against learning and memory impairment. Vajragupta O et al 2000
• Cognitive impairment in old rats: a comparison of object displacement, object recognition and water maze. Luparini MR et al 2000
• Involvement of cortical damage in the ischemia/reperfusion-induced memory impairment of Wistar rats. Hong JT et al 2000
• The ketogenic diet inhibits epileptogenesis in EL mice: a genetic model for idiopathic epilepsy. Todorova MT et al 2000
• Systemic administration of the propargylamine CGP 3466B prevents behavioural and morphological deficits in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions in the substantia nigra. Andringa G et al 2000
• Evidence for a mate-attracting chemosignal in the dwarf African clawed frog Hymenochirus. Pearl CA et al 2000
• Brain localization and behavioral impact of the G-protein-gated K+ channel subunit GIRK4. Wickman K et al 2000
• Chronic marginal iron intakes during early development in mice alter brain iron concentrations and behavior despite postnatal iron supplementation. Kwik-Uribe CL et al 2000
• HIV- and FIV-derived gp120 alter spatial memory, LTP, and sleep in rats. Sanchez-Alavez M et al 2000
• Pentoxifylline improves learning and memory in glutamate-lesioned rats. Cunha GM et al 2000
• In two species, females exhibit superior working memory and inferior reference memory on the water radial-arm maze. Bimonte HA et al 2000
• Short-term behavioral and electrophysiological consequences of underwater trauma. Wang J et al 2000
• Behavioral effects of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Jolkkonen J et al 2000
• Modification of dopamine D(1) receptor knockout phenotype in mice lacking both dopamine D(1) and D(3) receptors. Karasinska JM et al 2000
• Longitudinal age-related changes in motor activities and spatial orientation in CD-1 mice. Joyal CC et al 2000
• Interstrain differences in cognitive functions in rats in relation to status epilepticus. Hort J et al 2000
• Behavioral effects of protein deprivation and rehabilitation in adult rats: relevance to morphological alterations in the hippocampal formation. Lukoyanov NV et al 2000
• A cautionary note regarding drug and brain lesion studies that use swimming pool tasks: partial reinforcement impairs acquisition of place learning in a swimming pool but not on dry land. Gonzalez CL et al 2000
• Spatial ability of XY sex-reversed female mice. Stavnezer AJ et al 2000
• Sexually dimorphic cognitive style in rats emerges after puberty. Kanit L et al 2000
• Antisense oligonucleotide sequences targeting the muscarinic type 2 acetylcholine receptor enhance performance in the Morris water maze. Galli RL et al 2000
• Two-generation reproduction and developmental neurotoxicity study with sodium chlorite in the rat. Gill MW et al 2000
• Boron neutron capture therapy of brain tumors: functional and neuropathologic effects of blood-brain barrier disruption and intracarotid injection of sodium borocaptate and boronophenylalanine. Yang W et al 2000
• Abnormal synaptic plasticity and impaired spatial cognition in mice transgenic for exon 1 of the human Huntington's disease mutation. Murphy KP et al 2000
• Social amnesia in mice lacking the oxytocin gene. Ferguson JN et al 2000
• Spatial learning in transgenic mice expressing human presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenes. Janus C et al 2000
• Chronic propranolol induces deficits in retention but not acquisition performance in the water maze in mice. Czech DA et al 2000
• Effects of glucose on scopolamine-induced learning deficits in rats performing the Morris water maze task. Okaichi Y et al 2000
• Radial arm maze performance in rats following gestational and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Seo BW et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal cocaine on Morris and Barnes maze tests of spatial learning and memory in the offspring of C57BL/6J mice. Inman-Wood SL et al 2000
• Rapid neurobehavioral analysis of Pfiesteria piscicida effects in juvenile and adult rats. Levin ED et al 2000
• Role of nociceptin systems in learning and memory. Noda Y et al 2000
• Antagonistic effect of pseudoginsenoside-F11 on the behavioral actions of morphine in mice. Li Z et al 2000
• Four weeks' inhalation exposure of Long Evans rats to 4-tert-butyltoluene: effect on evoked potentials, behaviour, and brain neurochemistry. Lam HR et al 2000
• Working memory deficits in BXSB mice with neocortical ectopias. Hyde LA et al 2000
• Spatial learning and memory deficits induced by exposure to iron-56-particle radiation. Shukitt-Hale B et al 2000
• Intracerebroventricular administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult rats affects analgesia and spontaneous behaviour but not memory retention in a Morris Water Maze task. Cirulli F et al 2000
• Postnatal intracerebroventricular administrations of NGF alter spatial memory in adulthood. Brandner C et al 2000
• Individual and combined manipulation of muscarinic, NMDA, and benzodiazepine receptor activity in the water maze task: implications for a rat model of Alzheimer dementia. Cain DP et al 2000
• Conditional discrimination learning in rats with global ischaemic brain damage. Modo M et al 2000
• Impaired learning with enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation in PTPdelta-deficient mice. Uetani N et al 2000
• Adult learning deficits after neonatal exposure to D-methamphetamine: selective effects on spatial navigation and memory. Vorhees CV et al 2000
• Ectopic noradrenergic hyperinnervation does not functionally compensate for neonatal forebrain acetylcholine lesion. Pappas BA et al 2000
• Huperzine A improves cognitive deficits caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Wang LM et al 2000
• Galanin and spatial learning in the rat. Evidence for a differential role for galanin in subregions of the hippocampal formation. Schott PA et al 2000
• LPS-induced neuroinflammatory effects do not recover with time. Hauss-Wegrzyniak B et al 2000
• T-maze behaviour in broiler chicks is not sensitive to right-left preferences, test order or time-of-day. Marin RH et al 2000
• Spatial and associative learning deficits induced by neonatal excitotoxic hippocampal damage in rats: further evaluation of an animal model of schizophrenia. Le Pen G et al 2000
• Spatial learning on the Morris Water Maze Test after a short-term paradoxical sleep deprivation in the rat. Beaulieu I et al 2000
• Quinolinic acid released from polymeric brain implants causes behavioral and neuroanatomical alterations in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. Haik KL et al 2000
• Is the mineralocorticoid receptor in Brown Norway rats constitutively active? Marissal-Arvy N et al 2000
• Inhibition of activity-dependent arc protein expression in the rat hippocampus impairs the maintenance of long-term potentiation and the consolidation of long-term memory. Guzowski JF et al 2000
• Supplementation with L-histidine during dietary zinc repletion improves short-term memory in zinc-restricted young adult male rats. Keller KA et al 2000
• Activity-dependent neurotrophic factor: intranasal administration of femtomolar-acting peptides improve performance in a water maze. Gozes I et al 2000
• Effect of batroxobin on expression of c-Jun in left temporal ischemic rats with spatial learning and memory disorder. Wu W et al 2000
• Agastache mexicana may produce anxiogenic-like actions in the male rat. Molina-Hernandez M et al 2000
• [Behavior characterization of a model of Huntington's disease in rats, induced by quinolinic acid] Francis L et al 2000
• The effect of steroid sulfatase inhibition on learning and spatial memory. Johnson DA et al 2000
• Spatial learning affects immature granule cell survival in adult rat dentate gyrus. Ambrogini P et al 2000
• Protein phosphatase-1 regulation in the induction of long-term potentiation: heterogeneous molecular mechanisms. Allen PB et al 2000
• A single high dose of dizocilpine produces long-lasting impairment of the water maze performance in adult rats. Lukoyanov NV et al 2000
• Involvement of the hippocampus and associative parietal cortex in the use of proximal and distal landmarks for navigation. Save E et al 2000
• Disconnecting hippocampal projections to the anterior thalamus produces deficits on tests of spatial memory in rats. Warburton EC et al 2000
• Inhalation of low concentrations of toluene induces persistent effects on a learning retention task, beam-walk performance, and cerebrocortical size in the rat. von Euler M et al 2000
• Suppression of neurocognitive damage in LP-BM5-infected mice with a targeted deletion of the TNF-alpha gene. Iida R et al 2000
• Hippocampal anatomy and water maze performance are affected by neonatal cryoanesthesia in rats of both sexes. Nunez JL et al 2000
• Strain-dependent differences in LTP and hippocampus-dependent memory in inbred mice. Nguyen PV et al 2000
• D2 dopamine receptor blockade immediately post-training enhances retention in hidden and visible platform versions of the water maze. Setlow B et al 2000
• Prenatal exposure to anti-HIV drugs. long-term neurobehavioral effects of lamivudine (3TC) in CD-1 mice. Calamandrei G et al 2000
• Comparison of neurobehavioral changes in three inbred strains of mice prenatally exposed to methylmercury. Kim CY et al 2000
• Anticholinergic effects in frogs in a Morris water maze analog. Bilbo SD et al 2000
• Corticosterone effects on BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Implications for memory formation. Schaaf MJ et al 2000
• Early exclusive use of the affected forelimb after moderate transient focal ischemia in rats : functional and anatomic outcome. Bland ST et al 2000
• Non-spatial water radial-arm maze learning in mice. Hyde LA et al 2000
• Learning deficiency and alterations in acetylcholine receptors and protein kinase C in the brain of senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM)-P10. Okuma Y et al 2000
• Positive and negative modulation of the GABA(A) receptor and outcome after traumatic brain injury in rats. O'Dell DM et al 2000
• Impaired acquisition of a Morris water maze task following selective destruction of cerebellar purkinje cells with OX7-saporin. Gandhi CC et al 2000
• Rats alternate on a dry-land but not swimming-pool (Morris task) place task: implications for spatial processing. Whishaw IQ et al 2000
• Behavioral effects of transient cerebral ischemia. Briones TL et al 2000
• Effects of environment on enhancing functional plasticity following cerebral ischemia. Briones TL et al 2000
• Diets containing long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affect behaviour differently during development than ageing in mice. Carrie I et al 2000
• Learning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: interaction of diabetes and ageing. Kamal A et al 2000
• Humans with traumatic brain injuries show place-learning deficits in computer-generated virtual space. Skelton RW et al 2000
• Long-term dysfunction following diffuse traumatic brain injury in the immature rat. Adelson PD et al 2000
• Preservation of the right atrial appendage improves reduced plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels after the maze procedure. Yoshihara F et al 2000
• Long-lasting behavioral alterations following a hypoxic/ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Balduini W et al 2000
• Bis(7)-tacrine, a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, reverses AF64A-induced deficits in navigational memory in rats. Liu J et al 2000
• Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: loss of pupillary reflex, visual impairment and retinal neurodegeneration. Davidson CM et al 2000
• Pre-training blocks the improving effect of tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine on spatial navigation performance in aged rats. Aura J et al 2000
• Effects of subdural haematoma on sensorimotor functioning and spatial learning in rats. Eijkenboom M et al 2000
• Recovery from early cortical damage in rats, VIII. Earlier may be worse: behavioural dysfunction and abnormal cerebral morphogenesis following perinatal frontal cortical lesions in the rat. Kolb B et al 2000
• Early postnatal ethanol exposure has long-term effects on the performance of male rats in a delayed matching-to-place task in the Morris water maze. Girard TA et al 2000
• P rats develop physical dependence on alcohol via voluntary drinking: changes in seizure thresholds, anxiety, and patterns of alcohol drinking. Kampov-Polevoy AB et al 2000
• Impairment of spatial memory and changes in astroglial responsiveness following loss of molar teeth in aged SAMP8 mice. Onozuka M et al 2000
• Conditionally immortalized, multipotential and multifunctional neural stem cell lines as an approach to clinical transplantation. Gray JA et al 2000
• Phospholipid supplementation reverses behavioral and biochemical alterations induced by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency in mice. Carrie I et al 2000
• Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction in Apoe(-/-) mice: possible role in behavioral and metabolic alterations. Raber J et al 2000
• Donepezil, a centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, alleviates learning deficits in hypocholinergic models in rats. Ogura H et al 2000
• Evaluation of neonatal exposure to cocaine on learning, activity, startle, scent marking, immobility, and plasma cocaine concentrations. Vorhees CV et al 2000
• The effect of 7-oxo-DHEA acetate on memory in young and old C57BL/6 mice. Shi J et al 2000
• Representation of actions in rats: the role of cerebellum in learning spatial performances by observation. Leggio MG et al 2000
• Anorexigenic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide intensifies fear reactions in rats. Kask A et al 2000
• Acute ethanol administration and transient ischemia: a behavioral and neuropathological study. McCrea S et al 2000
• Chronic methylphenidate treatment enhances water maze performance following traumatic brain injury in rats. Kline AE et al 2000
• LP-BM5 infection impairs spatial working memory in C57BL/6 mice in the Morris water maze. Lee B et al 2000
• Chronic stress induces impairment of spatial working memory because of prefrontal dopaminergic dysfunction. Mizoguchi K et al 2000
• Synaptic reorganization in the hippocampal formation of alcohol-fed rats may compensate for functional deficits related to neuronal loss. Lukoyanov NV et al 2000
• Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on spatial reference and working memory tasks. Santin LJ et al 2000
• The effects of combined lesions of the subicular complex and the entorhinal cortex on two forms of spatial navigation in the water maze. Oswald CJ et al 2000
• Quantification of swim patterns in the Morris water maze. Dalm S et al 2000
• A new model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy induced by electrical stimulation of the amygdala in rat. Nissinen J et al 2000
• Hippocampal kindled seizures impair spatial cognition in the Morris water maze. Gilbert TH et al 2000
• Cerebral oligaemia episode triggers free radical formation and late cognitive deficiencies. Heim C et al 2000
• Spatial learning induced changes in expression of the ryanodine type II receptor in the rat hippocampus. Zhao W et al 2000
• Two peptidergic drugs increase the synaptophysin immunoreactivity in brains of 6-week-old rats. Windholz E et al 2000
• The drug cerebrolysin and its peptide fraction E021 increase the abundance of the blood-brain barrier GLUT1 glucose transporter in brains of young and old rats. Gschanes A et al 2000
• Spatial working memory and hippocampal size across pregnancy in rats. Galea LA et al 2000
• Chronic [D-Ala2]-growth hormone-releasing hormone administration attenuates age-related deficits in spatial memory. Thornton PL et al 2000
• The preclinical pharmacological profile of WAY-132983, a potent M1 preferring agonist. Bartolomeo AC et al 2000
• Effects of the size of the morris water tank on spatial discrimination learning in the CFW1 mouse. van der Staay FJ et al 2000
• Repeated ECS and fluoxetine administration have equivalent effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Stewart CA et al 2000
• The anxiogenic-like effect of caffeine in two experimental procedures measuring anxiety in the mouse is not shared by selective A(2A) adenosine receptor antagonists. El Yacoubi M et al 2000
• [Deficits of Morris water maze learning in rats with striatal kainic acid lesions] Takahama S et al 2000
• Neurotoxicity of ethyl methacrylate in rats. Abou-Donia MB et al 2000
• Gender differences in the effect of rivastigmine on brain cholinesterase activity and cognitive function in rats. Wang RH et al 2000
• Mice lacking the cell adhesion molecule Thy-1 fail to use socially transmitted cues to direct their choice of food. Mayeux-Portas V et al 2000
• Intraseptal infusions of 8-OH-DPAT in the rat impairs water-maze performances: effects on memory or anxiety? Bertrand F et al 2000
• Nerve growth factor (NGF) augments cortical and hippocampal cholinergic functioning after p75NGF receptor-mediated deafferentation but impairs inhibitory avoidance and induces fear-related behaviors. Winkler J et al 2000
• Spontaneous spike-wave discharges in rat neocortex and their relation to behaviour. Gralewicz S et al 2000
• Sphingolipid biosynthesis by L-PDMP after rat MCA occlusion. Kubota M et al 2000
• Huperzine A ameliorates the impaired memory of aged rat in the Morris water maze performance. Ye JW et al 2000
• Haloperidol administered subchronically reduces the alcohol-deprivation effect in mice. Salimov RM et al 2000
• Perforant path stimulation in rats produces seizures, loss of hippocampal neurons, and a deficit in spatial mapping which are reduced by prior MK-801. Kelsey JE et al 2000
• Early androgen treatment decreases cognitive function and catecholamine innervation in an animal model of ADHD. King JA et al 2000
• Sex specific behavioural alterations in Mas-deficient mice. Walther T et al 2000
• Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats. Wang B et al 2000
• The effect of familiarity on distraction and single cue use after hippocampal damage. Holden JE et al 2000
• Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on focal brain contusions. Tinianow CL et al 2000
• An improved Morris water maze tracking algorithm for psychophysical studies. Barrett SF et al 2000
• Combined lesions of cholinergic and serotonergic neurons in the rat brain using 192 IgG-saporin and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine: neurochemical and behavioural characterization. Lehmann O et al 2000
• Water maze and radial maze learning and the density of binding sites of glutamate, GABA, and serotonin receptors in the hippocampus of inbred mouse strains. Zilles K et al 2000
• Rats with hippocampal damage are impaired on place learning in the water task when overtrained under constrained conditions. McDonald RJ et al 2000
• Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the hippocampus: spatial behavior, electrophysiology, and neuroanatomy. Berman RF et al 2000
• A model of hippocampally dependent navigation, using the temporal difference learning rule. Foster DJ et al 2000
• Hippocampal mossy fibers and swimming navigation learning in two vole species occupying different habitats. Pleskacheva MG et al 2000
• Fatty acid mixture counters stress changes in cortisol, cholesterol, and impair learning. Yehuda S et al 2000
• Effects of subchronic methylphenidate hydrochloride administration on the locomotor and exploratory behavior of prepubertal mice. Carrey N et al 2000
• Multiple points of entry into a circular enclosure prevent place learning despite normal vestibular orientation and cue arrays: evidence for map resetting. Hynes CA et al 2000
• Effects of fetal septal grafts on memory and learning performance with hippocampal acetylcholine and choline metabolism in fimbria transected rats. Ipekoglu SZ et al 2000
• The effects of the 21-aminosteroid U-74389G on spatial orientation in rats after a cerebral oligemic episode and iron-induced oxidative stress. Heim C et al 2000
• Neurotrophic effects of Cerebrolysin in animal models of excitotoxicity. Veinbergs I et al 2000
• The novel compound LOE 908 attenuates acute neuromotor dysfunction but not cognitive impairment or cortical tissue loss following traumatic brain injury in rats. Cheney JA et al 2000
• Long term neurological and behavioral effects of graded perinatal asphyxia in the rat. Hoeger H et al 2000
• Age-related decrease in the Schaffer collateral-evoked EPSP in awake, freely behaving rats. Barnes CA et al 2000
• Effects of the novel NMDA receptor antagonist gacyclidine on recovery from medial frontal cortex contusion injury in rats. Smith JS et al 2000
• Enhanced visuospatial memory following intracerebroventricular administration of nerve growth factor. Brandner C et al 2000
• Conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts reverse age-associated memory impairments in rats. Hodges H et al 2000
• Increase in AMPA receptors in aged memory-impaired rats is not associated with increase in monoamine oxidase B levels. Andres N et al 2000
• Deficits in spatial learning and nicotinic-acetylcholine receptors in older, spontaneously hypertensive rats. Terry AV Jr et al 2000
• Modelling cognitive dysfunctions with bilateral injections of ibotenic acid into the rat entorhinal cortex. Eijkenboom M et al 2000
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factor administration after traumatic brain injury in the rat does not protect against behavioral or histological deficits. Blaha GR et al 2000
• Alteration of expression levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and haem oxygenase-2 messenger RNA in the hippocampi and cortices of young adult and aged cognitively unimpaired and impaired Long-Evans rats. Law A et al 2000
• Impaired spatial learning in aged rats is associated with loss of p75-positive neurons in the basal forebrain. Greferath U et al 2000
• Fmr1 knockout mouse has a distinctive strain-specific learning impairment. Dobkin C et al 2000
• N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit changes are associated with lead-induced deficits of long-term potentiation and spatial learning. Nihei MK et al 2000
• Transient spine density increases in the mid-molecular layer of hippocampal dentate gyrus accompany consolidation of a spatial learning task in the rodent. O'Malley A et al 2000
• Chronic treatment of old rats with donepezil or galantamine: effects on memory, hippocampal plasticity and nicotinic receptors. Barnes CA et al 2000
• Antisense DNA against calcineurin facilitates memory in contextual fear conditioning by lowering the threshold for hippocampal long-term potentiation induction. Ikegami S et al 2000
• Reorganization of the morphology of hippocampal neurites and synapses after stress-induced damage correlates with behavioral improvement. Sousa N et al 2000
• Effects of the non-pseudoautosomal region of the Y-chromosome on behavior in female offspring of two congenic strains of mice. Hoplight BJ et al 2000
• Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice are not more susceptible to the biochemical and memory deficits induced by nucleus basalis lesion. Puolivali J et al 2000
• Immunohistochemical and neurochemical correlates of learning deficits in aged rats. Stemmelin J et al 2000
• Overexpression of alpha2C-adrenoceptors impairs water maze navigation. Bjorklund M et al 2000
• Reference memory, anxiety and estrous cyclicity in C57BL/6NIA mice are affected by age and sex. Frick KM et al 2000
• Intrahippocampal cholinergic-rich transplants restore lead-induced deficits: a preliminary study in rats. Adhami VM et al 2000
• [Pharmacological properties of donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept), a drug for Alzheimer's disease] Ogura H et al 2000
• Functional reconstruction of the hippocampus: fetal versus conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts. Hodges H et al 2000
• Formaldehyde neurotoxicity in animal experiments. Pitten FA et al 2000
• Chlordiazepoxide-induced spatial learning deficits: dose-dependent differences following prenatal malnutrition. Tonkiss J et al 2000
• Effects of hypothermia and gender on survival and behavior after perinatal asphyxia in rats. Loidl CF et al 2000
• Conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts restore spatial learning in rats with lesions at the source of cholinergic forebrain projections cholinergic forebrain projections Conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell grafts restore spatial leaming in rats with lesions at the source of cholinergic forebrain projections. Grigoryan GA et al 2000
• Effects-of fluoxetine on sensorimotor and spatial learning deficits following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Jolkkonen J et al 2000
• Transgenic approaches to model Alzheimer's disease. Sommer B et al 2000
• Nerve growth factor promoter driven neurotrophin-3 overexpression in the mouse and the protective effect of transgene on age-related behavioral deficits. Kaisho Y et al 1999
• Continuous blockade of brain mineralocorticoid receptors impairs spatial learning in rats. Yau JL et al 1999
• Pretraining prevents spatial learning impairment after saturation of hippocampal long-term potentiation. Otnaess MK et al 1999
• Choline supplementation during prenatal development reduces proactive interference in spatial memory. Meck WH et al 1999
• Long-term effects of neonatal seizures: a behavioral, electrophysiological, and histological study. Huang L et al 1999
• Brain insulin receptors and spatial memory. Correlated changes in gene expression, tyrosine phosphorylation, and signaling molecules in the hippocampus of water maze trained rats. Zhao W et al 1999
• Excitotoxic hippocampal lesions disrupt allocentric spatial learning in mice: effects of strain and task demands. Arns M et al 1999
• The effects of posterior parietal and posterior temporal cortical lesions on multimodal spatial and nonspatial competencies in rats. Tees RC et al 1999
• Retrograde amnesia and selective damage to the hippocampal formation: memory for places and object discriminations. Mumby DG et al 1999
• Early postnatal treatment with ACTH4-9 analog ORG 2766 improves adult spatial learning but does not affect behavioural stress reactivity. Horvath KM et al 1999
• Double dissociation of function within the hippocampus: a comparison of dorsal, ventral, and complete hippocampal cytotoxic lesions. Bannerman DM et al 1999
• Dissociating context and space within the hippocampus: effects of complete, dorsal, and ventral excitotoxic hippocampal lesions on conditioned freezing and spatial learning. Richmond MA et al 1999
• Neonatal 192 IgG-saporin lesions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons selectively impair response to spatial novelty in adult rats. Ricceri L et al 1999
• An experimental study of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction in an adult rat model. Yoneoka Y et al 1999
• Dentin bonding--state of the art 1999. Perdigao J et al 1999
• Role of an enriched environment on the restoration of behavioral deficits in Lurcher mutant mice. Caston J et al 1999
• The influences of sex, rearing environment, and neonatal choline dietary supplementation on spatial and nonspatial learning and memory in adult rats. Tees RC et al 1999
• Age-related behavioural deficits in transgenic mice expressing the HIV-1 coat protein gp120. D'hooge R et al 1999
• Selective discrimination learning impairments in mice expressing the human Huntington's disease mutation. Lione LA et al 1999
• Time course for recovery of water maze performance and central cholinergic innervation after fluid percussion injury. Schmidt RH et al 1999
• Effects on reproduction and fetal development of female rats treated subcutaneously with a surfactant, polyoxyethylene(10)nonylphenyl ether(NP-10), for 15 weeks. Aso S et al 1999
• Effects on growth of rat offspring born from dams treated subcutaneously wit